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研究生: 林淵源
Yuan-Yuan Lin
論文名稱: 營造業感電死亡職災之事故類型
Accident Patterns for Electrical Fatalities in the Construction Industry
指導教授: 紀佳芬
Chia-Fen Chi
口試委員: 梁瓊如
Chiung-Ju Liang
楊文鐸
Wen-Dwo Yang
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 管理研究所
Graduate Institute of Management
論文出版年: 2012
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 61
中文關鍵詞: 感電死亡危害情境預防措施卡方自動互動檢視法
外文關鍵詞: Fatal electrocution, Accident scenario, Prevention measure, CHAID
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  • 本研究分析行政院勞工委員會於1996至2002年間250件營造業重大感電職業災害死亡案例,以媒介物為基準將各案例劃分至七種危害類型上(高壓電線、帶電設備、漏電或損壞設備),並將碰觸類型區分為直接碰觸與間接碰觸,間接碰觸透過的媒介物例如有起重機或懸臂車輛、金屬材料或管材與其他導電性材料等等。對每件重大感電職業災害案例中的年齡、雇用人數、工作經驗、作業別、媒介物、發生原因與危害類型等項目進行編碼,接著應用卡方自動互動檢視法(CHAID) 透過逐次搜尋處理多個屬性間(年齡、公司規模、經驗、作業別、媒介物、發生原因、危害類型)的相互關係,以找到預測因素之子集合,並可能獲得有意義的分類與危害情境。一系列的危害情境感電路徑圖是依照CHAID分析結果及結合路徑分析圖與可靠度區塊圖(RBD)方法所建構出來,每一危害情境感電路徑圖可以清楚說明電流的流動路徑與如何傳遞到受害者,且從每一個危害情境感電路徑圖中可以提出有效的預防措施以阻斷感電電流行進之路徑。


    The current study analyzed 250 electrical fatalities in the construction industry from 1996 to 2002 into seven patterns based on source of electricity (power line, energized equipment, improperly installed or damaged equipment), direct contact or indirect contact through some source of injury (boom vehicle, metal bar or pipe, and other conductive material). Each fatality was coded in terms of age, company size, experience, performing tasks, source of injury, accident cause and hazard pattern. The Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) was applied to the coded data of the fatal electrocution to find a subset of predictors that might derive meaningful classifications or accident scenarios. A series of flow diagrams was constructed based on CHAID result, flow diagram and Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) to illustrate the flow of electricity traveling from electrical source to human body. Each of the flow diagrams can be directly linked with feasible prevention strategies by cutting the flow of electricity.

    投稿 I 摘要 II ABSTRACT III 誌 謝 IV 目 錄 V 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 VIII 第一章 緒 論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的 2 第三節 研究範圍與限制 3 第四節 研究架構 4 第二章 文獻探討 5 第一節 職業災害與重大職業災害 5 第二節 營造業感電職業災害 5 第三節 感電職業災害屬性及類別 6 2.3.1 年齡、公司規模、工作經驗 7 2.3.2 作業別 8 2.3.3 媒介物 9 2.3.4 發生原因 10 2.3.5 危害類型 11 第四節 卡方自動互動檢視法 13 第五節 路徑圖分析 14 第三章 研究方法 18 第一節 以卡方自動互動檢視法重新分析事故案例 18 第二節 建構路徑流程圖分析 20 第四章 研究結果 24 第一節 卡方自動互動檢視法分析結果 24 第二節 建構感電情境路徑圖結果 28 4.2.1危害類型1(AS-1):勞工直接碰觸帶電之高壓電線 28 4.2.2危害類型2(AS-2):懸臂車輛碰觸高壓電線 29 4.2.3 危害類型3(AS-3.1、AS-3.2):金屬材料或手工具碰觸高壓電線 32 4.2.4 危害類型4(AS-4.1、AS-4.2):勞工直接碰觸帶電設備 33 4.2.5 危害類型5(AS-5):勞工間接碰觸帶電設備 35 4.2.6 危害類型6(AS-6.1、AS-6.2):勞工直接碰觸損壞的設備 35 4.2.7 危害類型7(AS-7.1至AS-7.4):勞工間接碰觸損壞的設備 37 第五章 結論與建議 39 第一節 結論 39 第二節 建議 42 參考文獻 43 附錄 47 一、感電職災CHAID分析樹狀圖 47 二、加強防範線路工作感電事故注意要點(參考版) 48 三、防範發電廠及變電所工作感電事故注意要點(參考版) 53 四、工作安全檢查表 58 作者簡介 61

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