本論文主要針對壓電陶瓷材料進行能量擷取系統的整合研究與分析，探討單層的壓電陶瓷平板和加強結構剛性與機電耦合效率的多層組合壓電陶瓷雙晶片的差異，並且利用了不同電極切割設計、電極連接方法與極化方向堆疊的方式等，進行實驗量測與數值計算的比較。爾後，探討壓電陶瓷材料的動態特性以及其振動發電效率，並評估單層壓電陶瓷平板振動與發電效率的電極設計方法，和多層壓電雙晶片的極化方向堆疊形式之振動與發電效率。
本研究之壓電材料實驗量測使用三種量測設備來協助進行分析，包括全域式的電子斑點干涉術（Electric Speckle Pattern Interferometry，簡稱ESPI）可針對壓電材料進行即時量測，記錄三維振動的模態振形與共振頻率的參考依據；雷射都卜勒振動儀（Laser Doppler Vibrometer，簡稱LDV）可針對壓電材料單點的面外（out-of-plane）振動進行穩態掃頻量測位移分析，並且可以獲得壓電材料的面外共振頻率；阻抗分析儀（Impedance Analyzer）則針對壓電材料的電性作量測，可獲得面內振動的共振頻率，同時亦可獲得反共振頻率。對於壓電材料的動態特性有了詳細的了解後，透過改變電壓和頻率去驅動振動器以激振壓電試片，擷取壓電材料因為正壓電效應而產生的交流與直流電壓，並接上發光二極體配合光功率計量測其光強度變化。所有實驗量測結果皆與有限元素數值計算進行分析比較，結果得到無論在共振頻率或振動模態的比較上皆可互相對應，正規化位移量比較理論解析與實驗量測皆與壓電材料於各方向振動之強度相符，更提出有限元素計算之電動勢梯度（Electrical Potential Gradient Vector and Magnitude，EPG）來預測模態效率並與實驗結果相互對應，作為電極設計與機電耦合效率的指標，故以電極設計的方式有效地提升模態的效率。最後將單層壓電陶瓷平板與串聯型、並聯型的壓電陶瓷雙晶片以串聯連接方式進行逆壓電效應與能量擷取系統實驗量測，獲得串聯型壓電陶瓷雙晶片以串聯連接方式有最佳的模態效率，而並聯型壓電陶瓷雙晶片以串聯連接方式與單層陶瓷平板的模態效率呈現相似地效果。

The energy harvesting systems of piezoelectric material are investigated in this project. The piezoceramic plate and bimorphs are used to perform the vibration characteristics by experimental measurements and finite element method (FEM). Thereafter, the dynamic characteristics and the electromechanical coupling efficiency of the piezoelectric energy harvesting system are studied by the electrode design method of the single-layer piezceramic plate and by series electrically connection of piezoelectric bimorphs with different polarizations. This study thoroughly analyzed vibration dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric materials by experimental measurements and numerical calculations. Several experimental techniques are used to measure the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric materials. First, the full-filed optical technique, amplitude-fluctuation electronic speckle pattern interferometry (AF-ESPI), can measure simultaneously the resonant frequencies and mode shapes for out-of-plane and in-plane vibrations. Second, the pointwise measurement system, laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV), can obtain resonant frequencies by dynamic signal swept-sine analysis. Third, the correspondent in-plane resonant frequencies and anti-resonant frequencies are obtained by impedance analysis. The experimental results of vibration characteristics are verified with numerical calculations. After the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric materials are analyzed in converse piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric materials are excited by shaker to generate the electric voltage and applied on the stimulation of LED. It has excellent consistence between resonant frequencies and mode shapes on the vibration characteristics by experimental measurements and finite element numerical calculations. In this study, the Electrical Potential Gradient （EPG） calculated by FEM is proposed to evaluate the electromechanical coupling efficiency of piezoceramic plate on the specific vibration mode. The correspondent electrode configuration, which is designed by EPG, can produce the best electromechanical transfer both in direct and converse piezoelectric effects. Finally, the series piezoelectric bimorpf in series connection shows the best out put of electric voltage and light intensity of LED, than the case of parallel piezoelectric bimorph in series connection and single-layer piezoceramic plate. It is concluded that the vibration characteristics of piezoelectric materials have excellent consistence determined by experimental measurements and FEM.

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