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研究生: 黃錫芳
Hsifang - Huang
論文名稱: 以集體建構論者觀點評估Blackboard數位學習系統無紙化教學實驗對EFL寫作之影響研究
Assessing the Blackboard LMS Paperless Semester Experiment on EFL Writing from a Communal Constructivist Perspective
指導教授: 周若漢
Robert Johanson
口試委員: 陳聖傑
Sheng-Jie Chen
賀一平
I-Ping Ho
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 人文社會學院 - 應用外語系
Department of Applied Foreign Languages
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 120
中文關鍵詞: 無紙化教學實驗數位學習系統電腦媒介溝通電腦輔助語言學習集體建構論
外文關鍵詞: computer assisted language learning (CALL), computer-mediated communication (CMC), learning management system (LMS), paperless semester experiment, communal constructivism
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  • 本篇碩士論文詳細闡明了在台灣一所重點科技大學應用外語系,所進行持續一年的無紙化教學實驗的結果。系上的一位美籍老師,透過高度融合Blackboard數位學習系統及傳統面對面教學方式,在他所教授的十個英語寫作相關的課堂中進行此項研究。具體來說,此研究以受Vygotsky的社會文化理論所影響的集體建構論者觀點,來評估師生之間及學生之間對電腦媒介溝通的互動情況,而此認識論觀點則視人類的學習為參與學習社群與否的差別。
    研究資料按照描述性人類學的方式記錄,並透過結構性及半結構性訪談、參與觀察法、研究者及參與研究學生的反思日誌、Blackboard數位學習系統同步及非同步的電腦媒介溝通記錄、選擇性的課堂錄音、Blackboard數位學習系統的統計資料、及學生的課程評鑑,並採用Strauss和Corbin (1998)的紮根理論的編碼程序進行資料分析。
    研究結果顯示,Blackboard數位學習系統雖然常常讓主要參與的老師及學生們不滿意,但是不可否認的,它的確有很大潛力,不僅只是方便的線上檔案儲藏室、一種時髦環保的方法來節省天然資源、或是傳統教學方式的替代方案,相反的,它還可以促進師生間及學生之間深度且大量的互動,它提供了一個平台或是一個溝通的橋樑,給參與對話者一個真實的英語學習情境來互相學習。此外參與的老師還發現到Blackboard數位學習系統,不但可以提供他一扇窗來觀察學生長時間的中介語言發展,還可以給予學生同步及非同步的機會來評論彼此英文寫作的文章。
    然而,客觀地來看,這種突然增加的電腦媒介溝通及互動,帶來了一些預期及非預期的挑戰。可預見的是,線上互動的增加,讓每個參與的人必須投入大量的時間。更出人意外的是,參與的老師發現到,要放棄他受學生崇敬的聖人形象,並採用更具彈性的教學方式,來適應數位學習的需求,是相當困難的一件事。本研究報告雖然有其限制,對於在台灣或其它地方,想要提升並投入高度融合的數位學習環境的人來說,還是有所幫助。


    This master’s report delineates the comprehensive findings of a one-year paperless semester experiment conducted in an applied foreign languages program at a major technological university in Taiwan via the “hyper-hybridization” of the Blackboard Learning Management System and face-to-face instruction in ten of the foreign instructor’s English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing-related courses. More specifically, the study was conducted with the goal of assessing the instructor-student and student-students’ observed and reported assessments of their computer-mediated communication (CMC) interactions from a Vygotskian sociocultural communal constructivist epistemological perspective that viewed human learning as variations of participation and non-participation in learning communities.
    Data were gathered ethnographically via structured and semi-structured interviews, participant observations, the researchers’ and student-participants’ reflective journals, Bb LMS synchronous and asynchronous CMC, audio-recordings of selected courses, Bb LMS statistics, and students’ course evaluations, and were analyzed according to Strauss and Corbin’s (1998) grounded theory data codification procedures.
    Results indicate that the Bb LMS, admittedly often a source of dissatisfaction among both the focal participant instructor and the student participants, has tremendous potential in serving as more than merely a convenient online filing repository, a trendy “green” way of saving natural resources, or an alternative to “traditional” teaching methods. On the contrary, the Bb LMS fostered deep student-instructor and student-student interactions and acted as a platform or bridge upon which interlocutors could scaffold each others’ learning’ in authentic target-language (English) learning contexts. Moreover, the instructor reported that the Bb LMS proffered the instructor a window through which to view students’ protracted interlanguage development and “afforded” students the chance to comment on each others’ written texts both synchronously and asynchronously.
    Viewed objectively, however, this flurry of increased CMC interactions ushered in a number of expected and unexpected challenges. Predictably, heightened online interactions required a substantial time commitment on everyone’s part. The instructor found it difficult to surrender his revered “sage-on-the-stage” persona in favor of a more flexible teaching style that better accommodated e-learning demands. This report, albeit fraught with its own limitations, might be of interest to those who wish to upgrade their commitment to the creation of “hyper-hybridized” e-learning contexts in Taiwan and beyond.

    中文摘要i ABSTRACTiii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSv TABLE OF CONTENTSvii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION1 1.1 Background and Motivation 2 1.2 Purpose of the Study3 1.3 Research Questions5 1.4 Significance of the Study 6 1.5 Definition of Terms7 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 10 2.1 Web-based Learning10 2.2 Computer-Mediated Communication12 2.2.1 Synchronous CMC: Online Chat13 2.2.2 Asynchronous CMC: E-mail and Online Discussion Board 14 2.3 The Blackboard Learning Management System16 2.3.1 Technology Acceptance Model20 2.4 Sociocultural Theory and Language Learning 21 2.4.1 Peer Editing in EFL Writing24 2.4.2 Communal Constructivism26 2.5 Learner-Centered Instruction in EFL Writing27 2.6 Willingness to Communicate in the Second Language29 2.7 Language Anxiety31 2.8 Chapter Summary33 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY34 3.1 Research Design34 3.2 Participants36 3.3 The Researcher37 3.4 Data Collection and Analysis37 3.4.1 Think-Aloud Protocols 40 3.4.2 Triangulation Measures40 CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION42 4.1 Overview of the Blackboard LMS PSE42 4.2 General Description of BB LMS PSE Challenges43 4.3 Positive and Negative Aspects of the BB LMS PSE44 4.3.1 Positive Aspects of Bb LMS PSE from Instructor’s Perspective45 4.3.2 Positive Aspects of Bb LMS PSE from Students’ Perspectives46 4.3.3 Negative Aspects of Bb LMS PSE for Instructor48 4.3.4 Negative Aspects of Bb LMS PSE for Students49 4.4 Student-instructor Interactions51 4.5 Student-student Interactions51 4.6 Ensuing Identity Shifts53 CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSIONS55 5.1 Summary of the Findings55 5.2 Pedagogical Implication57 5.3 Limitations of the Study62 5.4 Suggestions for Future Study63 REFERENCES64 APPENDIX A77 APPENDIX B82 APPENDIX C88 APPENDIX D92 APPENDIX E96 APPENDIX F104 APPENDIX G105

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