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Author: 陳君豪
Chun-Hao Chen
Thesis Title: 軟體定義網路中基於規則更新時間之繞徑演算法
Routing Algorithms for TCAM Rule Update Time in Software-Defined Networks
Advisor: 邱舉明
Ge-Ming Chiu
Committee: 鄧惟中
Wei-Chung Teng
項天瑞
Tien-Ruey Hsiang
沈上翔
Shan-Hsiang Shen
Degree: 碩士
Master
Department: 電資學院 - 資訊工程系
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering
Thesis Publication Year: 2019
Graduation Academic Year: 107
Language: 中文
Pages: 51
Keywords (in Chinese): 延遲規則更新路由軟體定義網路三態內容可定址記憶體
Keywords (in other languages): Delay, Rule Update, Routing, SDN, TCAM
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  • 軟體定義網路((Software Defined Network, SDN)有別於傳統網路透過網路設備如交換器個別負責轉發封包的工作,它將資料層(Data Plane)以及控制層(Control Plane)分開,讓網路設備負責資料層的封包傳遞,而控制網路交由控制器(Controller)負責,控制器將控制所有網路設備的動作,軟體定義網路可以更適當的控制網路流量增進效率,尤其在大型伺服器以及資料中心(Data Center)的環境中。
    在這些複雜的網路規則以及頻繁更新的環境下,規則更新延遲時間(Update Delay Time)被放大了出來,規則更新延遲不只會影響被更新規則的封包轉送時間,也會中斷更新的網路設備封包傳遞,導致整個網路的延遲,在資料中心這類環境下是無法接受的,許多研究在硬體架構方面來縮短規則更新延遲時間,然而在控制層這方面,封包傳送路徑的演算法對於規則更新延遲時間還尚未優化。
    本論文提出一個針對規則更新延遲時間的路徑演算法,在軟體定義網路環境中,控制器紀錄了所有網路設備的狀態,並使用有向無環圖(Directed acyclic graph, DAG)計算各個網路設備最少的更新時間,最後再以這個更新時間用Dijkstra最短路徑演算法找出最短路徑,達到優化規則更新延遲時間的目標。另外,我們在參考其他論文之TCAM規則更新演算法時,發現有未考量到的狀況,會造成TCAM規則正確性方面的錯誤,因此我們也針對TCAM對規則更新演算法做適當的修正以避免錯誤的發生。


    Different from the traditional network, SDN network device separates the Data Plane and the Control Plane. The network device is responsible for forwarding packets and the controller is responsible for control the network devices. SDN can handle network events more flexibly, especially in large server and data center environment.

    Because of complex network rules and frequently updating environments, the update delay time has a greater impact on network. The rule update delay not only affects the packet forwarding time of the updated rule, but also interrupts the updating network device. It is unacceptable in the environment of the data center. Many studies have optimized the hardware architecture or algorithms of network devices to reduce the delay time of rule update. However, the routing algorithms for TCAM rule update time has not been optimized yet.

    In this paper, we propose a routing algorithms for TCAM rule update time . In the SDN environment, the controller records the state of all network devices and calculates the update time of each network device using a directed acyclic graph (DAG). After that ,we use the Dijkstra algorithm to find the shortest path with this update time, and achieve the goal of optimizing the rule update delay time. In addition, when we study on the TCAM rule update algorithm of other papers, we find that there are unexpected conditions, which will cause errors in the TCAM rules updating. Therefore, we also TCAM fix the rule update algorithm to avoid errors.

    摘要 I Abstract II 誌謝 III 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 VIII 演算法目錄 IX 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 論文目標 3 1.3 論文架構 3 第二章 相關研究 4 2.1 交換器上的TCAM查詢以及更新 4 2.2 規則交疊與相關性 5 2.3 軟體定義網路環境下的繞徑演算法 6 第三章 系統模型及問題定義 7 3.1 系統模型 7 3.2 問題定義 8 第四章 TCAM規則更新時間演算法 10 4.1 DAG更新演算法 10 4.2 TCAM位置更新演算法 14 4.3 TCAM位置更新演算法修正 18 第五章 最短更新時間路徑更新繞徑 22 第六章 實驗結果及分析 23 6.1 實驗環境設定 23 6.1.1 拓樸設計 23 6.1.2 安裝規則設計 24 6.1.3 TCAM中安裝規則數量設計 24 6.2 實驗結果 25 6.2.1 網路拓樸大小的影響 25 6.2.2 網路拓樸平均度數的影響 27 6.2.3 通用匹配規則及完全匹配規則比例的影響 28 5.2.4 TCAM 規則安裝數量的影響 30 5.2.5 真實拓樸中的表現 32 第七章 結論 35 參考文獻 36

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