可再生能源的發展為電力的產生，傳輸和分配開闢了新的視野。由於其全球性的豐富性，環境友好性，電力電子設備的進步以及政府領導人，政策制定者和利益相關者致力於減少溫室氣體，獨立和並網的可再生能源（太陽能，風能，沼氣等）的排放的承諾。 ）在當今非常主流。其中風能和太陽能光伏電池（PV）最受歡迎。風能和光伏能源的局限性主要表現在其間歇性上，這會影響輸出功率的平穩性。這是無法忍受的，尤其是對於那些對功率波動非常敏感的，具有先進而精密的電子和數字組件的工業負載和機器。
因此，基於電力電子和數字的敏感負載的發展推動了電力公司對電力質量問題的投入。可能由於故障條件，負載切換，變壓器通電或高度間歇性能源（例如風能和光伏系統）的集成而發生電壓擾動。本論文解決了電能質量問題，研究了與獨立風力發電系統，並網光伏發電系統和並網光伏-風電混合發電系統相連的靈敏負載的電壓質量如何提高。可再生能源增加。為此，使用了動態電壓恢復器（DVR），它是用於降低電能質量的最佳綜合柔性交流傳輸系統（FACTS）設備之一。
DVR的控制系統具有四個主要階段，例如檢測，參考生成，電壓和電流控制與調製。對於檢測，結合使用均方根（RMS）和dq0分量測量，並使用基於同步參考幀（SRF）的dq0測量方法生成參考。電壓和電流控制通過使用比例積分（PI）控制器完成，最後，調製技術通過正弦脈衝寬度調製（SPWM）完成。由於其具有恢復幅度和相位失真的能力，因此使用了故障前或預垂度補償策略。電池和SMES的充電，放電和能量存儲狀態基於其充電狀態（SOC）值和公共耦合點（PCC）的電壓驟降/驟升檢測來控制。對於所有建議的系統，使用故障電阻變化考慮具有不同深度的對稱和不對稱電壓驟降/驟升情況。在所有情況下，建議的DVR都會迅速增加電壓波動。仿真和演示是使用電力系統計算機輔助設計或包括DC（PSCAD / EMTDC）軟件的電磁暫態進行的。

關鍵字: 轉換器 、動態電壓恢復器、儲能係統、電能質量、可再生能源

The development of renewable energy sources has paved a new horizon to the generation, transmission and distribution of the electrical power. Due to its’ worldwide abundant nature, environmental friendliness, advancement of power electronic devices and commitment of government leaders, policy makers and stakeholders to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas, standalone and grid-tied renewable energy sources (solar, wind, biogas etc.) are very mainstream now-a-days. Among them wind and solar photovoltaic cell (PV) are the most popular. The limitations behind wind and PV energy sources were manifested mainly from their intermittent nature which affect the smoothness of the output power. This is unbearable, especially for those industrial loads and machines having advanced and sophisticated electronic and digital components which are very sensitive for power fluctuation.
Due to this, the advancement of power electronic and digital based sensitive loads drive the power utilities’ devotion to power quality issues. The voltage disturbance could be happening due to fault conditions, switching of loads, energizing of transformers, or integration of highly intermittent energy sources such as wind and PV systems. This dissertation addresses the problems of power quality issues and investigates the enhancement of the voltage quality of a sensitive load connected to standalone wind power system, a grid-integrated PV system and grid tied PV-wind hybrid power system so that the effective utilization of these renewable energy sources increased. To do so, a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is used which is one of the best comprehensive flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) device that is used for power quality mitigation.
For standalone wind power system, the proposed DVR doesn’t have an energy storage system, whereas for the others the DVR have energy storage devices. For the grid integrated PV system, the proposed DVR have battery energy storage (BES) and for the grid-tied hybrid PV-wind power system the DVR have BES and super magnetic energy storage (SMES) devices. System integration and controlling of the PV power system were done using the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and DC voltage control modes in order to safeguard the DC link capacitor and the voltage source converter (VSC) from over voltage and current impacts. The two control modes can be chosen alternatively based on the priority of active or reactive power demand of the grid in addition to the protection of DC link capacitor and VSC.

The controlling system of the DVR has four major stages such as detection, reference generation, voltage and current control and modulation. For detection, root mean square (RMS) and dq0 component measurement are used in combination and synchronous reference frame (SRF) based dq0 measurement method is used for reference generation. Voltage and current control are done by using proportional integral (PI) controller and finally the modulation technique is done using sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM). Pre-fault or pre-sag compensation strategy is used due to its capability to restore both magnitude and phase distortions. The charging, discharging and energy storing state of the battery and SMES are controlled based on its state-of-charge (SOC) value and the voltage sag/swell detection at the point of common coupling (PCC). For all proposed systems, symmetrical and asymmetrical voltage sag/swell scenarios are considered with different depths using fault resistance variation. In all cases, the proposed DVR enhanced the voltage fluctuation promptly. The simulation and demonstration is carried out using Power System Computer-aided Design or Electromagnetic Transient including DC (PSCAD/EMTDC) software.

Keywords: Converters; Dynamic voltage restorer; Energy storage systems; Power quality; Renewable energy sources

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