無線通訊與射頻辨識系統之天線設計及應用｜國立臺灣科技大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	劉獻文 Hsien-Wen Liu
論文名稱：	無線通訊與射頻辨識系統之天線設計及應用 Antenna Design for Wireless Communication and RFID Systems with Applications
指導教授：	楊成發 Chang-Fa Yang
口試委員:	曾昭雄 Chao-Hsiung Tseng 馬自莊 Tzyh-Ghuang Ma 周錫增 Hsi-Tseng Chou 林丁丙 Ding-Bing Lin 林育德 Yu-De Lin 陳士元 Shih-Yuan Chen 李學智 Hsueh-Jyh Li 廖文照 Wen-Jiao Liao
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	電資學院 - 電機工程系 Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年：	2010
畢業學年度：	98
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	141
中文關鍵詞：	WiMAX 、UWB 、標籤天線、讀取器天線、微型化天線、WLAN 、WWAN 、RFID
外文關鍵詞：	WiMAX, UWB, tag antenna, reader antenna, miniature antenna, WLAN, WWAN, RFID
相關次數：	點閱：415 下載：11
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隨著科技日新月異，現行的行動通訊裝置如：個人數位助理、智慧型手機和筆記型電腦等，均朝向輕薄短小的設計概念來發展，故配合上述裝置來設計微型化天線，乃是極為關鍵的研究議題。本論文係針對不同無線通訊系統之接收需求，來研製出六款具備不同功能之微型化天線，以內建至行動裝置中。另一方面，針對射頻辨識系統的近/遠場辨識應用，亦開發了兩款讀取器天線及兩款標籤天線。
首先，本論文提出兩款適用於WiMAX/WLAN/UWB lower band以及UWB等系統之微型化寬頻天線，其利用曲折式佈線技術來縮減天線尺寸，並加以探討淨空區及接地面大小對於天線效能之影響，以便搭配手機模組來進行整合設計。其次，亦開發出具備帶拒特性之WiMAX/WLAN與UWB天線，其分別使用二分之一導波波長的彎曲細槽線與四分之一導波波長的金屬耦合帶線，來協助產生所需之帶拒頻段，並研究如何微調帶拒特性，以配合實際模組裝置及相關應用。另外，針對無淨空區之電路佈局需求，乃設計一款2.4 GHz曲折式槽孔PIFA印刷天線，來內建於手機裝置中。此外，為設計具備低姿態的微型化WWAN多頻帶天線，以安裝於筆記型電腦之面板上方，乃使用複合陶瓷基板來設計短路型耦合單極天線以實現之。
另一方面，為提昇RFID近距離辨識效能，本論文設計了一款具備四組彎曲金屬帶線及耦合殘段之900 MHz迴路型近場天線，其可產生兩組反相的共振電流，以磁耦合方式來感應迴路型標籤。另外，本研究亦探討電耦合之近場辨識技術，來設計2.4 GHz射頻辨識讀取器近場天線，以解決近距離讀取多個雙偶極標籤所產生的相互耦合效應。除此之外，本論文研發了900 MHz RFID金屬標籤天線以及微型化標籤天線，來進行長距離辨識之用，其中金屬標籤天線乃以共平面波導饋入方式並搭配槽孔輻射體結構設計之，可適用於貼附金屬物品上。至於微型化標籤天線則採用捲繞式佈線技術來大幅縮減天線面積，以內建於行動裝置中，並可應用於物件互聯網。

Due to the rapid advance in both science and technology, many portable devices such as personal digital assistant (PDA), smart phone and laptop computer are required to have a small form factor. Thus, an antenna that meets both radiation performance and space requirement is quite critical for these devices. To tackle various demands for present wireless communication systems, six different miniature antenna designs with different operation features for integration into portable devices are proposed in this dissertation. On the other hand, two reader antennas for near-filed operation as well as two tag antennas for far-field operation are also developed and investigated for RFID applications.
By utilizing meander lines in the antenna structure, two broadband antennas are designed with small volume to be embedded inside various portable devices suitable for WiMAX/WLAN/UWB lower band and UWB systems. The effects due to empty space and ground plane variations are also analyzed. In order to eliminate the use of bandpass filters to further reduce the cost, two band-notched antenna designs are thus presented. One comes with two thin bended slots equal to half guided-wavelength and the other utilizes a coupling strip equal to quarter guided-wavelength to produce the required stopbands. Parametric studies about the stopband performance are performed as well. In order to reduce antenna size for integration into various portable devices, the fifth design is a printed planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) with bended slot. It works for 2.4 GHz ISM band applications and does not require an empty space. A thicker substrate is employed to mitigate the mutual coupling between the antenna and the circuit board. As for the sixth design, a miniature WWAN multiband antenna based on the shorted monopole structure is developed with a low profile. This antenna can be mounted at the top edge of the display in the laptop computer, which is implemented with a Direct Bond Copper (DBC) substrate to enhance the radiation performance.
To improve the reading performance in near-field communication (NFC) for RFID system, a loop-type antenna operating at 900 MHz has been proposed as the seventh design. It consists of four curved strips and four pairs of coupled stubs to make two opposite currents and therefore create a strong and uniform magnetic field parallel to the antenna. Thus small loop tags placed vertical toward the antenna can be read via inductive coupling. As for detecting the dipole-like tags through capacitive coupling, a 2x3 circular patch array antenna is developed for RFID 2.4 GHz operation. It can focus the radiation beam to a small spot in the near-filed zone. As a result, the severe mutual coupling among the tags and the reader antenna can be better addressed, and then the reading performance is improved as well. In addition to the reader antennas, the ninth design is a coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed metal tag antenna using a slot radiator for RFID 900 MHz applications. This tag design can be satisfactorily detected due to its high directivity when mounted on a metallic object. The tenth design is a miniaturized tag antenna for RFID 900 MHz operation. It is fabricated using helical strips and vias to miniaturize the overall antenna size. Good radiation performance is obtained with an additional miniaturized quasi-lumped matching circuit. Since both the tag antenna and its matching circuit can be easily implemented using conventional PCB processes, the proposed tag design is thus suitable for integration into portable devices as an internal RFID tag to meet internet of things (IOT).

摘  要	I
Abstract	III
致  謝	V
Contents	VII
List of Figures	XI
List of Tables	XVII
Chapter 1  Introduction	1
1 Motivation	1
2 Contributions	2
3 Thesis Organization	4
Chapter 2  Miniature Broadband Antenna Design	7
1 Miniature Broadband Antenna for WLAN/WiMAX and Lower-Band UWB Applications	7
1.1 Introduction	7
1.2 Antenna Design	7
1.3 Experimental Results and Discussion	8
1.4 Summary	9
2 Miniature Hook-Shaped Monopole Antenna for UWB Applications	14
2.1 Introduction	14
2.2 Antenna Design	14
2.3 Experimental Results and Discussion	16
2.4 Summary	17
Chapter 3  Compact Band-Notched Antenna Design	23
1 Novel CPW-Fed Planar Monopole Antenna for WiMAX/WLAN Applications	23
1.1 Introduction	23
1.2 Antenna Design	24
1.3 Experimental Results and Discussion	25
1.4 Summary	27
2 Compact Monopole Antenna with Tunable Band-Notched Characteristic for UWB Applications	34
2.1 Introduction	34
2.2 Antenna Design	35
2.3 Experimental Results and Discussion	36
2.4 Summary	37
Chapter 4  Small-Size Antenna Design with Specific Feature	43
1 Miniature PIFA without Empty Space for 2.4 GHz ISM Band Applications	43
1.1 Introduction	43
1.2 Antenna Design	44
1.3 Experimental Results and Discussion	45
1.4 Summary	46
2 Miniature Multiband Monopole Antenna for WWAN Operation in Laptop Computer	52
2.1 Introduction	52
2.2 Antenna Design	53
2.3 Experimental Results and Discussion	54
2.4 Summary	55
Chapter 5  Near-Field RFID Reader Antenna Design	61
1 Novel UHF Reader Loop Antenna for Near-Field RFID Applications	61
1.1 Introduction	61
1.2 Antenna Design	62
1.3 Experimental Results and Discussion	63
1.4 Summary	64
2 An UHF Reader Antenna Design with a Focusing Circular Patch Array for Near-Field RFID Applications	71
2.1 Introduction	71
2.2 Array Antenna Geometry and Design Concept	72
2.3 Experimental Results and Performance Analysis	74
2.4 Summary	77
Chapter 6  RFID Tag Antenna Design	87
1 Novel CPW-Fed Slot Antenna for UHF RFID Metal Tag Applications	87
1.1 Introduction	87
1.2 Antenna Design	88
1.3 Experimental Results and Discussion	89
1.4 Summary	91
2 Novel Miniature Monopole Tag Antenna for UHF RFID Applications	96
2.1 Introduction	96
2.2 Antenna Design	97
2.3 Experimental Results and Discussion	98
2.4 Summary	100
Chapter 7  Conclusions	107
1 Summary	107
2 Future Works	109
References	111
Author Resume	117
Publication List	118

                                

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