薄膜液晶顯示器工業產生大量的汙泥。此研究的目的為透過定性與定量分析來了解乾燥後與鍛燒後污泥的性質並探討利用硝酸萃取污泥中磷與微量元素的可行性。實驗結果說明了當利用0.5 N 或1.0 N 的硝酸進行萃取時，磷、鈣與微量元素(除了鉬之外)都可以被完全的萃取出來。此外，萃取的效率會隨著液固比的增加而增加，然而萃取的效率卻不隨著溫度的增加而發生任何的改變。
X光螢光分析結果顯示污泥與鍛燒後的污泥其組成成分並無太大的差異，大部分的成分為鈣、磷與鉀。從場發射式電子顯微鏡的結果得知，污泥大都由不規則的晶體所組成且為無定型相。X光繞射分析指出較顯著的成分為氟化鈣 (CaF2)、氫氧基磷灰石 (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, hydroxyapatite) 與氟磷灰石 (Ca10(PO4)6F2, flourapatite)。毒性特性溶出程序的結果指出不管是污泥或鍛燒後的污泥所含傳統重金屬，如銅、鋅，其對環境與人體的風險都相當低；然而，微量元素，如鍶、鉬、鉭等濃度偏高，其風險值得進一步研究。

This study investigated the qualitative and quantitative of sludge before and after sintering as well as the leaching of phosphorus and trace elements from phosphorus-containing sludge from thin-film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) manufacturing using nitric acid. Leaching percentage of phosphorus, calcium and trace elements (except for Mo) were nearly 100% when using 0.5 N nitric acid or 1.0 N nitric acid. In addition, the leaching percentage increased with increasing liquid-solid ratios. The leaching process was not significantly affected by temperature.
The XRF results showed that the chemical compositions of dried and sintered sludge were similar, mostly composed of phosphorus, calcium and potassium. XRD analysis showed that the dominant phase was hydroxyapatite (HAP), flourapatite (FAP), and calcium fluoride (CaF2). TCLP results indicated that both dried and sintered sludge were not hazardous. However, high concentrations of strontium, molybdenum and tantalum were found, and their risks to the environment and human health deserve further research and assessment.

巫鴻章、林畢修平、董金龍、陳睿斌、蔡明珊，「高效率有機污泥生物減量技術
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