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研究生: 劉永章
MR. - AMNAJ PIPITVIJITRAKARN
論文名稱: 應用機器視覺於自動化倉儲系統之研究
The Study of Machine Vision to Guide the Automatic Operations of Warehouse Storage Machine System
指導教授: 唐永新
Yeong-Shin Tarng
口試委員: 王世仁
none
修芳仲
none
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 機械工程系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2007
畢業學年度: 95
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 125
中文關鍵詞: 機器視覺自動化
外文關鍵詞: machine vision, Autoamtic operations
相關次數: 點閱:237下載:5
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to study and demonstrate the standard operation procedure of an Automatic 4 Axis Machine System and with the additional Vision Control feature for the vision aided machine system to detect and define the different object sample which located in the operation area of machine system. Indeed is emphasis to the fundamental in the field of Opto-Mechatronics education teaching tool.

The parts of motion control system are developed by NI-Motion Software application and the combination of hardware devices as 4 motion drivers (CSIM CSD-203 / 2 phase step driver), a Universal Motion Interface accessory (NI UMI-7764 / 4 Axis Motion Wiring Connectivity M), a motion controller (NI PCI-7344 / 4Axis Servo/Step High Performance) and a voltage amplifier circuit to supply and control 3 DC actuators (2 DC motors and a pneumatic cylinder as a grabber). The Vision system is created by integration the image processing function of the color extraction and machine vision with the feature of pattern matching technique which are served by NI Vision Assistant module (NI-IMAQ for USB camera) and using one Web-Camera (FOTOCOM-Darkhorse / USB interface) to capture the image. The program to control system and main machine interface is completed by the software of National Instrument - LabVIEW version 8.0 that makes the operator easily to input commands to PC in controlling whole machine system through the 68-Pin Motion I/O transmission connector module until the motion and vision process control complete. The contribution of this tool is able to apply for education purpose and/or industrial applications purpose effectively.


Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to study and demonstrate the standard operation procedure of an Automatic 4 Axis Machine System and with the additional Vision Control feature for the vision aided machine system to detect and define the different object sample which located in the operation area of machine system. Indeed is emphasis to the fundamental in the field of Opto-Mechatronics education teaching tool.

The parts of motion control system are developed by NI-Motion Software application and the combination of hardware devices as 4 motion drivers (CSIM CSD-203 / 2 phase step driver), a Universal Motion Interface accessory (NI UMI-7764 / 4 Axis Motion Wiring Connectivity M), a motion controller (NI PCI-7344 / 4Axis Servo/Step High Performance) and a voltage amplifier circuit to supply and control 3 DC actuators (2 DC motors and a pneumatic cylinder as a grabber). The Vision system is created by integration the image processing function of the color extraction and machine vision with the feature of pattern matching technique which are served by NI Vision Assistant module (NI-IMAQ for USB camera) and using one Web-Camera (FOTOCOM-Darkhorse / USB interface) to capture the image. The program to control system and main machine interface is completed by the software of National Instrument - LabVIEW version 8.0 that makes the operator easily to input commands to PC in controlling whole machine system through the 68-Pin Motion I/O transmission connector module until the motion and vision process control complete. The contribution of this tool is able to apply for education purpose and/or industrial applications purpose effectively.

Table of Content Abstract ……………………………………………………………….. I Acknowledgement ……………………………………………………. II Table of Content ……………………………………………………… III Figure of Content ……………………………………………………... IV Chapter 1 – Introduction ……………………………………………… 1 1.1 Background and Motivation …………………………….. 1 1.2 Objective ………………………………………………... 2 1.3 Scope Outline ………………………………………........ 3 1.4 Accomplishment ………………………………………… 3 Chapter 2 – CAD Model and Part Structure ………………………….. 5 2.1 CAD Model …………………………………………….. 5 2.2 Part Structure ……………………………………………. 7 2.21 Object Sample ……………………………………. 7 2.22 Base Platform …………………………………….. 8 2.23 Crane Structure …………………………………... 9 2.24 Conveyor …………………………………………. 14 Chapter 3 – Introduction of Motor Device ……………………………. 18 3.1 Basic Motor Theory ……………………………………... 18 3.1.1 Magnetism ………………………………………... 19 3.1.2 Magnetic Propulsion within a Motor …………….. 22 3.1.3 Motor Basic Principles …………………………… 23 3.2 DC Motor ……………………………………………….. 25 3.2.1 DC Motor General Construction …………………. 26 3.2.2 Basic DC Motor Operation ………………………. 29 3.3 Stepping Motor ………………………………………….. 32 3.3.1 Feature of Stepping motor ……………………….. 33 3.3.2 Stepping Motor Advantages and Disadvantages …. 34 3.3.3 Stepper Motor Types …………………………….. 35 3.34 Stepping Motor General Construction …………… 38 (Hybrid type) 3.35 Principles of Operation …………………………... 39 3.36 Comparison between Stepping and Servo motor … 41 Chapter 4 – Electrical Module ………………………………………... 45 4.1 Motion Controller ……………………………………….. 47 4.1.1 Principle of Motion Controller PCI-7344 ………... 47 4.1.2 Motion I/O Connector ……………………………. 49 4.1.3 Specification of PCI-7344 controller …………….. 52 4.2 Motion Interface ………………………………………… 54 4.2.1 Principle of Motion Interface UMI-7764 ………… 54 4.2.2 Specification of UMI-7764 ………………………. 55 4.3 Stepping Driver …………………………………………. 59 4.3.1 Principle of constant-current drivers ……………... 59 4.3.2 Specification of 2 phase step driver CSD-203 …… 60 4.4 Voltage Amplifier Circuit ……………………………….. 62 Chapter 5 – Vision Module …………………………………………… 65 5.1 Software Application ……………………………………. 66 5.1.1 NI-Vision Assistant ………………………………. 66 5.1.2 NI-IMAQ for USB Cameras ……………………... 70 5.2 Hardware Application …………………………………... 77 5.2.1 Featured of FOTOCOM-Darkhorse / …………….. 77 USB interface 5.2.2 Web-Camera mounting location …………………. 79 5.2.3 Specification of web-Camera …………………….. 80 Chapter 6 - Program Control and Operations of Machine System …… 81 6.1 Program control …………………………………………. 82 6.1.1 Motion Control Programming ……………………. 83 6.1.2 Operation Procedure of Motion System ………….. 91 6.1.3 Image Processing Operation ……………………... 101 Chapter 7 - Conclusion and Future Plan ……………………………… 107 7.1 Conclusion ………………………………………………. 107 7.2 Future Plan ………………………………………………. 110 Reference ……………………………………………………………... 111 Appendix ……………………………………………………………… 114 Author Biography …………………………………………………….. 125

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