本文旨在研製以數位信號處理器為控制核心之儲能系統雙向充放電率控制器，用以協助家庭能源管理系統的電力調配。本架構以蓄電池做為儲能設備，透過雙向DC/DC、雙向DC/AC轉換器與市電併聯，協調電池與市電雙方能源間之供需，其特色能根據家庭能源管理系統之命令，對轉換器輸出功率與電池充/放電做立即性的控制，使家庭用電獲得削峰填谷的效果，進而達到即時性能源管理之目的。
儲能設備方面採用雙向昇/降壓轉換器架構，在蓄電池與直流鏈電容之間做充/放電調節；市電併聯方面採用單相全橋架構，具有市電併聯與功因修正兩種模式：市電併聯模式可將直流鏈電容的能量饋入市電端，採用單極性電壓切換技術，於交流側的輸出110Vrms、60Hz的正弦波交流電；功因修正可實現整流與功率因數修正的功能，可將市電的能量饋送至直流鏈電容。本文以德州儀器(TI)公司所生產之高效能、低成本的數位信號處理器TMS320F28335為控制核心，將轉換器電路與週邊電壓、電流回授電路等做整合，以軟體方式來實現閉迴路控制，進而使雙向之充/放電功率可以做任意控制。控制方式使用預測式電流控制法對輸出電流的大小做控制，結合線性穩壓法穩定直流鏈電容電壓。本研究之儲能系統已完成雙向輸出功率控制，功率控制範圍可從0W至350W，且儲能系統能夠與市電進行併聯，實驗結果驗證本文所提控制策略之正確性及可行性。

Using the digital signal processor as the control center, an energy storage system with bidirectional charging rate control to apply to the power dispatch of home energy management system has been developed. In the structure of the study, battery was set up as the energy storage system which got connected with AC grid by way of DC/DC bidirectional converter and DC/AC bidirectional inverter which regulate the power supply between battery and AC grid. The design can be applied to the home energy management system whose command can do the real-time control to the output power of the converter/inverter and the charging/discharging of the battery. Thus, the peak-shaving effect in home energy use can be achieved and the goal of real-time energy management can further be reached.
In the energy storage system part, bidirectional buck/boost converter was employed as the regulator between battery and DC bus capacitor. In AC grid part, a single phase full bridge structure was used. This structure includes grid connection mode and rectification mode. Grid connection mode by using single-pole voltage switching technique can send the AC power of 110Vrms, 60Hz sinusoidal wave in DC bus capacitor to AC grid. Rectification mode can carry out the function of rectifier and power factor correction, and can send the power in AC grid to DC bus capacitor. The high-efficiency and low cost digital signal processor TMS320F28335 by TI (Texas Instrument) was used as the monitor center to integrate converter/inverter circuit, peripheral voltage and current feedback circuit. The closed-loop control was carried out by software which can freely regulate the bidirectional charging/discharging rate. Predictive current control technique was used to check the level of the current. Linear voltage regulation technique was combined to control the voltage of DC bus capacitor. The energy storage system in this study has established the bidirectional charging rate control which can range from 0 W to 350 W. Furthermore, the system can readily get connected with the AC grid. Experimental results prove the validity and feasibility of the control device proposed by this study.

[1] 鄭榮明「多功能單相不斷電系統之研製」，國立台灣科技大學電機工程系碩士論文，民國97年。
[2] 蔡宗志「以數位信號處理器為基礎之太陽能與風力複合發電系統之研製」，國立台灣科技大學電機工程系碩士論文，民國94年。
[3] 王宗瑋「家庭能源管理即時性需量因應之研究」，國立台灣科技大學電機工程系碩士論文，民國102年。
[4] 柯俊偉「智慧型電池模組之可程控充電機設計」，國立台灣科技大學電機工程系碩士論文，民國101年。
[5] T. S. Mundra and A. Kumor, “Micro Power Battery State - of - Charge Monitor, ”IEEE Transactions on Cosumer Electronics, Vol.54, No. 2, pp.623 - 630, May 2008.
[6] 孫建中，電池管理系統-電池特性與資訊監控，工業技術研究院，民國一百零一年八月。
[7] T. F. Wu, C. L. Kuo, K. H. Sun, Y. K. Chen, Y. R. Chang, and Y. D. Lee, “Integration and Operation of A Single - Phase Bidirectional Inverter with Two Buck/Boost MPPTs for DC-Distribution Applications,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 28, No.11, pp. 5098 - 5106, Nov. 2013.
[8] 孫堃涵「太陽能供電系統之雙向換流器研製」，國立中正大學電機工程研究所碩士論文，民國99年。
[9] 張瑞騏「雙向換流器之功因修正模式數位化控制」，國立中正大學電機工程研究所碩士論文，民國99年。
[10] 楊孟勳「市電併聯模式之雙向換流器研製」，國立中正大學電機工程研究所碩士論文，民國99年。
[11] 姜士凱「預測式電流控制之雙向換流器研製」，國立中正大學電機工程研究所碩士論文，民國97年。
[12] Y. M. Chen, K. Y. Liu, S. K. Chiang and Y. R. Chang, “Bi-directional Grid - Tied Inverter with Predictive Current Control,” Proceedings of the IEEE, Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, pp. 916 - 919, 2009.
[13] T. T. Chang and T. S. Lai, “Parameter Tuning Method for Digital Power Converter with Predictive Current-Mode Control,”IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, Vol. 24, No. 12, pp.2910-2919, 2009.
[14] J. Chen, A. Prodic, R. W. Erickson and D. Maksimovic,“Predictive Digital Current programmed Control,” IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp.411-419, 2003.
[15] R. Jose, P. Jorge, A. S. Cesar, C. Pablo, L. Pablo and C. Patricio ,“Predictive Current Control of a Voltage Source Inverter,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics , Vol. 54, NO. 1, pp. 495-503, 2007.
[16] A. R. Haithem, G. s. Jaroslaw, K. Zbigniew and A. T. Hamid, “Predictive Current Control of Voltage-Source Inverters,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 51, NO. 3, pp. 585-593, 2004.
[17] A. Kotsopoulos, J. L. Duarte and M. A. M. Hendrix, “A predictive control scheme for DC voltage and AC current in grid-connected photovoltaic inverters with minimum DC link capacitance,” Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 1994-1999, 2001.
[18] B. Yu and L. Chang, “Improved Predictive Current Controlled PWM for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Voltage Source Inverters,” Power Electronics Specialists Conference, pp. 231-236, 2005.
[19] D. G. Holmes and D. A. Martin, “Implementation of a Direct Digital Predictive Current Controller for Single and Three Phase Voltage Source Inverters,” Industry Applications Conference, Vol. 2, pp. 960-913, 1996.
[20] Texas Instruments Inc. TMS320VC33 Digital Signal Processor, 2004.