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Author: 陳勇君
Yung-Chun Chen
Thesis Title: RFID 標籤之可調適反碰撞辨識機制
Adaptive Anti-Collision Mechanism for RFID Tag Identification
Advisor: 羅乃維
Nai-Wei Lo
Committee: 吳宗成
Tzong-Chen Wu
賴源正
Yuan-Cheng Lai
雷欽隆
Chin-Laung Lei
何煒華
Wei-Hua He
Degree: 博士
Doctor
Department: 管理學院 - 資訊管理系
Department of Information Management
Thesis Publication Year: 2014
Graduation Academic Year: 102
Language: 中文
Pages: 99
Keywords (in Chinese): 反碰撞標籤識別無線射頻識別技術(RFID)多元樹
Keywords (in other languages): K-ary Tree, RFID, Tag Identification, Anti-Collision
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  • 無論在小型或者大型RFID 應用系統中,所有的讀取器(Reader)與標籤(Tag)之間的通訊都是透過共享單一無線通訊頻道來進行。因此當讀取器執行所謂標籤識別程序(Tag Identification Process)來嘗試收集該讀取器無線通訊審訊區域範圍內所有標籤的識別碼(ID)過程時候,將會產生大量標籤與讀取器之間的訊號碰撞 (Signal Collision)現象發生,此現象通常會導致標籤識別之時間、頻寬、能量以及效能的浪費與衝擊。為了解決這種標籤訊號碰撞問題,本論文設計一個更有效率的標籤識別通訊協定(Tag Identification Protocol)來同時改善該標籤識別程序的識別延遲(Identification Delay)與通訊負擔(Communication Overhead),我們主要運用多元樹(K-ary Tree)之原理與架構來事先取得為何在目前的標籤查詢運算(Tag Inquiry Operation)中會發生訊號碰撞的屬性原因資訊,進而解析與改善此訊號碰撞的問題,本方法跟已存在的學術研究不同,過去他們通常會強調在每一個完整審訊時間區隔(Interrogation Time Period)中,如何辨識與判斷是否發生標籤識別訊號碰撞現象。然而我們則事先取得並且運用這些有價值的訊號碰撞前置(Prefix)屬性原因資訊,所以在一個標籤識別審訊會談(Tag Identification Session)中,將可以大量降低標籤識別訊號碰撞的次數頻率,同時也可以避免所有標籤處於通訊等待Idle 狀態。最後,我們也透過嚴謹的實驗效能量化結果,證明本論文所提出的標籤識別通訊協定確實優於目前其他同樣運用 Tree-Based多元樹原理的既有標籤識別通訊協定。


    In large scale RFID systems, all of the communications between readers and tags are via a shared wireless channel. When a reader intends to collect all IDs from numerous existing tags, a tag identification process is invoked by the reader to collect the tags’ IDs. This phenomenon results in tag-to-reader signal collisions which may suppress the system performance greatly. To solve this problem, we design an efficient tag identification protocol in which a significant gain is obtained in terms of both identification delay and communication overhead. A k-ary tree based abstract is adopted in our proposed tag identification protocol as underlying architecture for collision resolution. Instead of just recognizing whether tag collision happens at each interrogation time period, the reader can further obtain the reason of why the collision occurs in the current tag inquiry operation. With this valuable information, we can reduce tag signal collisions significantly and at the same time avoid all of the tag idle scenarios during a tag identification session. The rigorous performance analysis and evaluation show that our proposed tag identification protocol outperforms existing tree based schemes.

    中文摘要 I Abstract III 誌 謝 IV 目 次 VI 圖 目 次 VIII 表 目 次 X 1. 簡介 1 1.1. RFID標籤識別效能標準 1 1.2. RFID標籤識別通訊協定分類 3 1.3. 章節架構 8 2. RFID應用範例情境 9 2.1. 機場行李檢查系統之應用情境 9 2.2. 庫存管理系統之應用情境 10 2.3. 物流商品追蹤系統之應用情境 11 3. A-TAP 標籤識別通訊協定 (New Tag Identification Protocol) 13 3.1. 名詞與符號定義 13 3.2. A-TAP反碰撞標籤識別通訊協定程序說明 16 3.3. A-TAP範例實作說明 31 4. A-TAP效能分析 54 4.1. A-TAP 通訊協定之符號定義 54 4.2. A-TAP:論點Lemma (1) 數學公式之說明 56 4.3. A-TAP:論點Lemma (1) 數學公式之證明 56 4.4. A-TAP:論點Lemma (2) 數學公式之說明 59 4.5. A-TAP:定理Theorem (1) 數學公式之推論與證明 60 4.6. A-TAP:定理Theorem (2) 數學公式之推論與證明 62 4.7. A-TAP效能分析之因素相關性 66 5. A-TAP效能評估比較 68 5.1. 效能評估比較實驗參數說明 68 5.2. 實驗(一):A-TAP【 i值】的效能影響 71 5.3. 實驗(二):A-TAP與其他通訊協定之效能比較 75 5.4. 實驗(三):A-TAP【標籤數量】與【標籤長度】的效能影響 81 6. 結論 87 7. 參考文獻 89 8. 附錄 94 8.1. 作者簡介 94 8.2. 著作清單 98

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