在電腦視覺的研究領域中，移動物體偵測與追蹤一直都是其中非常重要的研究之ㄧ，這些研究的成果可以被廣泛地應用在某些特定區域以及對某些重要的行為做監控的動作，因此移動物體偵測與追蹤的研究愈來愈受到重視。本論文主要是使用區域變異數法與鑽石型搜尋演算法來負責做移動物體偵測與追蹤的工作，並搭配具有兩個旋轉方向的數位攝影機來負責做自動轉動追蹤的工作，由此便可建構出以個人電腦為平台之即時移動物體自動追蹤系統。在本論文中，我們先經由數位攝影機擷取進來即時的連續時間影像，接著我們使用區域變異數法來偵測並框出移動物體的大小及位置，之後利用影像顏色值直方統計圖將偵測所得之移動物體影像的軀幹部份影像擷取出來作為特徵影像，最後再使用鑽石型搜尋法來追蹤移動物體的特徵影像，並可透過RS-232串列通訊埠來對數位攝影機進行轉動的控制，使得移動物體可以一直維持在畫面內而不會消失，如此便能達成移動物體自動追蹤的任務。

Motion detection and tracking has been an important research in the area of computer vision all the time. The achievements of the research can be widely applied to monitor some specific area and particular behavior. As a result, we pay more attention to the research of motion detection and tracking. In this thesis, we will use Between Variance algorithm and Diamond Search algorithm in motion detection and tracking. By collocating the digital camera which has 2-dimension rotation, we can track the moving object automatically. Therefore, we can construct the real-time automatic motion tracking system on PC-based platform. In this thesis, we pick up the run-on time images from digital camera first. Then, we detect the moving object and obtain its size and position by using Between Variance algorithm. Next, we pick up the image in the trunk of the moving object to be the target image by using color histogram. Finally, we track the target image of the moving object by using Diamond Search algorithm. And penetrates the RS-232 in series communication, we can control the digital camera to execute the rotation. Moreover, we must control the digital camera to keep the image of the moving object always on the screen and do not let it disappear. Thus, we can reach the task of automatic tracking.

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