近年來由於微型製造技術、通訊技術的進步以及電池技術的改進，使得具有輕巧、自主特性的感測節點 (sensor node) 技術逐漸成熟。無線感測節點具有感應、無線通訊與處理資訊的能力，可自行組成無線感測網路 (wireless sensor networks) 以監測並蒐集各種環境資訊，並可實際應用在醫療、工安、土木或軍事等等用途之上。感測節點不但能夠感應及偵測目標環境及其變動，並且可以再進一步處理收集到的數據，然後將處理過的資料以無線傳輸的方式送到資料收集中心 (sink) 或基地台。為了實現未來多樣性的前瞻應用，無線感測網路的發展關鍵在於如何針對不同的應用領域提出較完整通用的軟硬體解決方案，以使得無線感測網路能更迅速的成長。
本論文首先以資料功能導向 (data-centric) 的概念提出簡易屬性定址暨衛星定位輔助式路由 (SABAGAR) 協定。設計時的主要考量是必須容易實作，以吸引更多對感測網路技術有興趣的廠商加入相關產品之研發與應用。由於感測網路中可能有大量的感測節點，或者資料的位置並不確定，因此節點的定址使用全域識別號碼 (global identification) 並不恰當。當希望取得偵測資料時，無線感測網路可能使用屬性定址 (attribute-based addressing) 以及對網路廣播的方式通訊，但使用廣播的方式通訊常會造成網路頻寬無謂的浪費。為解決此問題，本論文同時提出一種以位置向量為基礎的演算法供 SABAGAR 協定使用，吾人以模擬方式加以驗證。
另外，目前常見的網路模擬器雖然適用於一般無線網路的模擬，但對於使用屬性定址感測網路的模擬方面，程式寫作上並不方便。我們採用了一種離散事件模擬程式庫，稱為 simjava，並加以擴充功能，以讓屬性定址感測網路的模擬方面能夠容易一點。本論文亦將探討其設計架構。
從應用的觀點來看，感測裝置可以整合在各種行動節點設備上，以提供人類便利的生活。從技術上看，無線感測網路需透過多重跳躍 (multi-hop) 代傳機制的方式來傳送資料。在一般情況下，無線感測網路中每個感測節點所偵測到的資訊都會先傳至控制中心，再由控制中心做統一的處理。但有緊急事件需立即處理時，將通報訊息處理完畢後，這樣的路由就顯得相當的迂迴且不具時效。因此，無線感測網路中存在許多資訊以及服務，在要求服務之前，必須知道服務提供者的位址，資源找尋是獲得服務的首要步驟，當然服務的提供者也必須廣播其存在的資訊。在大型網路且節點稠密的網路型態下，大量廣播訊息不僅浪費網路頻寬，而且會導致節點額外電源消耗。因此，資源找尋機制之設計必須在效能, 如命中率 (hit rate) 與耗費 (如訊息量) 間取得平衡。
本論文提出簡單資源散播及找尋協定 (SRAD)，用於大型網路且節點稠密之無線感測網路。協定採用分散式架構，利用對等式快取資源以及策略式選擇轉送的資源尋找方式，來達到降低廣播訊息量，並可以保有一定的命中率。此外本論文亦提出一套資源管理方法，用於分散感測節點之間的儲存負荷並用以決定相關重要參數。由模擬結果顯示，相較於傳統使用洪氾法 (flooding) 做資訊找尋，本論文所提出的方法可以大量降低訊息傳送量，並快速找到資源所在處，同時維持一定的命中率。

Wireless sensor networks are typical wireless ad-hoc networks that consist of a large number of sensor nodes randomly deployed in an area of interest. With the recent advances in integrated circuit, digital signal processing, packet radio, wireless communications and other emerging technologies, their convergence makes it possible to construct wireless sensor networks. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the architecture and protocols used in wireless sensor networks for the need of various wireless sensing tasks in the near future.
We first propose in this dissertation a data-centric routing protocol for wireless sensor network applications. This protocol, called simple attribute-based addressing and GPS-aided routing (SABAGAR), is designed to be implemented easily to provide the basis for commercially successful products. Sensor nodes may have no global identifications because the number of sensors can be large, hence, attribute-based addressing and broadcast communication paradigm can be used to facilitate data acquisition. However, broadcasting simply by flooding usually results in serious redundancy and endlessly looping packets, and thus degrades the network performance. To deal with this problem, we present a position-vector-based (PVB) algorithm for the SABAGAR protocol. And then, this dissertation provides detailed simulation results to support the proposed protocol design.
Some event-driven network simulators, e.g., ns-2, are useful for wireless network simulations. However, it is not easy to use them to model a sensor network with attribute-based addressing and data-centric routing. In order to evaluate the SABAGAR protocol for data-centric sensor network, we have developed a simulator by extending the functionality of simjava which is a process-based discrete event simulation API library for Java, with animation facilities.
From the application's point of view, advertisement and discovery of named resources or services are expected to be crucial features for sensor network applications. To assure service availability, a mechanism for simple service advertisement and discovery must be available in sensor networks. Hence, a content-based service positioning protocol must be designed and tuned to fit well with the underlying routing protocol. In large and dense sensor network environments, a large number of resource discovery queries may be generated when specific resources or services are needed. In order to effectively utilize the limited bandwidth of the networks, and save power energy of sensor nodes, the design for resource discovery protocols should take both the operational cost and the network performance into account.
In this dissertation, we also propose a simple resource advertisement and discovery (SRAD) protocol for wireless sensor networks. The SRAD protocol self-organizes a proximity network and works in a fully distributed architecture without centralized control and management to prevent performance bottleneck. In addition, a resource description and management scheme is also devised to share loads among mobile nodes. The simulation results show that the SRAD protocol can achieve the same level of performance as in the broadcast-based protocols while generating fewer transmitted messages in large and dense wireless sensor networks.

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