根據我國衛生福利部民國110年的統計，卵巢癌是女性前十大癌症死亡率之一，是第二大致命的婦科惡性腫瘤，10年來，國人卵巢癌的死亡率同時呈現上升的趨勢，死亡率居高不下。
因此，本研究欲開發出一款高準確性、高靈敏度的電化學生物感測器，用於偵測卵巢癌抗原 CA125 的指數，期盼通過CA125的指數變化，幫助卵巢癌患者即早發現疾病並接受治療。
在電化學生物感測器中，將抗體附著在電極表面，已廣泛用於檢測各種腫瘤標誌物。那麼讓抗體附著於表面的方式必須要有羧酸官能基(-COOH)的存在，本研究除了透過酸處理將還原氧化石墨烯(rGO)的表面修飾上羧基外，還分別使用三種含有羧基的化合物3-MPA、PyBA、PABA作為「羧基加強劑」分別透過Au-S自組裝、π–π物理吸附、環氧開環反應形成的C-NH共價鍵的作用力原理修飾於平台表面，並根據「不同的作用力原理」而製備的電化學生物感測器於性能上的差異進行討論。
我們提出假設由於3-MPA中的硫醇基團與AuNPs可「自發性」形成穩定的強Au-S鍵結固定於rGO-COOH表面，而化合物PABA是透過環氧開環反應形成的C-NH共價鍵固定於rGO-COOH表面，這兩種化合物3-MPA、PABA雖然都是透過化學鍵原理結合，但有鑑於Au-S是屬於自發性反應，所以化合物3-MPA在相同的反應時間下修飾於rGO-COOH表面的分子數量也相對較PABA多，後續我們也透過XPS、QCM進一步的分析，確實化合物3-MPA比PABA能在感測器平台提供最多的羧基，電化學生物感測器的性能表現也較好，而化合物PyBA，是透過π–π 物理吸附作用於rGO-COOH表面，因為此作用力是物理性的吸附，屬於非鍵結作用力，相較於另外兩種化合物在rGO-COOH表面上的作用力也會較弱較不穩定，所以在感測器平台提供最少的羧基，電化學生物感測器的性能表現也就相對不理想，研究結果與我們一開始提出的假設相符。

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Health and Welfare of the Republic of China in 110 years, ovarian cancer is one of the top ten cancer mortality rates in women and the second most deadly gynecological malignant tumor. In the past 10 years, the mortality rate of ovarian cancer in Taiwanese has also shown an upward trend and mortality remains high.
Therefore, in this study, an electrochemical biosensor with high accuracy and high sensitivity was developed to detect the index of ovarian cancer antigen CA125. It is hoped that through the index change of CA125, it will help ovarian cancer patients to detect the disease early and receive treatment.
In electrochemical biosensors, antibodies are attached to the surface of electrodes, which have been widely used to detect various tumor markers. Then the way of attaching the antibody to the surface must have the presence of carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH). Compounds 3-MPA, PyBA, and PABA are used as "carboxyl group enhancers" to modify the surface of the platform through Au-S self-assembly, π-π physical adsorption, and the force principle of C-NH covalent bonds formed by epoxy ring-opening reaction, respectively. The differences in performance of electrochemical biosensors prepared according to the principle of "different forces" are discussed.
We put forward the hypothesis that since the thiol groups in 3-MPA and AuNPs can "spontaneously" form stable strong Au-S bonds on the surface of rGO-COOH, and the compound PABA is formed through epoxy ring opening reaction of C-NH covalent bond is fixed on the surface of rGO-COOH. Although the two compounds, 3-MPA and PABA, are combined through the principle of chemical bonding, since Au-S is a spontaneous reaction, the compound 3-MPA reacts at the same reaction time. The number of molecules modified on the surface of rGO-COOH is also relatively more than that of PABA. After further analysis by XPS and QCM, it is true that compound 3-MPA can provide the most carboxyl groups on the sensor platform than PABA. Electrochemical biosensor performance of the device is also good, and the compound PyBA acts on the surface of rGO-COOH through π–π physical adsorption, because this force is a physical adsorption, which is a non-bonding force, compared with the other two compounds. The force on the rGO-COOH surface will also be weak and unstable, so the least carboxyl groups are provided on the sensor platform, and the performance of the electrochemical biosensor is relatively unsatisfactory. The research results are consistent with our initial proposal assumptions match.

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