研究生: |
邱奕鐙 Yi-Deng Chiou |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
寬廣工作電位窗口圖案化碳微管之微型化電容器 Miniature electrochemical capacitors of patterned carbon nanotubes with a wide working potential window |
指導教授: |
蔡大翔
Dah-Shyang Tsai |
口試委員: |
李奎毅
Kuei-Yi Lee 余子隆 Tzyy-Lung Yu |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
工程學院 - 化學工程系 Department of Chemical Engineering |
論文出版年: | 2012 |
畢業學年度: | 100 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 185 |
中文關鍵詞: | 超高電容器 、奈米碳管 、軟性基板 、有機電解質 、膠態電解質 、離子液體 |
外文關鍵詞: | Ultracapacitor, Carbon nanotubes, Flexible substrate, organic electrolyte, gel electrolyte, ionic liquid |
相關次數: | 點閱:645 下載:1 |
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本研究探討碳微管微型化超高電容器製作,並分析三種微型化超高電容器分別在在目前市面上常用的1M LiPF6,EC:DMC=1:1(v/v)有機電解液,PVdF-HFP為基質的膠態電解液,和1M TEABF4/PC離子液體之不同工作電位窗口的特性。此三種超高電容器特色為垂直陣列碳微管指叉式電極,電容器電極圖型製作是經由黃光微影蝕刻、化學氣相沉積法。梳狀電極的指梳間隔為20 μm,移轉前我們能先在表面濺鍍一層金以利電流收集,再將電極反轉並移轉至可饒式的電性膠帶上,以CNT_CNTx代表不同電容器。我們更進一步的利用循環伏安法、交流阻抗、恆電流充放電和穩定測試測量其電化學特性。
利用1M LiPF6,EC:DMC=1:1(v/v)有機電解液測量的對稱性電容器 CNT_CNTo可以被操作至寬廣的電位窗口4.0 V,由於電解液具有良好的離子移動性,因此較低等效串連電阻(ESR)(1.53 cm2)。結合了寬廣電位窗口與高導電率電解液使CNT_CNTo電容器具有良好的電化學表現,電流密度30 Ag-1充放電情況下,4.0 V電位窗口,CNT_CNTo電容器放電能量密度和功率密度分別為19.7 Whkg-1、57.54 kWkg-1;PVdF-HFP為基質的膠態電解質也可以操作至4.0 V,但CNT_CNTg電容器ESR值稍高(1.97 cm2)。雖然膠態電解液阻抗值較高,但膠態電解質具有固定且防止CNT電極之間短路的優點。電流密度30 Ag-1充放電情況下,4.0 V電位窗口,CNT_CNTg電容器放電能量密度和功率密度分別為16.5 Whkg-1、55.5 kWkg-1。1M TEABF4/PC離子液體的電壓窗口為2.8 V,相對於另外兩個電容器電位窗口較狹窄且CNT_CNTi的ESR值較高(2.45 cm2),因此其電容器能量與功率密度相較於前面兩種的電容器低。電流密度10 Ag-1充放電情況下,2.8 V電位窗口,CNT_CNTi電容器放電能量密度和功率密度分別為2.0 Wh kg-1、15.2 kWkg-1。
We have investigated preparation and properties of three miniaturized ultracapacitors with different working potential windows, which are governed by the commercial available electrolytes of 1M LiPF6,EC:DMC=1:1(v/v) organic electrolyte, PVdF-HFP-based gel electrolyte, and 1M TEABF4/PC ionic liquid. The three ultracapacitors are featured with interdigital electrodes of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs), patterned and grown using the standard technologies of photolithography and chemical vapor deposition. The comb-like electrodes of 20 μm spacing, denoted as CNT_CNTx, are later sputtered with gold, inverted, and transferred to a plastic tape, which allows the capacitor be integrated with flexible electronics. We further measured the electrochemical properties using using cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, galvanostatic charge/ discharge test, and stability test.
With the organic electrolyte of 1M LiPF6,EC:DMC=1:1(v/v), the symmetric capacitor CNT_CNTo can be operated in a wide potential window 4.0 V. And the sufficient ion conductivity of this electrolyte gives a minimum equivalent series resistance (ESR) 1.53 cm2. Combination of wide potential window and conductive electrolyte makes possible the best performance of CNT_CNTo. At a current density of 30 Ag-1 and a window 4.0 V, the CNT_CNTo cell discharges at a power level 57.5 kWkg-1 with energy density 19.7 Wh kg-1. The interdigital CNT electrodes in the PVdF-HFP-based gel electrolyte can also be operated in the potential widow 4.0 V, but the ESR value of this capacitor CNT_CNTg is slightly higher, 1.97 cm2. Although the resistance of gel electrolyte is slightly larger, but the gel has the advantage of preventing the probable short circuiting between two opposing CNT electrodes. The cell CNT_CNTg, at current density of 30 Ag-1 and a window 4.0V, discharges at a power level 55.5 kWkg-1 with energy density 16.5 Wh kg-1. The potential window of 1M TEABF4/PC ionic liquid of CNT_CNTi is 2.8 V, which is relatively narrow compared with the other two capacitors. And the ESR value of CNT_CNTi is also higher, 2.45 cm2. Hence its capacitor power and energy densities are inferior to those of the previous two cells. The CNT_CNTi cell, at current density 10 A g-1 and a window 2.8 V, discharges at a power level 15.2 kWkg-1 with energy density 2.0 Wh kg-1.
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