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研究生: 鄭如晏
Ju-Yen Cheng
論文名稱: 迷你倉庫簡易滅火器具成效研究
A Study on the effectiveness of simple fire extinguishing appliances in Mini Warehouse
指導教授: 林慶元
Cheng-Yuan Lin
口試委員: 郭詩毅
Shih-Yi Kuo
莊英吉
Ying-Chi Chuang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 設計學院 - 建築系
Department of Architecture
論文出版年: 2019
畢業學年度: 107
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 89
中文關鍵詞: 迷你倉庫滅火器具滅火球細水霧
外文關鍵詞: Mini warehouse, Fire extinguisher, Fire extinguishing ball, Water mist
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國內業者將大坪數空間,分隔成數個小型倉儲空間,倉體構造以金屬烤漆鋼浪板相隔開。
本研究參考現況設定條件,進行三種類型倉體之全尺寸火場實驗及電腦模擬撒水分析。倉體分別為第一類型(倉門半開45度,無夾層,火源位置在下方)、第二類型(倉門半開45度、倉門緊閉,有夾層,火源位置在上層)、第三類型(倉門半開45度,有夾層,火源位置在下層)之火災情形,配合探測器動作,實驗自動式滅火球及被動手持式細水霧器具之滅火成效:

一、自動滅火球:實驗第一類型及第二類型倉體,滅火球分別於第37分鐘及第11分鐘瞬間性爆破,乾粉僅覆蓋燃燒物之表面層,內部被未燃燒完全之木角材遮擋,使乾粉未能完全包覆火源,爆破後一分鐘內溫度瞬間下降並且發出巨大聲響警示火災發生,未能控制火勢。

二、手持式細水霧器具:實驗燃燒至兩分半內火警探測器發出警示聲響,本實驗待煤油燃燒至木角材後開始滅火動作,若倉庫倉門為未關閉之情形,三種類型倉體皆於五分鐘內能有效控制火勢,十分鐘左右能完全撲滅火源,若倉庫倉門為關閉之情形,實驗較具危險性之第二類型倉體,於倉門上方20cm縫隙處持細水霧噴頭滅火,由於燃燒物位於較高處,且煙霧及火勢燃燒旺盛,使人員難以在上方撲滅火源,能控制火勢防止閃燃現象,未能完全撲滅火源。

三、以FDS程式模擬三種類型倉體安裝自動撒水設備之情形,皆能有效抑制火源。


Domestic operator was used to partition large space into several small storage spaces and the structure of storehouse is separated by corrugated steel sheet.
This study which is referring to the actual setting conditions will analyze three kind of situation not only in a full-scale fire experiments but also under computer modelling water sprinkler analysis with experimental automatic fire extinguishing ball and passive hand-held water mist. First type (the door is opend 45 degrees, without mezzanine, the fire source is below). Second type (the door is opend 45 degrees or closed, with mezzanine, and fire source located at the upper layer). Third type (the door is opend 45 degrees, with mezzanine, and fire source located at the lower layer). The fire detector will install above all the warehouse.
This is the extinguishing effect.

1. Automatic fire extinguishing ball: First and second type of warehouses were blasted at 37 minute and 11 minute respectively. The dry powder only cover the surface layer of burning material, inside is obscured by unfired angle section so that the dry powder could not clad the fire source completely. After blasting, the temperature drop instantaneously in one minute and making a loud sound to warn the fire is happened. Finally, we can’t control the fire.

2. Hand-held water mist appliance: The fire detector alarm in two a half minutes. We wait for the kerosene burning into the angle section and starting to put out a fire. If the warehouse door is open, all the three situations can be effective to controll in five minutes. extinguish entire fire in ten minutes. The other way around, if the door is close, the second type is dangerous than the others. We only can use water mist to spray door crack upon 20cm . Because burning material is located at a higher place, as well as the fire is flare away, it is difficult to extinguish the fire source. This way can control the fire to prevent flashing, but failing to extinguish the fire source completely.

3. Using FDS to simulate installing automatic sprinkler system in three type of warehouse, all can effective suppress fire sources.

中文摘要............................................................................................................... .I Abstract ..................................................................................................................II 誌謝 ................................................................................................................. III 目錄 ................................................................................................................. IV 表目錄 ................................................................................................................. VI 圖目錄 ................................................................................................................VII 第一章 緒論........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 .........................................1 1.2 研究目的 ...............................................2 1.3 研究範圍 .............................................. 2 1.4 研究流程 .............................................. 3 第二章 文獻回顧................................................................................................... 4 2.1 倉儲安全管理相關之文獻回顧 ............................. 4 2.2 迷你倉儲相關法規 ...................................... 5 2.3 迷你倉儲現況調查 ...................................... 7 2.4 倉儲重大災害 ..........................................10 2.5 國外迷你倉儲火災事件 .................................. 11 2.6 國內外儲存倉庫防火相關法規 ............................. 16 2.7 初期滅火器具 ...........................................22 第三章 實驗計畫................................................................................................. 25 3.1 實驗目的 .............................................. 25 3.2 實驗規劃 .............................................. 25 3.3 實驗倉體介紹 .......................................... 25 3.4 實驗設備設置 .......................................... 30 3.5 實驗設定 ...............................................32 3.6 FDS電腦模擬設計... .................................... 39 第四章 結果與討論............................................................................................. 40 4.1 迷你倉庫類型之滅火器具實驗 ............................ 40 4.2 滅火球實驗 ............................................41 4.3 細水霧實驗 ............................................45 4.4 細水霧實驗數據比較 .................................... 56 4.5 簡易滅火器具實驗之小結 ................................ 66 4.6 FDS電腦模擬撒水設備 ................................... 68 4.7 FDS電腦模擬撒水之小結 ................................. 74 第五章 結論及建議............................................................................................. 75 5.1 結論 .................................................. 75 5.2 建議 .................................................. 76 參考文獻..................................................................................................................... 77

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