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研究生： 葉庭宏
Ting-hung Yeh
論文名稱： 以FPGA實作被動同調定位系統之多重路徑干擾消除
FPGA Implementation of Multipath Interference Cancellation for Passive Coherent Location Systems
指導教授： 劉馨勤
Hsin-Chin Liu
口試委員: 焦興也
none
謝清淞
none
廖文照
Wen-Jiao Liao
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電資學院 - 電機工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年： 2011
畢業學年度： 99
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 76
中文關鍵詞： 被動同調定位 、雙站被動雷達 、到達角度法 、可適性演算法 、干擾消除 、DSP 、FPGA
外文關鍵詞： PCL, bistatic passive radar, AOA, adaptive algorithm, interference cancellation, DSP, FPGA
相關次數： 點閱：232  下載：0 
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    • 本論文使用被動同調定位系統偵測未知空中目標物，採用非合作式商業廣播訊號為傳送端之訊號源。為了找到未知目標物，本論文結合了到達角度法(AOA)和到達時差法(TDOA)的資訊。一般來說，在被動同調定位系統下，接收端所收到的訊號為目標反射訊號和雜波干擾訊號，而目標反射訊號之功率通常比雜波干擾訊號還要小很多。故需要消除接收端的干擾訊號，才能更精確地得到模稜函數輸出。
    本論文使用DSP與FPGA實作到達角度法之多重訊號分辨演算法(MUSIC)。對於雜波干擾消除，本論文探討最小均方法(LMS)、正規化最小均方法(NLMS)和廣義消除演算法(ECA)等演算法。由於硬體的限制，本論文於FPGA實作NLMS演算法。
    我們模擬參考訊號和雜波訊號，並做實驗驗證演算法實現之效能，而實驗的結果對於抑制雜波干擾有不錯效能。

    This work investigates airborne target detection using a passive coherent location system, which use non-cooperative commercial broadcast signals as its transmitter sources. To locate the unknown targets, we jointly combine Angle-of-Arrival and Time-Difference-of-Arrival information. Generally, a receiver in a passive coherent location system receives the reflected target signals and the interference of clutter. The prior is usually much weaker than the latter. To obtain an accurate output of Ambiguity function, we must cancel the interference from receiver.
    We estimate the Angle-of-Arrival information by applying Multiple Signal Classification algorithm, which is implemented using FPGA and DSP.
    As to the interference of clutter cancellation for Ambiguity functio we investigate some algorithms including least mean square, normalized least mean square, and extensive cancellation algorithm. Because of the limit of hardware, we select the normalized least mean square algorithm for FPGA implementation.
    We perform some experiments by emulating reference and clutter signal to verify the functionality of the algorithm implementation. The empirical results demonstrate satisfactory performances of interference suppression.

    致謝................................................I 摘要...............................................II ABSTRACT..........................................III 目錄...............................................IV 圖目錄.............................................VI 表目錄.............................................IX 第1章 緒論..........................................1 1.1 引言..........................................1 1.2 研究動機與目地................................2 1.3 內容章節概述..................................3 第2章 文獻探討......................................4 2.1 到達角度定位法簡介............................4 2.1.1 多重訊號分辨(MUSIC)演算法.................5 2.2 訊號模型與模稜函數............................7 2.2.1 數位電視訊號(DVB-T)模型...................7 2.2.2 匹配濾波器................................9 2.2.3 模稜函數..................................9 2.3 雜波消除技術探討與比較.......................12 2.3.1 數學模型.................................13 2.3.2 LMS多路徑干擾消除機制....................13 2.3.3 NLMS多路徑干擾消除機制...................15 2.3.4 ECA多路徑干擾消除機制....................15 第3章 模擬與分析...................................20 3.1 MUSIC演算法模擬..............................20 3.1.1 訊號源個數估測與訊號入射角估測...........20 3.1.2 兩訊號源可估測之最小夾角.................28 3.2 可適性雜波消除演算法模擬.....................33 第4章 系統實作與量測...............................36 4.1 實作MUSIC演算法..............................36 4.1.1 系統架構.................................36 4.1.2 增益與相位校正...........................37 4.1.3 MUSIC演算法..............................43 4.1.4 實驗結果.................................46 4.2 實作可適性NLMS雜波消除.......................52 4.2.1 系統架構.................................52 4.2.2 可適性NLMS演算法.........................55 4.2.3 複數訊號分析.............................57 4.2.4 實驗結果.................................58 4.3 硬體限制及問題解決...........................61 4.3.1 FPGA之DSP48 SLICE限制....................61 4.3.2 ADC與DAC所能接收到的訊號大小限制.........61 4.3.3 SDRAM限制................................62 4.3.4 BIT檔無法正確燒錄........................62 第5章 結論與未來展望...............................63 參考文獻...........................................65

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