台灣因地理環境特殊，成為天然災害頻繁的地區，經常遭受地震或颱風等自然災害的侵襲，造成重大人員傷亡及鉅大財物損失，再加上全球暖化效應引發的極端氣候事件不斷，導致災害發生頻率及嚴重程度持續增加，爰此，災害防救不僅是政府施政的環境議題，亦是國人必頇審慎面對之生活課題。為能喚起全民危機意識及對社區安全的重視，政府積極推廣以社區為主體的防救災體系，期藉由民眾自發主動參與及合作，落實具體防災整備作為，強化地方基層之防救災能量。社區防災在美、日已發展多年，其目的在於強調災害風險透明化，透過專業知識與技術之轉移，掌握潛在災害威脅；同時藉由公民參與防救災事務的過程，培養災害緊急應變的能力。我國雖已形成社區防災之推動風氣，但防災主體中之社區民眾尚未能與政府推動的腳步接軌，以致推動執行成效不彰之情形發生，故社區防災理論與實務之探討益形重要。本研究採質性個案研究，運用參與觀察法，蒐集相關資料及行動研究的反思等方法進行實證探究，輔以研究者實地參與協助社區防災之工作經驗，觀察案例社區進行防災整備之過程，分別從因應策略面、運籌管理面及組織行為面三大主軸擴展歸納影響都會層級社區災害防救工作推動之關鍵成功因素，並據以提出改善雛議，作為未來相關單位推動社區防災與發展策略之參酌。

Due to special geographical environment, Taiwan is a natural disaster-prone area, which is often suffered from earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters, resulting in heavy casualties and huge property losses. Furthermore, effect of global warming increases extreme climate events and leads natural disasters happened frequency and severity. Therefore, disaster prevention and response is not only an important issue of government policy, but also a critical issue of people’s life. To arouse people's sense of crisis and importance of community safety, our government promotes community disaster prevention system actively. Rather than over-reliance on government assistance, the spontaneous participation and co-operation by people can complete specific disaster preparedness and reinforce local energy of disaster prevention and response. Disaster resistant community has developed over the years in the United States and Japan. The purpose is emphasizing the transparency of disaster risk and through expertise and technology transfer to identify potential disaster threats. At the same time, citizens’ participation in disaster prevention can enhance emergency response abilities. Although disaster resistant community has developed for a period of time, citizens in the community can't keep up the pace of government, which may decrease the effectiveness of disaster resistant community. So, the study of theory and practice of urban disaster resistant community become an important issue. This article is a qualitative case study, which uses the participant observation method to collect relevant information of action research self-reflection for empirical inquiry. Particularly, this article is also supplemented by service work experience in disaster resistant community by researcher. According to observation of case community with process of disaster prevention and preparedness, we can identify the critical success factors (CSFs) affecting the level of community-based disaster prevention and protection works. The CSFs are discussed through three spindle extractions respectively, which are coping strategy level, operations management level and organizational behavior level. Based on the result of this study, we will make conclusions suggestions for improving disaster resistant community strategies.

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