普遍的廢水處理方法大致分為以下三種：物理法、化學法、生物法，其中生物法是藉由活性污泥中微生物進行廢水的汙染物降解，對於環境衝擊小、環保且更符合經濟效益。為達成更高的標準，本研究著重於生物處理法，最終目標以開發活性污泥中之潛力菌種增進石化廢水降解效益。
本研究分為三大部分，第一部分：以萃取和衍生化方法分析高鹽、AN廢水成份，包含高鹽、丙腈等，以此建立基礎且完整的廢水環境資訊；第二部分：利用次世代定序(Next Generation Sequencing, NGS)了解各活性污泥組成，再從各種活性污泥(Sludge A, B, C, D)篩選出數種環境微生物，以及生物資源保存及研究中心(BCRC)購入相似能力的微生物，一併進行比較；第三部分，測試處理後廢水經菌種降解之化學需氧量(COD)前後變化並推測其降解途徑。
第一部分，藉由氣相層析儀GC-Mass進行廢水內的化學組成分析後，其各股廢水分別為苯酚類衍生化合物、含氯的鹵素化合物、腈化物暨雜環化合物等，而合併利用矽基衍生化後之廢水內化合物組成，則進一步發現廢水內含酯類、醇類，其中含有相當多的甘油組分。
第二部分，藉由活性污泥搭配數種培養液以及數種碳源，篩選出的數種環境微生物多為變形菌門(Proteobacteria)以及放線菌門(Actinobacteria)。並且發現篩選菌種在活性污泥中所佔之比率較低。
第三部分，特定條件培養下，高鹽廢水經由篩選後特定微生物物種所得之COD降解比率，可達約40%。另外，由丙烯腈(AN)廢水，所篩選之單一菌系，其COD含量可降低達43%。
經由本論文所進行的研究，得以篩選出數株變形菌與放射菌(以門為基礎)作為高鹽與AN廢水等化工汙染廢水的主體微生物系統，後續鹽就可著重於如何優化相關菌系在廢水中的族群，以增進各式石化廢水處理的效能。

In general, there are three methods for wastewater treatment: phyiscal, chemical, and biological methods. The biological process usually conducted by microorganisms in the activated sludge is ecofriendly and economical. In order to achieve higher level reduction of chemical pollution in wastewater, this research willing to delineate the major bacterial species that is responsible for the bioremediation of the specific chemical components for wastewater treatment. The ultimate goal is to find out the potential bacteria in the activated sludge and improve the bioremediation efficiency for the wastewater treatment of petroleum chemicals in wastewater.
There are three parts in this thesis research. First, the research analyzed the chemical components in wastewater via extraction and derivatization via silylation to establish environmental information in wastewater. Secondly, the Next Generation Sequencing(NGS) methods are employed to diclose the major bacterial strains of each activated sludge that are responsible for remediation of the high salt and acrylic nitrile wastewater. It also isolated several bacteria strains from a series of sludge samples(Sludge A, B, C, D) to examine their degradation efficiencies of the petrochemicals in waste water. For comparison, it also targeted on some of the bacteria strains from the Bioresources Collection and Research Center (BCRC) in Taiwan, which can perform significant biodegradation activity for wastewater treatment. Finally, it measured the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of wastewaters after biodegradation and assessed the degradation pathway.
Within the wastewater, it has identified a series of phenol-derived compounds, chlorinated compounds, and nitriles. Most of esters or alcohols were found in the silylated chemicals derivatized from wastewater including glycerol.
Furthermore, several environmental bacteria were isolated from activated sludge by P1 and Mineral Salt Basal Medium(MSB) media with carbon sources including pyridine. Most of them are belong to Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. According to NGS data, the isolated bacteria is accounted for a lower proportion in the activated sludge.
Finally, the high-salt wastewater after wastewater treatment can be further degraded by our isolated strain up to 40% . Besides, the COD values of acrylonitrile wastewater after MBR with another specific strain identified from the activated sludge can also be optimized by additional 43%.
In this study, it would be able to identify several bacterialstrains including Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. In future, it anticipates optimize their population in the activated sludge to improve the efficiency for the removal of the polluted petrochemicals from the high-salt and acrylonitrile wastewater.

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