因澆口位置會決定融膠的流動方向與平衡性，不當的設計往往造成無法彌補的缺陷，所以流動平衡之澆口位置一直是塑膠射出成型模模具設計中的一個重要關鍵。本文採用降低流阻之觀念針對不同幾何模型、網格長度、塑膠材料(ABS+PC、PP、HDPE)進行澆口位置最佳化之搜尋與探討，以期達到流動平衡之充填過程。結果顯示澆口位置經過最佳化後能有效地改善充填結束時過保壓、高壁面剪應力與溫度分布不均等影響塑件品質之缺陷。本文在求得澆口位置最佳化後，另再擇一算例進一步採用田口法、遺傳演算法、模擬退火法、類神經網路與反應曲面法等方法，以單獨或偶合的方式探討模溫、融溫、射出時間、保壓時間與保壓壓力等五個製程參數之最佳化組合。結果顯示各最佳化方法均能有效降低塑件翹曲；田口法僅需少量的模擬即可獲得滿意的結果，遺傳演算法與模擬退火法結合類神經網路與反應曲面法能再微調製程參數，進一步提升產品之品質。

Gate location has the direct effect on the melt flow direction and balance,and improper design will produce inevitable defects.Therefore, the gate location with flow balance is one of the important key points of mold design of plastic injection molding. This study adopts flow resistance concept in the light of different geometric shape, mesh size, materials (ABS+PC, PP, HDPE) to explore the optimal gate location to reach the filling process with the flow balance. The results show that the optimal gate location is able to effectively improve the over-packing, high wall shear stress and disproportionate temperature distribution which will influence plastic part quality. After the optimal gate location being obtained, one case was further studied by using Taguchi method, genetic algorithm, simulated annealing method, artificial neural network and response surface method, with single or hybrid mode to find the optimal molding parameter setting such as mold temperature, melt temperature, injection time, packing time and packing pressure. It is revealed that the optimal method is able to effectively reduce plastic part warpage. Taguchi method can achieve satisfactory result with small relatively amount of simulations. The genetic algorithm and simulated annealing method couples with artificial neural network or response surface method have the advantage to tune the processing parameters,and to promote product quality.

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