在2009年爆發豐田大規模召回事件，引起消費者重視車輛召回的相關議題，因此本研究藉由美國國家公路交通安全管理局提供2010年7月至12月的368件車輛召回案件進行整理與分析，藉由製造商、召回零部件、召回類型、發起者與召回原因之變項來探討影響車輛召回之因素，利用Cramer’s V相關係數來分析兩個變項之間的相關程度，再依其顯著之因素進行Phi(φ)相關係數分析找出有顯著之相關因素之間各類別水準的關聯，依其顯著之類別水準探討影響之可能原因。本研究顯示車輛設計不當多發生在電子系統、行車制動與車速控制的部分，生產不當大多為引擎與引擎冷卻、轉向與懸掛系統，供應商提供之產品不良以零部件居多，未遵守相關法規多為兒童座椅、車外照明、座椅安全帶、座椅、結構與輪胎。因此，依據本研究發現召回原因與其對應零部件之關係提供給製造商在未來設計與生產階段做為參考，來降低車輛召回的發生。

In 2009, Toyota produced large-scale vehicle recalls that caused consumers be more conscious about the vehicle recalls issue. In order to examine factors influenced in vehicle recalls, the current study analyzed recalls data from July to December 2010 collected by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Each recall was coded in terms of manufacturers, components, recall types, recall initiators, and causes of recall. Cramer’s V correlation coefficient was applied to the coded data to measures the correlation among factors. The significant factors further analyzed using Phi (φ) correlation coefficient to measures the correlation among factors’ levels. The results show that vehicle design defects occur mostly on electrical system, service brakes, and vehicle speed control. Whereas, the vehicle manufacture defects occurred mostly on vehicle engine, engine cooling systems, steering, and suspension system. In the end, the defects of supply products from suppliers occurred mostly on vehicle equipment, like child seat, exterior lighting, seat belts, seats, structure, and tires. Therefore, based on the relationship between causes of recall and components, this study provides references for manufacturers in design and production process to reduce the frequencies of vehicle recalls.

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