在具有移動匯集器的行動感測網路中，會根據當前匯集器的位置來選擇下一個節點。因此，相較於無線感測網路中的路由路徑，行動感測網路中的路由路徑必須經常更新。到目前為止，在各種情境下都各自有自己的協定設計，並無針對所有情況設計的路由協定。以下我們針對幾種情境做設計，第一種情境是匯集器帶有可用位置信息的預測路徑，本文提出了一種改進的無信標地理路由協定，由於僅利用了最短路徑來計算，因此能夠減少能耗。而第二種情境則是移動匯集器(mobile sink)和移動感測器(mobile sensors)的傳輸範圍並不相同，導致選定的下一個節點可能有無法被觸及的情況。為了解決這個問題，移動感測器需要廣播其位置和傳輸範圍。因此，只有可被觸及到的下一個候選節點才會回覆，這樣就可以避免選擇到無法被觸及的節點。

在先前提出的兩個協定中，位置信息是必需要知道的。在許多情況下，位置信息並不可用，因為全球定位系統需要大量的電能。針對沒有位置信息可以提供的情形下，我們採用鏈路質量指示器（LQI）來預測移動感測器到移動匯集器的距離，我們開發一個基於LQI的非地理信標路由（LQI-BLR）協定，找出可傳到的下一個節點。然而，LQI-BLR卻會帶來額外的延遲以及大量的控制封包。為了解決上述所提出的問題，我們進一步提出了一種新的協定，該協定利用LQI值和傳輸功率來預測距離和封包接收率（PRR），當這個機制選擇了下一個節點後，可以確保在沒有位置信息、龐大的封包和更長的延遲的情況下達到所訂定的目標。

當然，我們對這四種情況下提出的協定進行評估，並與文獻中的相關協定進行比較。最後，我們在專屬篇章中透過模擬、分析或分析和模擬的方法來驗證我們提出的協定。

In a mobile sensor network (MSN) with a mobile sink, it depends on the current location of the sink to choose the next hop. Therefore, routing paths must be updated frequently in an MSN than those in a wireless sensor network (WSN). Up to now, no routing protocols are designed for all cases. Explicitly, each case has its own protocol design. The first case is the one when the mobile sink has a predicted path with available location information. In this case, a modified beaconless geographical routing (BGR) protocol is proposed in this dissertation with a delayed sending time approach. It is able to reduce energy consumption because only the shortest path to the mobile sink is exploited. The second case is the one when the transmission ranges of the mobile sink and mobile sensors are not homogeneous, causing that a chosen next hop may not be reachable. To solve this problem, a mobile sensor needs to broadcast its position and its transmission range. Therefore, only a reachable candidate next hop will reply. It can avoid an unreachable next hop to be chosen.

In the previously proposed two protocols, the location information is mandatory. In many cases, location information is not available because a global positioning system (GPS) is considered to be power-hungry. In such a case, we employ a link quality indicator (LQI) to predict the distance of a mobile sensor to the mobile sink. We exploit an LQI-based non-geographical beaconless routing (LQI-BLR) protocol in this dissertation to search for the reachable next hop without location information. However, LQI-BLR works with contention and brings an additional delay inevitably and massive control packets. Therefore, we further propose a new protocol that exploits LQI values and transmission power to predict the distance and packet receive ratio (PRR) in this dissertation. Once a candidate next hop is chosen, it is guaranteedly reachable without location information, massive control packets, and a longer delay. This proposed protocol is designated for an MSN when the availability of the mobile sink is short and intermittent.

Of course, our proposed protocols in these four cases are evaluated and compared with the closely related protocols in the literature. The superiority of our proposed protocols over the closely related protocols is checked via a simulation approach, an analytical approach, or both analytical and simulation approaches in the dedicated chapter.

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