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研究生: 張家維
Chia-wei Chang
論文名稱: 企業識別體系中標誌的種類與複雜度對記憶度之影響
The Influence of C.I.S. Logo Types and Complexity on Memory
指導教授: 伊 彬
Bin I
口試委員: 鄭海蓮
Hi-lian Jeng
張文智
Wen-chih Chang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 設計學院 - 設計系
Department of Design
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 96
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 142
中文關鍵詞: 企業識別體系視覺識別標誌記憶度
外文關鍵詞: Corporate Identity System, Visual Identity, Logo, Memory
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隨時代變遷與經濟躍進,台灣已轉變為已開發之經濟環境,大眾對消費的態度不僅止於「需要」,更多對產品的附加期待隨時代改變而提升。當消費者選擇產品或服務時,常取決於品牌或企業形象。而企業形象取決於「識別」。不管形象如何,總要先吸引大眾目光,讓大家知道你,進而了解你。這就是企業識別(CI)。企業識別體系(CIS)以「理念識別」(MI)、「活動識別」(BI)、「視覺識別」(VI)三部分合成為企業識別更完備的統稱。以完整且有系統地方式導入企業並確實執行企業識別,為「企業識別體系」完整之概念。所以企業藉由企業識別體系塑造企業識別而產生企業形象,這是一連串的長遠的縝密規劃。
本研究針對企業識別中最重要的視覺識別中之主要元素─標誌進行探討,是因人類大腦接收的訊息有百分之七十來自外在視覺刺激。許多學者指出視覺識別對企業識別成敗比例佔極高地位,是因為大眾接觸企業所傳遞之訊息,大多來自視覺識別。視覺識別中出現頻率最高的就是「標誌」,標誌最重要的功能是讓大眾印象深刻。本研究根據文獻對標誌造型分為抽象型、具象型、文字型三類,並以簡單與複雜兩層級,將標誌再細分為六大類,討論各學者對標誌造型與複雜度提出的優缺點,藉由兩項大眾對標誌回憶度之實驗,試圖找出大眾對標誌造形的偏好,並對標誌設計提出新的設計參考方向。
研究結果顯示,大眾對標誌的記憶度在不同的情況下有不同的反應。實驗A顯示大眾單純暴露於大量標誌的情況下,對具象型標誌的記憶度顯著高於抽象型與文字型,而複雜程度卻沒有相當顯著的差別。但實驗B則出現相當不同的結果,在貼近標誌真實出現在大眾眼前之情況來說,大眾對於簡單標誌的記憶度明顯提升,且高於複雜標誌。其中又以簡單文字型記憶度最高,顯示在複雜的視覺刺激中,大眾普遍傾向於記憶簡單的標誌。


With the changing era, the economic environment of Taiwan had developed into a more advanced condition. People not only purchase things for need, but for additional value. When consumers try to choose something from the market, they always retrieve advices from past experiences, brand, or corporate image. And, the corporate image is built from 「Identity」.The crucial point about how Corporate Identity works is to catch the attentions. Then make people know “who you are”. The next step is to make them understand “What you do”. Corporate Identity is completed with Mind Identity, Behavior Identity, and Visual Identity. Implement CI into a corporate systematically and consistently with MI, BI and VI in Asia, we call that as Corporate Identity System. Corporations take advantages of CIS to draw out corporate identities then build corporate images. This would be a long-term project.

This study focuses one of the main factors of CIS – VI. That is because human receive information through visual stimuli over 70 %. Lots of scholars also point out VI is the clincher for a successful CI. Majority also receive information form the visual design. Logo ubiquitously appears everywhere on whatever we see form a corporate visual design. That’s why this study narrows down the scope to a logo. Logos are responsible for being memorized. To memorize a logo equals to memorize a corporation. The study categorizes the logos into Abstract, Concrete, and Logotype. Then separate them with complexity and simplicity. To discuss the weakness or strengths of recall ability of these logos. And execute 2 main experiments to test what kind of logo acquires more recall. According to the result, we try to find a new path for designing a recallable logo.

The result suggests majority have different reactions in logo recognition. In experiment A(A), subjects exposure to plenty logos. The result of A shows people tend to remember the concrete logos. For the complexity part, there is no significance. In experiment B(B), subjects exposure to a much more realistic condition. The result shows that people tend to remember logotypes. Moreover, in B, people tend to remember simple logos then complex logos. This suggests that when people exposure to a complex visual surrounding. They try to catch something simple to see. This provides a new thinking of logo design. Maybe designers will feel upset about the result, because of we always appreciate visual pictures. But this result is just part of the logo design research. There must be more evidences and possibilities need to be discovered.

摘要 ……………………………………………………………………………………………I Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………………II 謝謝 ……………………………………………………………………………………………III 目錄 ……………………………………………………………………………………………IV 圖目錄 …………………………………………………………………………………………VIII 表目錄 …………………………………………………………………………………………IX 第一章 緒論 1.1研究背景……………………………………………………………………………………01 1.2研究動機……………………………………………………………………………………03 1.3研究目的……………………………………………………………………………………04 1.4研究限制……………………………………………………………………………………05 1.5研究範圍……………………………………………………………………………………06 1.6研究流程與架構……………………………………………………………………………06 1.7名詞解釋……………………………………………………………………………………07 第二章 文獻探討 2.1識別與企業…………………………………………………………………………………09 2.1.1企業識別…………………………………………………………………………………10 2.1.2企業識別體系CIS ………………………………………………………………………12 2.1.3企業識別體系的重要性…………………………………………………………………14 2.1.4CIS構成要素 ……………………………………………………………………………18 2.1.5VIS視覺識別系統(Visual Identity System).………………………………………19 2.2標誌與企業…………………………………………………………………………………20 2.2.1標誌的定義………………………………………………………………………………21 2.2.2企業標誌…………………………………………………………………………………23 2.2.3標誌分類與造型…………………………………………………………………………24 2.2.4標誌與訊息傳達…………………………………………………………………………27 2.3認知與記憶…………………………………………………………………………………30 2.4標誌造形與認知記憶………………………………………………………………………33 2.4.1文字型標誌 …………………………………………………………………………35 2.4.2文字型標誌之圖像化 ………………………………………………………………36 2.4.3具象型圖像標誌 ……………………………………………………………………37 2.4.4抽象型圖像標誌 ……………………………………………………………………38 2.4.5簡單與複雜之標誌 …………………………………………………………………40 2.5小結…………………………………………………………………………………………43 第三章 研究方法 3.1實驗準備流程………………………………………………………………………………45 3.1.1標誌蒐集 ……………………………………………………………………………45 3.1.2標誌種類與複雜度之分類 …………………………………………………………45 3.1.3刺激物製作 …………………………………………………………………………46 3.2前測…………………………………………………………………………………………47 3.2.1前測實驗設計……………………………………………………………………………47 3.2.2前測參與者………………………………………………………………………………48 3.2.3前測刺激物………………………………………………………………………………48 3.2.4前測實驗工具、設備與場地……………………………………………………………48 3.2.5前測實驗流程……………………………………………………………………………48 3.2.6前測結果與修正…………………………………………………………………………49 3.3正式實驗……………………………………………………………………………………49 3.3.1正式實驗設計……………………………………………………………………………49 3.3.2實驗記分方式……………………………………………………………………………50 3.3.2正式實驗參與者…………………………………………………………………………51 3.3.3正式實驗刺激物…………………………………………………………………………51 3.3.4正式實驗工具,設備與地點……………………………………………………………53 3.3.5正式實驗流程……………………………………………………………………………54 3.4資料分析……………………………………………………………………………………54 第四章 研究結果與討論 4.1實驗A、B標誌種類與不同參與者背景之敘述統計結果…………………………………56 4.2實驗A之參與者背景、標誌種類、複雜度之結果分析(3-way ANOVA)…………………58 4.3參與者背景之標誌種類與複雜度分析 (2-way ANOVA)…………………………………58 4.3.1設計背景之標誌與複雜度分析 (1-way ANOVA, t-test) ………………………60 4.3.2非設計背景之標誌與複雜度分析 (1-way ANOVA, t-test) ……………………62 4.4複雜度之標誌與參與者背景分析 (2-way ANOVA)………………………………………66 4.4.1複雜條件之標誌與參與者背景分析 (1-way ANOVA, t-test) …………………67 4.4.2簡單條件之標誌與參與者背景分析 (1-way ANOVA, t-test) …………………68 4.5標誌種類之複雜度與參與者背景分析 (2-way ANOVA)…………………………………71 4.5.1抽象型條件下複雜度與參與者背景分析 (t-test)………………………………72 4.5.2具象型條件下複雜度與參與者背景分析 (t-test)………………………………74 4.5.3文字型條件下複雜度與參與者背景分析 (t-test)………………………………75 4.6實驗A小結 …………………………………………………………………………………78 4.7實驗B之參與者背景、標誌種類、複雜度之結果分析 (3-way ANOVA) ………………79 4.8參與者背景之標誌種類與複雜度分析 (2-way ANOVA)…………………………………80 4.8.1設計背景之標誌與複雜度分析 (1-way ANOVA, t-test) ………………………81 4.8.2非設計背景之標誌與複雜度分析 (1-way ANOVA, t-test) ……………………83 4.9複雜度之標誌與參與者背景分析 (2-way ANOVA)………………………………………86 4.9.1複雜條件之標誌與參與者背景分析 (1-way ANOVA, t-test) …………………87 4.9.2簡單條件之標誌與參與者背景分析 (1-way ANOVA, t-test) …………………89 4.10標誌種類之複雜度與參與者背景分析 (2-way ANOVA) ………………………………92 4.10.1抽象型條件下複雜度與參與者背景分析 (t-test) ……………………………93 4.10.2具象型條件下複雜度與參與者背景分析 (t-test) ……………………………94 4.10.3文字型條件下複雜度與參與者背景分析 (t-test) ……………………………95 4.11實驗B小結…………………………………………………………………………………98 第五章 結論與建議 5.1討論…………………………………………………………………………………………99 5.2結論…………………………………………………………………………………………102 5.3標誌設計建議………………………………………………………………………………105 5.4後續研究建議………………………………………………………………………………106 參考文獻 中文 ……………………………………………………………………………………………109 英文 ……………………………………………………………………………………………113 附錄 附錄一實驗B平面視覺設計……………………………………………………………………120 附錄二實驗A標誌一覽…………………………………………………………………………122 附錄三實驗B標誌一覽…………………………………………………………………………126

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