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研究生: 蔡孟穎
Meng-Ying Tsai
論文名稱: RFID靜態驗測系統之研發
A Study on RFID Static Test System
指導教授: 楊成發
Chang-Fa Yang
口試委員: 郭斯彥
Sy-Yen Kuo
周碩彥
Shuo-Yan Chou
陳俊良
Jiann-Liang Chen
林健維
Jiahn-Wei Lin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電機工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 113
中文關鍵詞: 無線射頻辨識靜態測試無反射實驗室無線射頻辨識系統開發
外文關鍵詞: RFID, Static Test, Chamber, RFID System Development
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  • 本論文探討無線射頻標籤量測系統之開發與研究,同時應用所開發量測系統進行商用無線射頻標籤的特性量測,並將研究中所開發中介軟體模組,配合相關技術展示所需,開發多種應用程式。
    所開發之量測系統架構於NSI球面近場量測實驗室,除了可以消除反射干擾之因素,更藉由NSI量測機構而能得到精確且一致之量測結果。為了驗證所開發系統可行性,在論文中以Alien無線射頻標籤進行大規模的量測與比較,並應用NSI 3-D模組提供量測結果分析所需之3-D圖形,討論可能影響量測的參數,同時在兼顧量測時間與正確性下開發實用的二維搜尋方法。
    針對市面上之商用無線射頻標籤,在本論文中亦針對其特性進行研究,提出包括涵蓋率、讀取時間、讀取數、平均RSSI與最大可讀取距離等參數特性。在系統中除可量測單一無線射頻標籤之特性,同時也支援量測多個無線射頻標籤,可針對群組讀取所有無線射頻標籤(Detect All),群組讀取任一無線射頻標籤(Detect Any),或是個別無線射頻標籤之特性分別進行分析(Detect Each),所得之無線射頻標籤量測結果,可提供無線射頻標籤在實務應用時對不同環境的應用所需之建議,並提供無線射頻標籤開發及製造業者在實測應用上的評估報告,做為進一步改善無線射頻標籤設計與製造流程所需之特性衡量數據。
    最後以所開發的中介軟體建立多種應用展示程式,包括智慧型書架、POS系統、人員定位系統及智慧型導盲杖系統,結合理論與實際應用於生活中。研究中所取得之設計參數,可針對未來新開發的無線射頻標籤應用系統,提供一個有效建議,並取得優化的軟體參數。


    This thesis is to develop and study RFID Static Test System and utilize this test system to survey commercial tags characteristics. We also develop variety of RFID applications based on this middleware system developed for this thesis for related technical demonstration needs.
    The RFID static test system is developed upon NSI 3-D Spherical Near-Field Chamber system. In the anechoic chamber environment, we can eliminate reflection interference to get accurate and consistency measurement result by NSI measurement system. In this thesis, we perform a plenty of measurements and compare their result based on Alien tags in order to verify RFID static test system. It also utilizes NSI 3-D software modules to render 3-D graphic and visualize the measurement result for analysis purpose. We discuss the possible parameters that impact the measurement results and develop practical binary search algorithm for compromising between total measurement time spent and measurement accuracy while performing minimum power search.
    The thesis study characteristics for commercial tags and provide the tag characteristic parameters, such as, coverage, time spent to detect tag, number of tag reads, average RSSI, and tag readable range. The developed test system can measure not only single tag in the field but also multiple tags in the field. We can study tag characteristic based on all of multiple tags, any of multiple tags, or each of multiple tags. We can also provide this static test result for suggestion on applying tags to different environments and for preparation evaluation report on tag design and manufacture process improvement and reference.
    At the end of this thesis, we also introduce variety of RFID demonstration applications, including intelligent bookshelf, POS system, person position system and intelligent cane for blind, based on this middleware system that developed for this thesis to combine of theory and practice, and then apply in the real life. We can also provide effective suggestion and get a set of better measurement parameters from the parameters design in this thesis for future new development static test system.

    第 1 章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 文獻回顧 2 1.3 研究內容 3 1.4 章節概述 3 第 2 章 靜態測試 5 2.1 前言 5 2.2 量測環境 6 2.3 標準規範 9 2.4 量測方法 14 2.4.1 量測方法說明 14 2.4.2 決定量測參數 15 2.4.3 決定量測時間 19 2.4.4 決定尋找最低啓動無線射頻標籤功率演算法 21 2.4.5 單一或每個無線射頻標籤特性說明 25 2.4.6 群組無線射頻標籤特性說明 26 2.4.7 評估無線射頻標籤最大可讀取距離 28 2.4.8 多個無線射頻標籤模式之量測驗證 29 2.5 系統架構與說明 30 2.5.1 實體架構 30 2.5.2 系統架構 32 2.5.3 軟體架構 33 第 3 章 無線射頻標籤量測方法 36 3.1 前言 36 3.2 量測功能 36 3.3 量測參數 45 3.3.1 量測角度 45 3.3.2 極化 47 3.3.3 輸出功率 47 3.3.4 靈敏度 49 3.3.5 RF Mode Index 51 3.3.6 Session 52 3.3.7 Tag Population 53 3.3.8 Tag Transit Time 55 3.3.9 量測的時間 57 3.3.10 尋找最低啓動無線射頻標籤功率演算法 57 3.3.11 偵測無線射頻標籤條件 58 3.3.12 量測前延遲時間 58 3.4 量測結果輸出 59 3.4.1 無線射頻標籤最大可讀取距離 59 3.4.2 平均RSSI,讀取次數及相關輸出 61 3.4.3 涵蓋範圍 62 3.4.4 無線射頻標籤讀取數 63 3.5 量測結果與討論 64 3.5.1 無線射頻標籤最大可讀取距離-Detect Each 65 3.5.2 無線射頻標籤最大可讀取距離-Detect Any 68 3.5.3 無線射頻標籤最大可讀取距離-Detect All 70 3.5.4 無線射頻標籤讀取數 72 3.5.5 無線射頻標籤涵蓋範圍 75 3.5.6 無線射頻標籤數之影響 76 3.5.7 讀取器之參數影響 - 輸出功率 77 3.5.8 讀取器之參數影響 - 靈敏度 81 3.5.9 讀取器之其它參數影響 84 第 4 章 RFID之應用 98 4.1 前言 98 4.2 智慧型書架 98 4.3 POS系統 100 4.4 人員定位系統 102 4.5 智慧型導盲杖 105 第 5 章 結論 109 5.1 總結 109 5.2 具體成果 110 5.3 未來研究方向 110

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