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研究生： 柯建名
JIAN-MING Ko
論文名稱： 基於雲端監控之直流微電網研製及其能量配置策略
Design and Implementation of DC Microgrid Based on Cloud Monitoring and Its Electricity Allocation Strategy
指導教授： 林長華
Chang-Hua Lin
口試委員: 劉添華
Tian-Hua Liu
劉華棟
Hwa-Dong Liu
陳貽評
Yi-Ping Chen
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電資學院 - 電機工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年： 2022
畢業學年度： 110
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 139
中文關鍵詞： 雲端系統 、直流微電網 、儲能系統 、削峰填谷
外文關鍵詞： Cloud system, DC microgrid, Energy storage systems, peak-cutting and valley-filling
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    • 本文旨在將雲端技術應用於直流微電網，並以軟體即服務之概念實現一種基於雲端技術之直流微電網能量分配策略。本混合系統是由電能轉換器、電池儲能系統、無線通訊技術及雲端服務所構成的複合式系統，藉由雲端將市電、儲能系統、再生能源與直流微電網相互連接，建立一完整的直流微電網系統。其次，本系統整合多項新型雲端微服務技術，像是軟體整合平台、前端服務等，而雲端分析與決策功能則是透過獲取儲能系統、再生能源及市電即時狀態，並依尖峰釋能、離峰儲能之原則導入所提策略，同時還可依不同再生能源發電情境對子系統作相對應之決策，使直流電網中各個系統之操作模式在整體系統中作最適當的配置，最後，再透過一實際案例之降額實測，以證實本文研擬策略之可行性。

    關鍵字：雲端系統、直流微電網、儲能系統、削峰填谷

    This thesis aims to apply cloud technology to DC microgrid and implement a cloud-based DC microgrid energy distribution strategy with the concept of software as a service. This system comprises power converters, battery energy storage systems, wireless communication technology, and cloud services. The cloud interconnects utility power, energy storage systems, renewable energy, and DC microgrids to build a complete DC Microgrid system. Secondly, the system integrates several latest cloud micro-service technologies, such as software integration platforms, front-end services, etc. The cloud analysis and decision-making function are used to obtain the real-time status of the energy storage system, renewable energy, and utility power, then send each subsystem energy allocation according to the principle of energy release during the peak interval and energy store during the off-peak interval, which is introduced into the proposed strategy. Meanwhile, corresponding decisions can be deployed on the cloud according to different renewable energy or load situations so that each subsystem in the DC microgrid can be appropriately configured through the overall system. Finally, the feasibility of the strategy proposed in this thesis has been verified by measuring an actual case.
    Keywords: Cloud system, DC microgrid, Energy storage systems, peak-cutting and valley-filling.

    摘要 IV Abstract V 誌謝 VI 目錄 VII 圖目錄 XII 表目錄 XVI 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 文獻探討 2 1.3 論文架構 5 第二章 直流微電網與雲端技術 7 2.1 直流電網技術 7 2.1.1 電能轉換器之控制 8 2.1.2 微電網之控制 10 2.2 儲能系統 11 2.2.1 鋰電池種類與規格 12 2.2.2 電池電量狀態 13 2.2.3 電池平衡技術 14 2.3 雲端技術之用途與目的 14 2.4 雲端運算模型 16 2.5 雲端設備 18 2.6 網頁技術 18 2.6.1 .MVC框架 19 2.6.2 前端技術 20 2.6.3 後端技術 22 2.7 資料庫 25 2.7.1 時間序列資料庫 26 2.7.2 ..InfluxDB 27 2.8 微服務 28 2.8.1 微服務之用途與目的 28 2.8.2 容器化 29 2.8.3 ..Docker 30 第三章 建置具雲端監控之直流微電網系統 31 3.1 整體系統架構 31 3.2 直流微電網之儲能系統 33 3.2.1 電池管理系統 33 3.2.2 電能轉換器 34 3.2.3 儲能系統管理單元 53 3.2.4 儲能管理系統之資料收集系統 54 3.2.5 儲能系統命令 58 3.3 市電及再生能源 64 3.4 直流負載 65 3.5 雲端管理系統與直流電網之連結 65 3.5.1 雲端功能架構 65 3.5.2 資料庫 66 3.5.3 雲端運算服務 68 3.5.4 前端網頁服務 68 3.5.5 雲端系統整合平台 69 3.5.6 雲端控制模式 70 第四章 案例分析：具削峰填谷策略之直流微電網系統 71 4.1 用電負載曲線說明 71 4.1.2 負載功率等比例降額說明 72 4.1.3 負載時間等比例縮短說明 73 4.2 契約容量與時間電價說明 74 4.2.1 裝置契約容量考量 74 4.2.2 時間電價參考 75 4.3 再生能源數據 76 4.4 直流電網之系統操作條件 79 4.4.1 直流微電網功率平衡原則 79 4.4.2 直流微電網各子系統輸出功率原則 80 4.4.3 儲能系統電量狀態範圍原則 81 4.4.4 儲能系統電量狀態平衡原則 81 4.4.5 直流微電網電壓範圍原則 82 4.5 削峰填谷情境 82 4.5.1 無再生能源 83 4.5.2 具再生能源 83 4.6 削峰填谷控制策略設計 84 4.6.1 削峰填谷策略執行流程說明 84 4.6.2 常見控制策略說明 85 4.6.3 所提策略一 89 4.6.4 所提策略二 90 4.6.5 不同控制策略計算結果比較 94 第五章 案例實作：具削峰填谷策略之直流微電網系統 96 5.1 系統測試平台介紹 96 5.2 前端網頁服務功能實現 97 5.2.1 直流微電網首頁 97 5.2.2 負載及各子系統能量供應曲線 98 5.2.3 儲能系統電量狀態曲線 98 5.2.4 直流微電網電壓曲線 99 5.3 削峰填谷策略之實現 99 5.3.1 常見控制策略之實測結果 99 5.3.2 所提策略一之實測結果 103 5.3.3 所提策略二之實測結果 108 5.4 削峰填谷策略結果比較 111 第六章 結論與未來研究方向 115 6.1 結論 115 6.2 未來研究方向 115 參考文獻 117

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