本文旨在研製蓄電池儲能系統配合單相市電併聯網路以作雙向功率之調節。整體系統架構包含蓄電池模組之四臂型昇降壓直流-直流功率轉換器、單相全橋型直流-交流功率轉換器，其中四臂型昇降壓直流功率轉換器具有昇壓及降壓功能，分別對蓄電池模組作充電/放電之模式，其輸入及輸出電壓可調範圍廣。四臂型昇降壓直流功率轉換器及輸入電感使各臂電感電流維持在連續導通模式，並搭配交錯式脈波寬度調變及均流控制以降低電流漣波。在單相全橋型直流-交流功率轉換器採用前饋補償與功率補償之控制策略以提高暫態響應速度及減少穩態誤差，並配合直流鏈電壓與交流電感電流閉迴路控制，以完成與市電併聯之系統。

本文以高性能的數位信號處理器(DSP,TMS320F28035)作為系統之控制核心，其整體系統之控制策略皆由軟體程式完成，以達到數位化之控制，可增加系統運作之穩定性及可靠度。本文之系統整合分為二種模式:在蓄電池放電模式時輸出功率為1kW，蓄電池放電至市電側，整體系統效率85%，單相直流-交流功率轉換器之電流總諧波失真率為5.18%；在蓄電池充電模式時，輸入300W功率對蓄電池充電，整體系統效率81%，單相直流-交流功率轉換器之電流總諧波失真率為7.61%。實測結果驗證本文之理論分析及控制法則的可行性。

This thesis aims to develop a single-phase grid-connected battery energy storage system for bi-directional power regulation. Overall system consists of four-arm type battery module buck-boost dc–dc power converter and single-phase full-bridge dc-ac power converter. Four-arm type buck-boost dc power converter performs boost and buck functions, respectively, for battery charging and discharging, resulting in wide adjustment for the input and output voltages. Continuous conduction mode for each arm is maintained through dc power converter and its input inductors. Reduction in current ripple is achieved with interleaved pulse-width modulation and equal-current control. In addition, feed forward compensation and power compensation control strategy are used for inverter to improve the transient response speed, reduce the steady state error, and complete the grid-connected system with the closed-loop control of dc link voltage and ac inductor current.

In this thesis, a high-performance digital signal processor, TMS320F28035, is used as the control core. The system is administered by software control strategy in order to achieve the digital control to increase the stability and reliability. This system is integrated into two modes: the battery discharges output power of 1kW to the grid, the overall system efficiency is 85%, the current total harmonic distortion of inverter is 5.18%; in battery charging mode, input power is 300W from grid, the overall system efficiency is 81%, and the corresponding total current harmonic distortion of inverter is 7.61%. Experimental results validate the feasibility of theoretical analysis and control strategy.

[1]XieDan, Wuhan, “Low-Carbon Economy--the Trend of World Economy Development,” Environmental Science and Information ApplicationTechnology(ESIAT),InternationalConference,vol.3,pp.310-313, July. 2010.
[2]Jianhui Zhang, Jih-Sheng Lai, and Wensong Yu,“A High-Efficiency Grid-Tie Battery Energy Storage System,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 886-896, 2011.
[3]Michele Macellari, Giovanni Battista Palmerini, and Luigi Schirone, “Bidirectional Converter for Single-Cell Li-Ion Batteries in a Small Space Vehicle,” IEEE Aerospace Conference, pp. 1-9, 2012.
[4]Hahnsang Kim, Kang G. Shin,”Scheduling of Battery Charge, Discharge, and Rest,”IEEE Real-Time System Symposium RTSS, pp. 13-22, 2009.
[5]Long Truong, Fred Wolff, and Narayan Dravid, “Simulation of the Interaction between Flywheel Energy Storage and Battery Energy Storage on the International Space Station,” Energy Conversion Engineering Conference Exhibit, vol.2, no.1, pp. 848-854, 2000.
[6]Kentaro Fukushima, Tamotsu Ninomiya, Masahito Shoyama, Isami Norigoe, Yosuke Harada, and Kenta Tsukakoshi,“Consideration for Input Current-Ripple of Pulse link DC-AC Converter for Fuel Cells,” Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, pp. 148-153, 2008.
[7]Khalil Rahimi,Ali Nazeran Motlagh, and Majid Pakdel,“A New Soft-Switched ZCZVT DC-AC Inverter,” IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, pp. 1338-1344, 2009.
[8] Hans Ertl, Johann W. Kolar, and Franz C. Zach, “A Novel Multicell DC–AC Converter for Applications in Renewable Energy Systems,” IEEE Transaction on Industrial Electronics, vol.49, pp.1048-1057, 2002.
[9]Nobuhiro Kurio, Kiyoshi Ogata, and Tokuo Ohnishi, “Natural Commutation Method for a Low-Voltage High-Current Input DC-DC Converter,” IEEE Power and Energy Conference, pp. 192-197, 2008.
[10]Taotao Jin, Lihua Li, and Keyue Smedley, “A Universal Vector Controller for Three-phase PFC, APF,STATCOM, and Grid-Connected Inverter,” Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,vol.1, pp. 594-600, 2004.
[11]張沛鳴，以數位信號處理器為基礎之蓄電池儲能系統之研製，國立台灣科技大學電機工程系碩士論文，民國一百年.
[12]Jose Eduardo Baggio, Helio Leaes Hey, Hilton Abilio Grundling, Humberto Pinheiro, Jose Renes Pinheiro, “Isolated Interleaved-Phase-Shift-PWM DC–DC ZVS Converter,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1795-1802, 2003.
[13]廖日能，並聯型三臂式直流-直流功率轉換器之研製，國立台灣科技大學研究所碩士論文，2009.
[14]Jun Wen, Taotao Jin, and Keyue Smedley, “A New Interleaved Isolated Boost Converter for High Power Applications,” IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, pp. 79-84, 2006
[15]梁適安，交換式電源供給器之理論與實務設計，全華出版社1994
[16]L. T. Jakobsen, O. Garcia, J. A. Oliver, P. Alou, J. A. Cobos, and M. A. E. Andersen, “Interleaved Buck Converter with Variable Number of Active Phases and a Predictive Current Sharing Scheme,” IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, pp. 3360-3365, 2008.
[17]陳立修，燃料電池功率轉換系統之研製，國立台灣科技大學研究所博士論文，民國九十六年.
[18]張晉銘，單相換流器市電併網控制系統，國立台灣科技大學電機研究所碩士論文，民國九十八年.
[19]余景州，數位控制之多臂型直流-直流功率轉換器於燃料電池供電系統之應用，國立台灣科技大學電機工程系碩士論文，民國九十五年.
[20]江炫樟，多功能蓄電池儲能系統之研製，國立清華大學電機工程系博士論文，民國八十三年.
[21]CSB Battery Technologies，小型密閉式鉛酸蓄電池技術手冊.
[22]YUASA Battery Technologies，密封式鉛酸蓄電池技術手冊.
[23]Zdzislaw Chlodnicki, Wlodzimierz Koczara, and Nazar Al-Khayat, “Hybrid UPS Based on Supercapacitor Energy Storage and Adjustable Speed Generator,” Compatibility in Power Electronics, pp.1-10, 2007.
[24]F.J. Wu, B. Sun and H.R. Peng, “Single-phase three-level SPWM scheme suitable for implementation with DSP,” Electronics Letters, vol.47, pp. 994-996, 2011.
[25]Abhisek Maiti, Sumana Choudhuri , Jitendranath Bera , , Tista Banerjee ,and Shaunak Maitra, “Development of Microcontroller based Single Phase SPWM Inverter with Remote Control Facility,” Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES) &Power India, Joint International Conference, pp. 1-5, 2010.
[26]A.B. Afarulrazi, M. Zarafi, W. M. Utomo and A. Zar, “ FPGA Implementation of Unipolar SPWM for Single Phase Inverter,” Computer Applications and Industrial Electronics (ICCAIE), International Conference, pp. 671-676, 2010.
[27]Khaliqur Rahman, Abu Tariq, and Farhad I1ahi Bakhsh, “Modeling and Analysis of Multilevel Inverters Using Unipolar and Bipolar Switching Schemes,”Advances in Engineering, Science and Management (ICAESM), International Conference, pp. 466-471, 2012.
[28]Amit Kumar and Rajesh Gupta,“Single-phase AC/DC/AC Converter using Cascaded Multilevel Inverter,” Power, Control and Embedded Systems (ICPCES), International Conference, pp. 1-5, 2010.
[29]Maoh-Chin Jiang, Wei-Shiang Wang, Huang-Kai Fu, and Kuei Wu-Chang, “A Novel Single-Phase Soft-Switching Unipolar PWM Inverter,” Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE & ECCE), IEEE 8th International Conference, pp. 2874-2879, 2011.