本論文旨在討論以含氯活性碳為載體所製備的Ni/C-Cl觸媒特性，所使用的含氯活性碳，以鹽酸及次氯酸鈉反應產生氯氣，讓活性碳吸附製成，所製備的觸媒以SEM-EDX、TPD、X-ray及APT滴定等方式鑑定其物性及化性，並以連續流動式微反應器測定其甲醇羰基化活性。

在觸媒的鑑定中發現Ni/C-Cl觸媒比Ni/C觸媒具有更多的鹼性官能基，且能吸附更多的反應物（甲醇和一氧化碳），反應後的Ni/C-Cl亦能吸附更多的甲基碘，這些因素卻使得Ni/C-Cl觸媒的反應活性較Ni/C為高。不過當反應溫度超過270℃時，Ni/C-Cl上的氯和碘會大量流失，使得反應活性不再比Ni/C好，變得跟Ni/C觸媒十分相似。
在活性碳以吸附氯改質時，以不同吸附溫度改質的活性碳製備的觸媒，進行甲醇羰基化反應，其活性並無明顯差異。

The goal of this research is to explore the catalytic properties of a novel Ni/C-Cl catalyst prepared from chlorine containing activated carbon. The carbon is prepared by adsorbing chlorine generated from hydrochloric acid and sodium hypochloride. The properties of the catalyst thus prepared are then characterized by SEM-EDX, TPD, XRD and ATP. The activity of the catalyst in the carbonylation of methanol is measured in a continuous flow micro-reactor.

Comparing to Ni/C catalyst, Ni/C-Cl catalyst has more basic functional groups on its surface, and can adsorbs more reactants (methanol and carbon monoxide). After being on stream for a certain time, Ni/C-Cl catalyst also contains more methyl iodide than Ni/C. These factors make Ni/C-Cl has higher activity than Ni/C. The chlorine in Ni/C-Cl catalyst will disappear at a reaction temperature above 270 oC. The disappearance makes the activity of the Ni/C-Cl catalyst similar to that of Ni/C. Finally, the Ni/C-Cl catalysts prepared from the carbon of varied chlorinating temperature show about the same activity in the carbonylation of methanol.

Andersen, S. L. T. and M. S. Scurrell, “Observations on an Alternative Route for the Preparation of Rh-Zeolites Active in the Carbonylation of Methanol”, J. Mol. Catal., 18, 375（1983）.

Boehm H. P., “Some Aspects of the Surface Chemistry of Carbon and other Carbons”, Carbon, 32, 5, 759-769（1994）.

Blasio, N. D., M. R. Wright, E. Tempesti, “The Relative Importance of Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Methanol Carbonylation Using Supported Rhodium Catalysts in the Liquid Phase”, J. Organomet. Chem., 551, 229-234（1998）.

Christensen, B. and M. S. Scurrell, ”Selectivity of a Heterogeneous Rhodium Catalyst for the Carbonylation of Monohydric Alcohols”, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday. Trans. I, 73, 2036（1977）.

Ellis, B., M. J. Howard, R. W. Joyner, 11th International Congress on Catalysis-40th Anniversary：Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 1996.

Forster, D., “Kinetic and Spectroscopic Studies of the Carbonylation of Methanol with an Iodide-Promoted Iridium Catalyst”, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton. Trans. Ⅱ, 1639-1645（1979）.

Feliter, D., “Production of Carboxylic Acids and Esters”, U. S. Pat., 5,026,907（1986）.

Forster, D. and T. C. Singleton, “Homogenous Catalytic Reaction of Methanol with Carbon Monoxide”, J. Mol. Catal., 17, 299-314（1982）.

Fujimoto, K., T. Shilkada, K. Omata and H. Tominaga, ”Vapor Phase Carbonylation of Methanol with Solid Acid Catalysts”, Chem. Lett., 2047（1984）.

Fonseca, A. , K. Hernadi, B. Nagy, D. Bernaerts, A. A. Lucas, ”Optimization of Catalytic Production and Purification of Buckytubes”, J. Mol. Catal., 107, 159-168（1996）.

Grove, H. D., “Lowest Cost Acetic Acid via Methanol”, Hydrocarbon, 51, 76,（1972）.

Howard, M. J., M. D. Jones, M. S. Roberts, “C1 to Acetyls：Catalysis and Process”, Catal. Today, 18, 325-354（1993）.

Hamato K., T. Minami, K. Shimokawa, Y. Shiroto, N. Yoneda, “Supported Rhodium Catalyst, Method of Preparing Same and Process of Producing Acetic Acid by Methanol Carbonylation Using Same”, U. S. Pat., 5,364,963（1994）.

Isshiki, T., Y. Kijima, Y. Miyauchi, T. Kondo, “Process for Producing Carboxylic Acids”, U. S. Pat., 4,620,033（1986）.

Jiang, H., Z. Y. Liu, P. L. Pan, “A Novel Supported Catalyst for the Carbonylation of Methanol “, J. Mol. Catal. A, 148, 215-225（1999）.

Jarrel, M. S., and B. C. Gates, “Methanol Carbonylation Catalyzed by a Polymer-Bound Rhoudium（Ⅰ）Complex”, J. Catal., 40, 225-267（1975）.

Jean, G.-L., R. Perron, “Preparation of Carbonylic Acids by Carbonylation of Alcohols”, U. S. Pat., 4,351,953（1982）.

Krzywicki, A., and M. Marcezwski, “Formation and Evolution of the Active Site for Methanol Carbonylation on Oxide Catalysts” J. Mol. Catal., 6, 431（1979）.

Thomas, C. M., and G. Suss-Fink, “Ligand Effects in the Rhodium Catalyzed Carbonylation of Methanol”, Coord. Chem. Rev.,243,125-142（2003） .

Liu, T. C. and S. J. Chiu, “Promoting Effect of Tin on Ni/C Catalyst for Methanol Carbonylation”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 33, 488-492（1994）.

Muller, F.-J., D. Matt, ”Preparation of Acetic Acid and Methyl Acetate”, U. S. Pat., 4,918,218（1990）.

Merenov, A. S., M. A. Abraham, “Catalyzing the Carbonylation of Methanol Using a Heterogeneous Vapor Phase Catalyst”, Catal. Today, 40, 397-404（1998）.

Merenov, A. S., A. Nelson, and M. A. Abraham, “Support Effect of Nickel on Activated Carbon as Catalyst for Vapor Phase Methanol Carbonylation”, Catal. Today, 55,91-101（2000）.

Matsumoto, T., T. Mizoroki and A. Qzaki, “Mechanistic Study of Methanol Carbonylation Catalyzed by an Iridium Complex in the Presence of Methyl Iodide”, J. Catal., 51, 96-100（1978）.

Peng, F. and X. B. Fu, “Direct Vapor Phase Carbonylation of Methanol at Atmospheric Pressure on Activated Carbon Supported NiCl2-CuCl2 Catalysts”, Catal. Today, 93-95,451-455（2004）.

Roth, J. F., J. H. Craddock, A. Hershman, and F. E. Paulik, ”Low Pressure Process for Acetic acid via Carbonylation of Methanol”, Chem Tech. Oct., 600-605（1971）.

Sunley, G. J. and D. J. Watson, “High Productivity Methanol Carbonylation Catalysis Using Iridium – the CativaTM Process for the Manufacture of Acetic Acid”, Catal. Today, 58, 293-307（2000）.

Wegman, R. W. and D. J Schreck, “Production of Carboxylic Acids from Alcohols Using Rhodium Complex Catalysts and Organic Ester Source”, U. S. Pat., 5,026,907（1991）.

Webber, K. M., B. C. Gates, and W. Drenth, “Design and Synthesis of a Solid Bifunctional Polymer Catalyst for Methanol Carbonylation”, J. Catal., 47, 269（1997）.

Weymouth, F. J. and A. F. Millidge, “The Manufacture and Use of Acetic acid”, Chemistry and Industry, May, 887-893（1966）.
Yashima, T. Y., Y. Orikasa, N. Takahashi and N. Hara, “Vapor Phase Carbonylation of Methanol over Rh-Y Zeolite”, J. Catal., 59, 53-60（1979）.

Yoneda, N., S. Kusano, M. Yasui, P. Pujado , and S. Wilcher, “Recent Advances in Processes and Catalysts for the Production of Acetic Acid”,
Appl. Catal. A., 221, 253-265（2001）.

陳吟足,”硼化鎳/活性碳觸媒於甲醇碳基化反應之研究”, 第六屆觸媒及反應工程研討會（1989）.

林俊發, ”使用鎳/活性碳為觸媒隻甲醇羰基化反應”, 技術學院化工系碩士論文（1990）.

林敬堯, “甲醇在Rh/C及Rh/NaX觸媒上之羰基化反應”, 技術學院化工系碩士論文（1995）.

蔡宗凱, ”碳纖維及活性碳承載之鎳觸媒於甲醇羰基反應之比較研究” 技術學院化工系碩士論文（1997）.

田鴻立, “以硫與磷改質後之活性碳纖維為擔體所進行之非均勻相觸媒甲醇羰基化反應研究”, 臺灣科技大學化工系碩士論文（1998）.

應志鴻, “以半活化活性碳製備Ni/C觸媒進行甲醇羰基化反應之研究”,臺灣科技大學化工系碩士論文 （2001）.
莊坤榮, “奈米碳管的觸媒性質及羰基化活性”臺灣科技大學化工系碩士論文（2004）.

王建翔, “奈米碳管的改質與羰基化活性”臺灣科技大學化工系碩士論文.（2005）.