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研究生: 曾鈞煜
Chun-yu Tseng
論文名稱: 奈米材料改良纖維特性之研究
The properties of fibers improved by nano materials
指導教授: 吳翼貽
Ye-Ee Wu
口試委員: 廖崑亮
none
郭俞麟
Yu-Lin Kuo
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 機械工程系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 112
中文關鍵詞: 奈米材料磁性氧化鐵遠紅外線電磁遮蔽
外文關鍵詞: nano materials, ferrous-ferric oxide, far-infrared, EM shielding effect
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近年來由於環境的變遷,輕薄保暖衣服的需求大增;本研究係應用奈米材料的塗佈來提高纖維布的蓄熱升溫功能,並探討奈米材料的類別及塗佈量多寡對纖維布蓄熱升溫能力的影響。
在本研究內所應用的奈米材料計有:使用沉澱法製作之奈米級磁性氧化鐵及氧化鎳,及外購的奈米級氧化鋁、氧化矽、氧化鈦。利用溶膠-浸塗法將上述氧化物塗佈至3種不同纖維(cotton、PET、PP)布的表面,再以25W及40W鹵素燈為熱源照射纖維布面,量測纖維布面的溫升效果,進行比較。並利用磁場測試儀測量經浸塗處理後之纖維布阻擋電磁波的效率,並以UV-VIS-NIR光譜儀觀察纖維布所吸收電磁波的波長範圍及應用SEM、XRD觀察顆粒大小和其結晶度,最後進行耐水洗測試,探討添加物/纖維布的結合程度。
研究結果顯示,奈米級磁性氧化鐵濃度(0.5Wt%以上)和PP纖維布的組合具有最佳的溫升效果,因磁性氧化鐵具鐵磁性和較窄的能隙,可以有效的吸收電磁波(能量),再以遠紅外線的形式釋放出熱能,故有最佳的蓄熱升溫能力;且磁性氧化鐵亦可幫助纖維布吸收電磁波,達到電磁波遮蔽的效果。由於奈米級磁性氧化鐵可有效地吸附在纖維布上,纖維布經10次水洗後,尚能保有83%的蓄熱升溫能力。


Recently abnormal weather and volatile changes in the environment increase the temperature difference between day and night. This temperature difference increases the demand of functional garments having high warmth to weight ratio. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of nano particles and its solution concentration on heat regeneration ability of coated fabric.
The nano particles under investigations are ferrous-ferric oxide, nickel oxide, alumina, silica and titanium oxide. Dip coating method is applied to coat these nano particles on three different fabrics, cotton, PET and PP. Solutions containing various wt % of nano particles were utilized to seek the maximum coatability of nano particles onto each fabric. Temperature rise tests were conducted to study the endothermic capability of these fabrics. Magnetic field tester and the absorption of spectrum measured by UV-VIS-NIR were also conducted to understand the electromagnetic shielding ability of the nano particles. Finally, washing tests were carried out on the fabric having the best endothermic capability to decide its laundry performance.
Experimental results showed that PP fabric after dip coating with solution having more than 0.5wt % of ferrous-ferric oxide nano particles possesses good endothermic capability and can have large temperature rising range after heating test. This result can be attributed to the ferromagnetic properties and the narrow energy band gap of the ferrous–ferric oxide which can efficiently absorb any short wavelength light form energy and release the energy through emitting far-infrared light. The fabric coated with ferrous-ferric oxide can also effectively absorb EM waves resulting in good EM shielding effect. In addition, this nano ferrous-ferric oxide coated fabric has good laundry performance, 83% of its endothermic capability can be retained after washing 10 times.

摘要I AbstractII 誌謝III 目錄IV 圖目錄VI 表目錄VIII 第一章 前言1 1.1研究緣起1 1.2研究目的2 1.3 研究方法3 第二章 文獻探討4 2.1發熱衣原理5 2.1.1 市面上發熱衣的原理5 2.2奈米級金屬的基本性質8 2.2.1奈米材料與塊材的比較8 2.3 纖維之種類及性質13 2.3.1 PET的基本特性14 2.3.2 PP的基本特性16 2.3.3 Cotton的基本特性17 2.3.4 三種纖維母材之比較18 2.4 五種添加物的性質19 2.4.1 磁性氧化鐵(Fe3O4) 的基本性質19 2.4.2 氧化鎳(NiO) 的基本性質21 2.4.3 氧化鋁(Al2O3) 的基本性質22 2.4.4 二氧化矽(SiO2) 的基本性質23 2.4.5 氧化鈦(TiO2) 的基本性質25 2.4.6 五種添加物性質比較26 2.5 蓄熱升溫理論28 2.5.1 基本熱輻射理論[50]28 2.5.2 遠紅外線簡介[51, 52]31 2.5.3 遠紅外線加熱原理[51, 52]34 2.6 電磁波遮蔽原理[56]37 第三章 實驗方法與步驟40 3.1 實驗材料42 3.2 奈米級粉末製備43 3.2.1 化學液相法(共沉澱法)-奈米氧化鐵44 3.2.2 化學液相法(沉澱法)-奈米氧化鎳44 3.3 溶膠-浸塗法45 3.4 溫升測試46 3.4.1 熱源計算46 3.5 耐水洗測試48 3.6 電磁波遮蔽效率和遠紅外放射率測試50 3.7 數字溫度計51 3.8 UV-VIS-NIR光譜儀53 3.9 磁場測試儀55 3.10 X光繞射(XRD)分析56 3.11 掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)與能量散佈光譜儀(EDS)57 第四章 結果與討論59 4.1 溫升實驗60 4.1.1 母材本身之溫升效率60 4.1.2 不同添加物對溫升效果之影響62 4.1.3 不同濃度對溫升效果之影響66 4.1.4 不同浸塗溫度對溫升效果之影響73 4.2 紫外線-可見光-近紅外線UV-VIS-NIR 之分析74 4.2.1 不同添加物對吸收率的影響75 4.2.2不同濃度對吸收率的影響77 4.2.3不同添加物的可見光吸收率78 4.3添加物對遠紅外線放射率之影響81 4.4 電磁遮蔽效率82 4.5 X-ray繞射分析83 4.6 電子顯微鏡觀察與EDS元素分析86 4.6.1 奈米粒子大小觀察86 4.6.2 添加物塗佈於纖維布表面之觀察與EDS元素分析88 4.7 耐水洗測試91 4.8 添加物塗佈於纖維布表面之顏色觀察92 第五章 結論93 參考文獻95 附錄101 A.1 五種不同添加物/纖維布之溫度-時間曲線101 A.2 添加物/纖維布 不同濃度下之溫度-時間曲線105

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