研究生: |
劉振杰 Cheng-chieh Liu |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
專案績效影響因素之探討 A Study for Influence Factors ofProject Performance |
指導教授: |
廖文志
Wen-Chih Liao |
口試委員: |
欒斌
none 李國光 none |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
管理學院 - 企業管理系 Department of Business Administration |
論文出版年: | 2007 |
畢業學年度: | 95 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 130 |
中文關鍵詞: | 專案管理 、專案績效 、組織因素 |
外文關鍵詞: | project management, project performance, organizational factor |
相關次數: | 點閱:263 下載:9 |
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企業組織運用專案管理來整合可用的資源,在有限的時間與預算內,透過團隊的努力,克服不確定因素,達成特定的目標。在高度競爭,變化快速的環境中,如何在有限的時間,有限的資源之下,快速因應營運環境的變化,達成企業的策略目標,產生市場所需要的產品,縮短產品進入市場的時間,均有賴於有效的專案管理。
專案管理是被企業組織廣泛使用的管理工具,其主要目的在於藉由專案管理的手法,整合組織內外部資源,平衡關係人的利益,在特定的期間內,達成特定的需求。專案管理本身只是工具,組織是使用管理工具的主體,組織的特性及對於專案的互動與專案的成敗息息相關。
任何的專案都需經過「人」來實施,因此,如何建立團隊,有效授權,充份溝通,激勵士氣等等,都是專案管理必需面臨的挑戰。此外專案管理活動必需依附在現有的組織下進行,因此專案勢必會與功能組織內現有的一般作業競爭資源並與組織現有的管理流程緊密結合。因為這種既競爭又合作的狀況,組織的各項因素將對對於專案的執行績效產生影響。
本研究從專案本身的內在因素及專案所依附組織的外在因素來探討其對於專案績效的影響。於專案內在特性的影響因素主要為適任的專案經理,專案對於組織的重要程度,專案的困難程度,專案階段規劃的適切程度與以往的專案管理績效等。而專案所處組織環境的外在影響因素有專案利害關係人管理,專案衝突管理能力,決策授權的程度,專案組織結構,激勵制度,組織文化,組織的政治行為,知識管理能力等。這些不同的因素都可能會對於專案的管理與執行績效影響程度不同,同時其影響方式亦有直接或間接之分。專案本身的內在因素直接決定了專案的管理效率、資源配置與專案的成敗,而專案的外在因素也在專案的執行過程中對專案績效產生間接影響。
本研發現在健全的專案內在因素及良好的外的在因素控制之下才能有效提升專案績效。因此瞭解這些內外在因素對於專案的影響程度及方式為何,將有助於檢視組織在專案管理既有優點與缺點,擬定良好專案管理策略,有效達成企業的營運目標。
Enterprises and organizations applying to project management is to integrate available resources and overcome uncertain factors to achieve specific objectives within specific time and budget by team works. In the highly competitive and changing environment, enterprises can depend on effective project management to obtain some quicker response and achieve strategic objectives, produce the product meeting market needs and shorten the time to the market within limited time and resource by effective project management.
Project management is a tool commonly used by enterprises. The purpose is to integrate resource of organizations, to balance the benefit of stakeholders and meet requirement within limited time. The project management itself is just a tool,the organization is the master of the tool. The interaction between the characters of organization and project is critical to the success or failure of the enterprises.
Project must be executed by people. Therefore, the works of team building, effective empowerment, sufficient for communication, motiving morale etc., are the most important factors of project management. Besides, the activities of project management have to be undertaken by the organization. Project must compete for the resources of organization with functional department and connected with the processes of organization closely. Under such situation, the factors of organization will affect the performance of project.
This study will discuss about the performance affecting effect of the internal and external factors of project. The internal factors of project are the importance of project, the degree of difficulty of project,the fitness of project manager for project, and the performance of past projects. The external factors of project are the structure of project organization type, organizational culture, and delegation of authority for decision, conflict management, political behaviors, and the ability of knowledge management. All the factors will affect the performance of project in different degree and the effect and can be distinguished into direct or indirect. The internal factors affect the efficiency of project management, resource location and project success directly. The external factors affect project performance indirectly.
This study discovered that project performance will be promoted by healthy internal factors and good external factors. Therefore, understanding the way and the degree of the influence of internal and external factors of project will be helpful for reviewing the existing strength and weakness of project management, preparing excellent strategy to achieve the goal of enterprise efficiently.
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