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研究生: 郭錦崑
Chin-kun Kuo
論文名稱: 利用當量分子莫耳來探討無機聚合物之最佳配比設計
Studies the inorganic polymer using the equivalent member of molecular produced synthesis with the best allocated proportion design
指導教授: 黃兆龍
Chao-Lung Hwang
口試委員: 黃忠信
none
彭耀南
none
鄭大偉
none
陳君弢
none
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 營建工程系
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年: 2012
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 127
中文關鍵詞: 無機聚合物鹼溶液S-A-M三相圖特性三相圖微結構配比設計SEM/EDSRRS
外文關鍵詞: Inorganic polymer, alkaline solution, S-A-M three phase diagrams, characteristic three phase diagrams, microstructure, allocated proportion design, SEM/EDS, RRS
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  無機聚合物是利用鹼溶液將富含Si與Al離子之礦物,經由溶解與聚合反應而形成類似天然沸石之新穎環保材料,此材料研發主要目的在取代高污染之水泥材料,減少耗能與CO2之排放。本研究為相關性研究法,利用樣品中最佳成分與分子莫耳數比例,獲得最佳化之配比設計公式與品質控管三相圖。本研究結果利用樣品中取得主要元素SiO2、Al2O、與M2O 之最佳配比當量 (比例為 0.31:0.33:0.35) S-A-M三相圖,作為品質控管之第一指標。最佳配比公式是將量化後之分子莫耳數帶入結構平衡與離子電價平衡得出。依反應之效益,按比率或權重,求得 SiO2/Al2O, Al2O/M2O, L/S (0.9, 0.93, 0.5) 特性三相圖作為品質控管第二指標。利用SEM/EDS可判讀微結構之型式或殘存之陽離子數。RRS325與RRS875光譜儀皆無法有效激發反應中新生官能基,但在反應後30分鐘出現一組T-O-T之非對稱伸縮振動光譜。由過去文獻資料比對本研究之結果是相當吻合,顯示本研究論點與配比設計公式可供日後運用在最佳配比設計使用。


Inorganic polymer is a natural zeolite-like modern environmental friendly materials synthesized from Si and Al ions dissolved in alkaline solution through hydrolysis and polymerization processes. It is aimed to substitute traditional cement materials, reduce resources consumption, and CO2 emission which are relatively contaminated to environment. This study used the correlational approach to examine the constituents and molecular mole ratio of the samples. Allocated proportion design formulas and a three-phase diagram for quality control are well established.This study suggests that the allocated equivalent of a S-A-M three-phase diagram of SiO2, Al2O, and M2O (ratio 0.31:0.33:0.35) can be served as the first step of quality control. The best allocated formulas were derived by calculating molecular moles, structure balance, and ionic equivalent. A characteristics three-phase diagram (SiO2/Al2O, Al2O/M2O, L/S (0.9, 0.93, 0.5)) derived from reaction efficiency, ratio, and weighting can be implemented as the second step of quality control. The microstructure or residual cations can be interpreted using SEM/EDS instrument. Both RRS325 and RRS875 spectroscopes are unable to excite new radical efficiently but a T-O-T asymmetric stretching vibration was detected for another 30 minutes of reaction. The results of this research agree with former literatures data. The theory and allocated proportion design formulas derived in this research may be implemented in the further optimal allocated proportion designs.

摘  要I 致  謝III 論文目錄V 表目錄VIII 圖目錄IX 第一章 緒論1 1.1 研究背景1 1.2 研究動機1 1.3 研究內容與目的2 1.4 研究可能之預期結果2 1.5 論文內容3 第二章 文獻回顧4 2.1 前言4 2.2 無機聚合物之發展沿革4 2.3 本研究使用之無機物聚合物材料特性5 2.3.1 溶質(Solute)-高嶺土與變高嶺土(Kaolin & Metakaolinite)5 2.3.2 溶劑1-鹼性溶液(Alkaline, NaOH)6 2.3.3 溶劑2-鹼金屬矽酸鹽溶液(Alkaline Aluminosilicate,Na2SiO3)7 2.4 無機聚合物反應機制原理與成型結構種類8 2.4.1 無機聚合物反應機制原理8 2.4.2 無機聚合物之結構種類10 2.5 無機聚合物成型影響因素11 2.5.1 溶質材料高嶺土之選擇與前置處理11 2.5.2 鹼激發劑之種類與濃度之影響11 2.5.3 鹼激發劑PH值與濃度之影響13 2.5.4 鹼金屬矽酸塩溶液添加量與種類之影響13 2.5.5 液固比之影響(L/S)14 2.5.6 水份含量多寡的影響14 2.5.7 養護溫度與持溫影響14 2.5.8 矽鈉莫耳比(SiO2/M2O)之影響15 2.5.9 顆粒尺寸與組構之影響15 2.5.10 成型溫度與壓力之影響16 第三章 研究原理與流程24 3.1 本研究原理、方法與流程圖之介紹24 3.1.1 研究原理24 3.1.2 研究構思與邏輯24 3.1.3 研究流程圖25 3.1.4 資料分析流程圖25 3.2 實驗材料(Materials)25 3.2.1溶質材料(Solute)26 3.2.2 鹼溶液(Solvent)26 3.2.3鹼金屬矽酸鈉溶液(Na2SiO3)27 3.3 試驗計劃與配比設計27 3.4 實驗步驟與使用儀器28 3.5 無機聚合物之物化性質試驗與使用儀器與設備29 3.5.1感應藕合電漿原子放射光譜儀試驗目的,方法,使用儀器(Inductively Coupled Plasm Atomic Emission Spectrometry, ICP-AES)29 3.5.2熱差與質差分析試驗目的,方法與使用儀器(Thermogravimetry & Differential Scanning Calorimeter ,DSC, TGA/DTA)30 3.5.3 X光繞射分析儀試驗目的,方法與使用儀器(X-ray Diffraction, XRD)31 3.5.4 超音波試驗目的,方法與使用儀器(Ultrasonic Spectrometry)31 3.5.5 阿太堡液限試驗(Liquid-Limit Test)32 3.5.6掃描式電子顯微鏡與能量散射光譜儀之試驗目的,方法與使用儀器(Scanning Electron Microscopy & Energy Dispersive Spectrometer, SEM/EDS)32 3.5.7 雷射拉曼光譜儀(Raser Raman Spectrum, RRS)32 3.5.8 本研究樣品基本物理性質試驗33 第四章 結果與討論51 4.1樣品前置處理與成型樣品相關物理性質之探討(LL, THERMAL ANALYSIS, X- RAY, ICP)51 4.1.1. 感應藕合電漿原子放射光譜儀分析(ICP-AES)51 4.1.2 變高嶺土之液性與塑性試驗(LL & PL Test)51 4.1.3 無機聚合物樣品之晶相分析(X-ray)52 4.1.4 超音波試驗(Ultrasonic Spectrometry)52 4.1.5 本研究樣品基本物理性質試驗52 4.2 四大因子不同配比下之無機物聚合物抗壓強度結果與討論53 4.2.1鹼金屬矽酸鹽溶液與變高嶺土在不同重量比之(Na2SiO3/MK)影響評估-變數一53 4.2.2 鹼溶液與變高嶺土在不同重量比(NaOH/MK)之影響評估-變數二53 4.2.3 矽鈉比(SiO2/M2O)之影響評估-變數三54 4.2.4 液固比(L/S)影響評估-變數四54 4.2.5 四組變數下抗壓強度結果與討論55 4.3無機聚合物成份之正規化S-A-M三相圖(S-A-M 3-Phase of Geopolymers)56 4.4 聚合物之反應原理導引配比設計公式57 4.4.1 結構條件式Σ(SiO2/Al2O3) =§57 4.4.2 電價平衡式Σ(Al2O3/M2O) =£58 4.4.3 水解反應時最佳液固比58 4.5 無機物聚合物三維與二維特徵圖評估58 4.5.1 本研究試驗樣品三維特性圖58 4.5.2 本研究試驗樣品二維特性圖59 4.6相關文獻資料比對與評估59 4.6.1 鹼溶液溶出礦物中Si與Al陰離子之影響59 4.6.2 本研究與過去研究資料在S-A-M三相圖之比較60 4.6.3 本研究之配比設計公式與過去相關研究結果之比較60 4.6.4 本研究樣品與過去相關研究結果經正規化後之特徵圖比較62 4.7 樣品之半定量分析與品質檢測63 4.7.1 掃描式電子顯微鏡與能量散射光譜儀(SEM/EDS)試驗結果與討論64 4.7.2 雷射拉曼光譜儀(Raser Ramen Spectrum,RRS)試驗結果與討論65 第五章 結論與建議99 5.1 結論99 5.2 建議100 參考文獻101 附錄106

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