大面積UV LCD區域控光光固化積層製造系統設計開發與製作研究

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研究生：	蘇梓豪 Tzu-Hao Su
論文名稱：	大面積UV LCD區域控光光固化積層製造系統設計開發與製作研究 Research on Design , Development and Manufacturing of Large-area UV LCD Local-dimming Vat Photopolymerization Additive Manufacturing System
指導教授：	鄭正元 Jeng-Ywam Jeng 林鼎晸 Ding-Zheng Lin
口試委員:	鄭正元 Jeng-Ywam Jeng 林鼎晸 Ding-Zheng Lin 謝志華 Chih-Hua Hsieh
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工程學院 - 機械工程系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2023
畢業學年度：	111
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	108
中文關鍵詞：	大面積 3D 列印、光固化、高速列印、UVLED 、背光模組、區域控光、黑位固化、拉拔力
外文關鍵詞：	Large-area 3D printing, Vat Photopolymerization, high-speed printing, UVLED, backlight module, Local-dimming, black level curing phenomenon, separation force
相關次數：	點閱：324 下載：0
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在積層製造(Additive Manufacturing, AM)技術的不斷發展下，已然成為
一種新的生產技術，其獨特的加法製造能夠做到傳統加工技術所無法製造之
設計與外型；但此技術仍限制於加工速度及生產數量兩大缺點，以至於無法
大量取代傳統加工。
而在積層製造中的光固化技術，LCD 技術有著最快速的發展，精細度隨
著面板技術的進步有著顯著的提升；但 LCD 有著對比度低此先天性的缺點，
當液晶關閉後仍會有光穿透，導致未預期固化物的產生。
本實驗室於 2021 年製作出全台灣第一台，465nm 波長段之 32 吋光固化
3D 列印機，提升光固化列印產量，而本研究中進一步將列印面積擴大至 50
吋，並將光源更換為更符合市場需求之 405nm 波長背光，同時結合 135 區
區域控光技術(Local-dimming)，以此提升螢幕對比度和解決黑位固化物的產
生。研究中透過背光模組的搭配、多軸向精度分析、區域控光光強測試、黑
位固化實際值與理論值的對比、拉拔力極大列列印等實驗，驗證機台的實際
生產能力。
本研究結果顯示出，此 50 吋機台搭配光學膜片形式的背光模組，能以
較低成本的方式達到更好的光均勻度，且搭配區域控光技術後，能夠大幅減
少未預期固化物的產生，並大幅降低機台功耗節省能源，相比於市面上之大
面積列印機台，本機台能夠以更高的生產效率，大量製造出不同物件。

Under the continuous development of Additive Manufacturing (AM)
technology , it has emerged as a new production technique that enables the creation
of designs and shapes that are beyond the capabilities of traditional processing
methods. However , this technology still has two major limitations : processing
speed and production quantity , which prevent it from fully replacing traditional
manufacturing methods.
In the realm of additive manufacturing, Vat Photopolymerization has
witnessed rapid advancements, particularly in LCD technology. The precision has
significantly improved alongside advancements in panel technology. However,
LCDs inherently suffer from low contrast ratios, as they allow light to pass through
even when the liquid crystal is turned off, resulting in the production of unintended
cured materials.
In our laboratory, we developed the first 32-inch vat photopolymerization 3D
printer with 465nm wavelength in Taiwan in 2021, which enhanced the
productivity of photopolymerization printing. In this study, we further expanded
the printer size to 50 inches and replaced the light source with 405nm wavelength
backlight that better aligns with market demands. Additionally, we integrated 135-
zone local-dimming technology to improve screen contrast and address the issue
of unintended curing of dark areas. Through experiments involving backlight
module integration, multi-axis precision analysis, local-dimming light intensity
III
testing, comparison between actual and theoretical values of dark area curing, and
high-force tensile printing, we validated the practical production capabilities of the
printer.
The research results demonstrate that this 50-inch printer, equipped with
optical film-based backlight modules, achieves superior light uniformity at a lower
cost. Moreover, when combined with local-dimming technology, it significantly
reduces the occurrence of unintended cured materials and greatly reduces machine
power consumption, thus conserving energy. Compared to large-area printers
available on the market, this printer can achieve higher production efficiency and
manufacture a wide range of objects in large quantities.

摘要 .........................................................................................................................I
Abstract.................................................................................................................. II
誌謝 ......................................................................................................................IV
目錄 ....................................................................................................................... V
圖目錄 ............................................................................................................... VIII
表目錄 ................................................................................................................ XII
第一章 緒論......................................................................................................1
1 前言......................................................................................................1
2 研究動機..............................................................................................3
3 論文架構..............................................................................................4
第二章 文獻回顧..............................................................................................5
1 積層製造..............................................................................................5
2 光聚合固化成型技術..........................................................................7
2.1 光聚合固化原理.......................................................................8
2.2 上照式(Top Down)及下照式(Bottom up)技術.....................10
2.3 光固化成型技術.....................................................................12
2.4 LCD 成型技術使用之背光模組 ...........................................17
3 LCD 液晶顯示器發展與技術...........................................................20
3.1 液晶顯示器的顯像原理.........................................................20
3.2 LCD 背光模組結構介紹........................................................21
3.3 Local-dimming 背光技術......................................................26
4 大面積 LCD 光固化 3D 列印...........................................................28
4.1 大面積背光模組.....................................................................29
4.2 光固化列印區域控光技術 ....................................................30
5 拉拔力................................................................................................31

5.1 物理方式分離方案.................................................................32
5.2 化學方式分離方案.................................................................33
第三章 實驗設備與儀器介紹........................................................................34
1 成型模組............................................................................................34
1.1 Z 軸傳動機構...............................................................................34
1.2 成型平台模組 .............................................................................37
1.3 樹脂槽 .........................................................................................39
2 光源模組架構....................................................................................40
1.1 燈珠使用 .....................................................................................40
1.2 燈板設計 .....................................................................................42
1.3 區域控光 .....................................................................................42
1.4 LCD 液晶螢幕 .............................................................................43
3 控制模組............................................................................................44
3.1 Arduino .........................................................................................44
3.2 固態繼電器 .................................................................................45
3.3 電源供應器 .................................................................................46
3.4 區域控光控制板與開關 .............................................................46
4 機台軟體............................................................................................47
5 樹脂使用............................................................................................48
6 量測儀器............................................................................................49
6.1 測微儀 .........................................................................................49
6.2 手持式顯微鏡 ..............................................................................49
6.3 光功率量測儀 .............................................................................50
第四章 研究內容與方法................................................................................51
1 UV 光直下式光學膜片選用.............................................................51
1.1 光學膜片排列與選用 ..................................................................51
1.2 最終光學模片性能測試 ..............................................................53

2 精度測試方法....................................................................................54
2.1 樹脂曝光秒數量測 ......................................................................54
2.2 精度測試列印 ..............................................................................55
3 區域控光實驗....................................................................................57
4 拉拔力測試........................................................................................59
5 成品列印............................................................................................60
第五章 結果分析與比較................................................................................61
1 背光模組選用結果分析....................................................................61
1.1 膜片對 405nm 波長穿透率比較 .................................................61
1.2 最終選用膜片光強及均勻度分析 ..............................................64
2 多種背光模組列印結果分析............................................................66
2.1 樹脂固化深度實驗數據分析 ......................................................66
2.2 多種背光列印精度分析 ..............................................................68
2.3 各角度列印精度測試 ..................................................................70
3 區域控光前後實驗數據分析與比較................................................72
3.1 黑位光強及對比度 ......................................................................72
3.2 黑位固化數值計算 ......................................................................74
3.3 區域控光處理後光強 ..................................................................75
3.4 實際列印結果分析 ......................................................................77
3.5 區域控光能耗對比 ......................................................................82
4 拉拔力測試結果與分析.....................................................................84
5 列印成品展示及應用.........................................................................86
第六章 結論與未來展望................................................................................89
1 結論.....................................................................................................89
2 未來展望............................................................................................90
參考文獻 ..............................................................................................................91

                                

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全文公開日期 2033/08/07 (校內網路)
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