具有高電流增益值與轉換效率之有機近紅外光上轉換元件

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研究生：	黃柏齊 Bo-Chi Huang
論文名稱：	具有高電流增益值與轉換效率之有機近紅外光上轉換元件 Organic near-infrared upconversion device with high current gain and conversion efficiency
指導教授：	李志堅 Chih-Chien Lee
口試委員:	李志堅 Chih-Chien Lee 王煥宗 Huan-Chun Wang 范慶麟 Ching-Lin Fan 劉舜維 Shun-Wei Liu
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電資學院 - 電子工程系 Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年：	2017
畢業學年度：	105
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	87
中文關鍵詞：	有機上轉換元件、有機光偵測器、有機發光二極體
外文關鍵詞：	Organic upconversion, Organic photodetector, Organic light emitting diode
相關次數：	點閱：239 下載：2
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本篇論文使用全有機系統做為上轉換元件之材料，結合有機太陽能電
池(Organic photovoltaic, OPV)、有機光偵測器(Organic photodetector, OPD)
與有機電激發光二極體(Organic light emitting diode, OLED)之特性設計上
轉換元件，主要使不可見光(NIR)經由元件內部光→電→光之轉換為可見光
之波段，本篇論文使用單層氯鋁酞菁(Chloroaluminum phthalocyanine,
ClAlPc)作為有機上轉換元件載子產生層，並以有機光偵測器之結構分析其
特性，最終結合高效率有機磷光錯體發光二極體做為發光單元。
首先利用OPV 結構驗證其使用單ClAlPc 與混合C70 之結構於780 nm
擁有接近之外部量子效率，並透過元件設計以有機光偵測器模式分析
ClAlPc 做為載子產生層(Charge generation layer, CGL)之特性，最終結合
OLED，透過量測計算其擁有15.48% (p/p)上轉換效率以及1685 cd/m2 之高
亮度於照射NIR LED 5 mW/cm2 強度下，以及弱光之感測能力於NIR LED
0.5 mW/cm2 強度下擁有200 cd/m2 之亮度。

The whole paper describes that all-organic system is used as the material
of upconversion devices. The characteristics of upconversion device designs
are combined with organic photovoltaic(OPV); organic photodetector(OPD)
and organic light emitting diode(OLED). The device mainly converts invisible
light (NIR) into visible light through device internal. The organic upconversion
device of this paper is composed of Chloroaluminum Phthalocyanine used as
charge generation layer and OPD structure which is used to analyze the
characteristics and high-efficiency organic exciplex emitting diode finally used
as a emitting cell respectively.
Firstly, the OPV structure is used to verify that single ClAlPc and mixed
C70 show approximate External Quantum Efficiency(EQE) at 780nm. Secondly,
we analyze the characteristics of ClAlPc as charge generation layer with
hole-supplying OPD model through design of device. Finally, we combined
OPV and OPD with OLED. In summary, the upconversion device shows
15.48% of upconversion efficiency and 1685 cd/m2 of high intensity when it is
irradiated by 5 mW/cm2 NIR LED; moreover, the sensitivity of weak light
shows 200 cd/m2 of intensity irradiated by 0.5 mW/cm2 NIR LED.
KEYWORDS: Organic upconversion、Organic photodetector、Organic light
emitting diode.

I. 目錄
致謝 ...................................................................................................................... I
中文摘要 ............................................................................................................. II
Abstract .............................................................................................................. III
I.目錄 ................................................................................................................. IV
II.圖目錄 ........................................................................................................... VII
III.表目錄 ........................................................................................................... XI
第一章 緒論 ....................................................................................................... 1
1 引言 ............................................................................................................... 1
2 上轉換元件研究文獻與開發背景整理.......................................................... 2
3.1 無機系統.............................................................................................. 6
3.2 混合系統.............................................................................................. 8
3.3 有機系統............................................................................................ 16
3 有機上轉換元件未來發展............................................................................ 25
第二章 理論基礎 ............................................................................................. 26
1 有機半導材料之機制.................................................................................... 26
2 有機太陽能電池光與光偵測器工作原理.................................................... 29
3 有機發光二極體工作原理............................................................................ 32
4 有機上轉換元件工作原理............................................................................ 35
5 量測單位與指標............................................................................................ 36
5.1 有機太陽能電池(OPV)與偵測器量測單位與定義 ......................... 37
5.2 有機光發光二極體(OLED)量測單位與定義 .................................. 38
5.3 上轉換元件量測單位與定義............................................................ 39
第三章 實驗儀器設備 ..................................................................................... 41
1 實驗儀器........................................................................................................ 41
1.1 超音波清洗機.................................................................................... 41
1.2 旋轉塗佈機........................................................................................ 41
1.3 加熱板................................................................................................ 42
1.4 紫外光曝光機.................................................................................... 42
1.5 氧電漿清潔機.................................................................................... 43
1.6 手套箱系統........................................................................................ 44
1.7 高真空熱蒸鍍系統............................................................................ 45
1.8 膜厚量測系統(α-step) ....................................................................... 46
1.9 輝度計................................................................................................ 47
1.10 太陽光模擬器................................................................................... 47
1.11 外部量子效率量測系統.................................................................... 48
1.12 光電子光譜儀(AC-2) ....................................................................... 49
1.13UV 光譜儀 ......................................................................................... 50
1.14NIR LED ............................................................................................ 50
1.15NIR Laser ........................................................................................... 51
1.16 橢圓偏振儀....................................................................................... 51
1.17 功率計(Power Meter) ....................................................................... 52
1.18 材料純化系統................................................................................... 52
1.19 原子力顯微鏡(Atomic force microscope, AFM) ............................. 52
1.20 積分球............................................................................................... 53
2 實驗前置準備................................................................................................ 54
2.1 有機材料純化.................................................................................... 54
2.2 黃光微影製程(Photolithography) ..................................................... 54
3 實驗步驟........................................................................................................ 56
3.1 元件基板清洗.................................................................................... 56
3.2 氧電漿清潔........................................................................................ 57
3.3 真空熱蒸鍍製程................................................................................ 57
3.4 元件封裝............................................................................................ 58
第四章 研究成果與討論 ................................................................................. 60
1 載子產生層(Charge generation layer, CGL)之選擇 ..................................... 60
2 CGL 層之OPV 測試與分析......................................................................... 61
3 上轉換元件CGL:C70 暗電流探討 ............................................................... 64
4 光偵測器之效能探討.................................................................................... 65
4.1 元件操作機制與結構設計................................................................ 66
4.2 元件J-V 特性 .................................................................................... 67
4.3 元件Bias EQE ................................................................................... 67
4.4 元件偵測度與LDR 之量測.............................................................. 68
5 OLED 元件設計與效能分析 ........................................................................ 70
6 有機上轉換元件效能分析............................................................................ 72
6.1 CGL 厚度對於上轉換元件之特性探討........................................... 73
6.2 上轉換元件之反應速度.................................................................... 75
6.3 上轉換元件之感測度測試................................................................ 76
6.4 上轉換元件發光單元測試................................................................ 78
第五章結論 ....................................................................................................... 81
參考資料 ........................................................................................................... 82
                                

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