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研究生: 王韻凱
Yun-kai Wang
論文名稱: 脫酸大豆油脫色過程中過氧化物值變化之研究
Variation of Peroxide Value in Water-degummed and Alkali-refined Soy Oil during Bleaching Process
指導教授: 林俊一
Chun-I Lin
口試委員: 李振綱
none
林坤成
none
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 化學工程系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 127
中文關鍵詞: 大豆油過氧化物值脫色再生白土
外文關鍵詞: Peroxide value, Bleaching, Regenerated clay, Soy oil
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本實驗中,將廢白土置於方形高溫爐中,在空氣流量中為5 mL/s,溫度為500℃及時間為50分鐘的條件下煆燒,使它成為再生白土。利用感應耦合電漿質譜儀、X光繞射分析儀、掃描式電子顯微鏡、表面積測定儀、密度測量儀、水份天平及pH計對活性白土及再生白土進行組成分析及物理性質之觀察或測定。
接著,以再生白土為吸附劑在氮氣流下,對脫酸大豆油進行脫色。以氧化還原滴定的方式量測出脫色前及脫色後油中的過氧化物值。探究操作變數對過氧化物值變化的影響。
過氧化物值變化的動力學研究結果顯示:在氮氣流下、降低白土粉粒大小、提高過氧化物初始濃度、提高白土/油比值、提高攪拌速率或提高吸附溫度都可提升大豆油中過氧化物值的下降速率。而改變氮氣流量或白土含水量時,過氧化物值的下降速率不會受到影響。
根據實驗數據所迴歸出的油中過氧化物值變化的方程式為:

Ln(C/C0)=-1.523×10^8×exp(-45,000/RT)×d^-0.988×(C0/-0.4+0.7×(C0))×r2^1.605×s^0.805×t^0.5


Spent clay was regenerated in a box furnace under the following conditions : air flowrate 5 mL/s, temperature 500℃ and time 50 min. The composition and physical properties of the activated clay and the regenerated clay were determined by an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a surface area meter, a density meter, a moisture determination balance, and a pH meter, respectively.
The regenerated clay thus produced was employed in bleaching water-degummed and alkali-refined soy oil. Peroxide values in the oil before and after bleaching were determined by oxidation- reduction titration. The influences of operation variables on the variation rate of peroxide value were investigated.
Experimental results indicated that the peroxide value in the oil was found to be reduced monotonically with bleaching time. The rate of reduction was increased by bleaching in nitrogen steam, decreasing particle size of clay or increasing initial peroxide value, ratio of clay/oil, agitation speed or bleaching temperature. The flow rate of nitrogen stream or water content of clay, however, was found not to influence the rate.
Based on the data obtained, the expression of variation of peroxide value was regressed as

Ln(C/C0)=-1.523×10^8×exp(-45,000/RT)×d^-0.988×(C0/-0.4+0.7×(C0))×r2^1.605×s^0.805×t^0.5

目 錄 中文摘要 Ι 英文摘要 II 誌謝 III 目錄 IV 圖表索引 VIII 第一章緒論 1 第二章文獻回顧 4 2-1 廢白土再生 4 2-1-1 白土簡介 4 2-1-2 化學再生法 5 2-1-3 溶劑再生法 6 2-1-4 加熱再生法 6 2-2 過氧化物值的分析方法 8 2-3 脫色過程中過氧化物值的變化 9 2-4 脫色過程中操作變數對脫色速率的影響 11 2-5 脫色速率式 15 第三章實驗部份 18 3-1 藥品、氣體及吸附劑 18 3-1-1 藥品 18 3-1-2 氣體 19 3-1-3 吸附劑 19 3-2 實驗儀器及設備 19 3-2-1 廢白土再生裝置 20 3-2-2 活性白土和再生白土組成及物性測定儀器 22 3-2-3 脫色實驗裝置 25 3-2-4 過氧化物值測定儀器 31 3-2-5 其他儀器與設備 33 3-3 實驗原理或步驟 35 3-3-1 廢白土的再生 35 3-3-2 感應耦合電漿質譜儀之分析 36 3-3-3 X光繞射儀之分析 37 3-3-4 掃描式電子顯微鏡之分析 38 3-3-5 表面積測定儀之分析 39 3-3-6 密度測定儀之分析 40 3-3-7 水份天平之分析 41 3-3-8 活性白土與再生白土的pH值 41 3-3-9 脫色實驗 42 3-3-10 過氧化物值之分析 43 3-3-10-1 滴定液的配製及標定 44 3-3-10-2 電位差自動滴定儀之分析 48 3-4 實驗工作項目 47 3-4-1 未加吸附劑時大豆油中過氧化物值隨時間的變化 48 3-4-1-1 將油置於4℃的冰箱中,油中過氧化物值隨時間的變化 48 3-4-1-2 真空下,油中過氧化物值隨時間的變化 48 3-4-1-3 氮氣流下,油中過氧化物值隨時間的變化 48 3-4-2 加吸附劑時大豆油中過氧化物隨時間的變化 49 3-4-3 脫色氣氛的影響 49 3-4-4 白土粉粒大小的影響 50 3-4-5 白土含水量的影響 50 3-4-6 過氧化物初始濃度的影響 50 3-4-7 白土/油比值的影響 51 3-4-8 攪拌速率的影響 51 3-4-9 脫色溫度的影響 51 3-4-10 過氧化物值變化速率式 52 第四章結果與討論 53 4-1活性白土及再生白土的組成和物性測定 53 4-1-1 感應耦合電漿質譜儀之測定結果 53 4-1-2 X光繞射儀之測定結果 55 4-1-3 掃描式電子顯微鏡之分析結果 57 4-1-4 表面積測定儀之測定結果 58 4-1-5 密度測定儀及水份天平之測定結果 59 4-1-6 活性白土及再生白土的pH值 60 4-2未加吸附劑時大豆油中過氧化物值隨時間的變化 61 4-2-1 將油置於4℃冰箱中,油中過氧化物值隨時間的變化 61 4-2-2 真空下,油中過氧化物值隨時間的變化 62 4-2-3 氮氣流下,油中過氧化物值隨時間的變化 63 4-3 過氧化物值變化動力學 65 4-3-1 脫色氣氛的影響 66 4-3-2 白土粉粒大小的影響 76 4-3-3 白土含水量的影響 77 4-3-4 過氧化物初始濃度的影響 77 4-3-5 白土/油比值的影響 78 4-3-6 攪拌速率的影響 79 4-3-7 脫色溫度的影響 80 4-3-8 過氧化物值變化速率式 78 4-4再生白土的吸附效率與再生效率 92 第五章 結論 96 參考文獻 98 附錄一:實驗數據 105 附錄二:判定係數的定義及求法 116 附錄三:過氧化物值分析之注意事項 119 附錄四:實驗數據的線性回歸程式 120 附錄五:實驗數據的非線性迴歸程式 121 附錄六:非線性迴歸原理及求法 123 作者簡介 127

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