近年來，由於石油燃料的枯竭和環境污染與日俱增，使得再生能源系統的發展日益增加。再生能源當中，太陽能（PV）發電系統（PGS）為一個方便且有潛力的解決方案，因為它產出的電能是由太陽能輻射直接轉換而成的，不會對環境造成污染。使用太陽能電池所面臨的挑戰主要是其I-V特性是非線性的，使得其P-V曲線上會有唯一的最大功率點（MPP）。因此，發展出具有響應速度快且在任何天氣條件都能夠有效地利用所產生的電力之最大功率點追蹤（MPPT）技術是必需的。本文提出以直線近似法為基礎之簡單而快速的MPPT方法，所提出的技術模型為使用數值近似之非線性的I-V特性的太陽能電池，利用最小平方法精確地模擬MPP的軌跡。本文以類比的方式，使用低成本、低功耗的類比元件來實現。類比電路實現的優點涵括成本競爭力和尺寸的緊密度，根據模擬和實驗結果可證明所提出的方法有響應速度快、追蹤精確度高的優點。

Recently, as the fossil fuel exhaustion and environmental pollutions are intensified, interests on developing renewable energy systems have been increased continuously. Among those renewable energy sources, the photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems (PGS) become a convenient and promising solution because they produce electric power without introducing environmental pollution by directly transforming solar irradiations into electricity. A major challenge for using the PV cell is that its I–V characteristics is nonlinear, which results in a unique maximum power point (MPP) on its P–V curve. Therefore, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique which has quick response and is able to make good use of the electric power generated in any weather condition is required. In this thesis, a simple and fast MPPT method based on linear approximation method is proposed. The presented technique models the nonlinear I–V characteristics of the solar panel using numerical approximations. Least squares method is utilized to accurately model the MPP locus. The proposed method is implemented in analog form using low-cost, low-power analog components. The advantages of the analog circuit implementation include cost competitiveness and compactness of size. According to the simulation and experimental results, the proposed method boasts the advantages of fast response and high tracking accuracy.

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