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研究生： Mega Lazuardi Umar
Mega Lazuardi Umar
論文名稱： Modeling and Verification of a Photovoltaic and a Photovoltaic-Thermal with Water and Air Collector
Modeling and Verification of a Photovoltaic and a Photovoltaic-Thermal with Water and Air Collector
指導教授： 郭中豐
Chung-Feng Jeffrey Kuo
口試委員: 黃昌群
Chang-Chiun Huang
彭成瑜
Cheng-Yu Peng
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工程學院 - 材料科學與工程系
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年： 2019
畢業學年度： 107
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 125
中文關鍵詞： PV 、PV/T 、Efficiency 、Simulation 、Solar energy 、Economic analysis
外文關鍵詞： PV, PV/T, Efficiency, Simulation, Solar energy, Economic analysis
相關次數： 點閱：181  下載：0 
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  •  上一筆

    • 臺灣位於兩個氣候帶，南部地區屬於熱帶，北部地區是亞熱帶，因此有豐富的太陽能資源，顯示臺灣具有發展太陽能技術的良好潛力。本研究根據能量守恆的定律，開發三種理論模型，包括光伏(PV)、光伏熱(PV/T)水和光伏熱(PV/T)空氣收集器。其中，太陽輻射、風速和環境溫度被當作建立模型時的輸入環境參數，從而產生電能和熱能。在晴天，多雲和陰天的三種情況下驗證實驗，並結合已發表的科學文獻作為驗證後，顯示出良好的模擬結果，誤差值低於5％且相關係數在0.96-0.99範圍內（近似於1）。我們所建立PV、PV/T水和PV/T空氣收集系統的三種預測模型，其日平均之總效率分別為47.35％、61.72％和71.10％。經過驗證後，本研究選擇台北、台中、高雄三個城市作為台灣北部、中部和南部地區的代表，分析月和年度的性能比較。我們的研究預測PV、PV/T水和PV/T空氣在台北的年總能源輸出分別為486.72、849.37和1122.44千瓦小時/年。台中為600.67、1116.90和1548.80千瓦小時/年。高雄則為637.06、1143.50和1523.10千瓦時/年。最後提出經濟效益分析，根據所選城市的能源產出提供最佳擬設置系統。顯示PV/T比傳統PV具有更高的經濟效益。在未來可以作為欲安裝PV和PV/T系統者導入太陽能源策略時的參考，加速目前可再生能源中PV/T技術的發展市場。

    Energy from the sun is plentifully available in Taiwan due to its geographical location, which covers two climates: tropical in the south region and subtropical in the north region. This condition denotes that Taiwan has strong potential to develop solar energy technology such as Photovoltaic (PV). This study develops three theoretical models, including PV, Photovoltaic-Thermal (PV/T) water, and PV/T air collector, according to the concept of the energy balance equation. We use environmental parameters, including solar radiation, wind speed, and ambient temperature, as inputs of our modeling, resulting in both electrical and thermal energy performances. Experimental verification under the three conditions of sunny, cloudy, and overcast combined with published scientific literature helps validate and shows good agreement with an error value below 5% and a very good correlation coefficient in the range of 0.96-0.99 (very close to 1). Our models predict that the total energy efficiency of the three models is 47.35, 61.72, and 71.10% for PV, PV/T water, and PV/T air collector, respectively. After verification, this study then selects three cities, Taipei, Taichung, and Kaohsiung, as representative of the country’s north, central, and south regions, and then analyzes monthly and annual performance comparisons. Our findings predict the total annual energy output in Taipei for PV, PV/T water, and PV/T air collector is 486.72, 849.37, and 1122.44 kWh/year, respectively; the total annual energy output in Taichung for PV, PV/T water, and PV/T air collector is 600.67, 1166.90, and 1548.80 kWh/year, respectively; and the total annual energy output in Kaohsiung for PV, PV/T water, and PV/T air collector is 637.06, 1143.50, and 1523.10 kWh/year, respectively. Finally, we present an economic analysis to justify the best-proposed models according to the energy output in the selected cities. Findings show that both PV/T water and PV/T air collector have a higher economic benefit than conventional PV. In the future, this result can be taken as a valuable reference for users who want to install PV and PV/T systems or related processes when considering a solar energy strategy and to accelerate the development of PV/T technology in the renewable energy market.

    Abstract i 摘要 ii Acknowledgments iii List of Contents iv List of Figures vii List of Tables x List of Symbols xi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Research background and motivation 1 1.2 Previous studies 3 1.3 Research objectives 7 1.4 Research flowchart and thesis structure 7 Chapter 2 Theoretical Background 9 2.1 Solar radiation in Taiwan 9 2.1.1 Calculation of the solar radiation 10 2.2 Photovoltaic cell principle and temperature influence 12 2.3 Photovoltaic (PV) and Photovoltaic-Thermal (PV/T) collector 13 2.3.1 PV 17 2.3.2 PV/T water collector 19 2.3.3 PV/T air collector 21 2.4 Standard for evaluating the performance of the PV/T 22 Chapter 3 Modeling Methodology 25 3.1 Physical systems 25 3.1.1 Physical system of PV 25 3.1.2 Physical system of PV/T water collector 26 3.1.3 Physical system of PV/T air collector 27 3.2 Introduction about energy balance equation 31 3.3 Assumptions of analysis 31 3.4 Mathematical models 32 3.4.1 PV 32 3.4.2 PV/T water collector 35 3.4.3 PV/T air collector 40 Chapter 4 Validation 44 4.1 Validation of the PV 44 4.1.1 Validation in the sunny condition 44 4.1.2 Validation in the cloudy condition 45 4.1.3 Validation in the overcast condition 47 4.2 Validation of the PV/T water collector 48 4.2.1 Validation in the sunny condition 49 4.2.2 Validation in the cloudy condition 50 4.2.3 Validation in the overcast condition 51 4.3 Validation of the PV/T air collector 53 4.3.1 Validation in the sunny condition 55 4.3.2 Validation in the cloudy condition 56 4.3.3 Validation in the overcast condition 57 Chapter 5 Results and Discussion 60 5.1 Daily temperature distribution 60 5.2 Daily energy performance 62 5.3 Monthly and annual energy performance 64 5.4 Economic analysis 69 Chapter 6 Conclusions 73 References 75 Appendix 82 A. Matlab program to estimate solar radiation in specific day and month 82 B. Simulink model 85 C. Experimental and simulation data of PV in the validation 88 D. Experimental and simulation data of PV/T water collector in the validation 94 E. Experimental and simulation data of PV/T air collector in the validation 100 F. Parametric studies 107

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