本研究藉由溶膠-凝膠法，以溴化十六烷基三甲銨(CTAB)界面活性劑做為主要模板，四乙氧基矽烷(TEOS)作為矽源，再加入第二/第三種高分子材料或採用鐵氰化鉀為蝕刻劑進行蝕刻處理，分別於水相或油水混合相中，來製備具均一微/介孔洞二氧化矽球體。
藉由調整第二/第三種高分子含量可製得均一微/介孔洞二氧化矽球體，其球徑範圍從290 nm至613 nm、孔徑由1.86 nm 到4.10 nm、整體孔洞體積0.572 cm^3/g ~ 1.02 cm^3/g，而其比表面積介於865 m^2/g ~ 1268 m^2/g。透過鐵氰化鉀進行蝕刻，能使原本孔徑1.86 nm擴大至3.08 nm與孔徑3.82 nm擴孔至4.60 nm，且球體外觀並沒因此有變形現象。
當反應溫度從室溫提升至75 ℃，介孔洞二氧化矽球體球徑155 ± 22 nm，外觀仍維持球狀，但是平均孔徑由3.82 nm擴大至8.62 nm且整體孔徑體積由1.01 cm^3/g增加至2.2 cm^3/g，其比表面積由942 m^2/g變為1021 m^2/g。
此外本研究又以自製高活性之高比表面積介孔洞二氧化矽球體為載體，透過化學合成法將氧化銀、氧化亞銅、氧化鎳及二氧化鈰均勻沉積於介孔洞二氧化矽球體上，製得金屬氧化物/介孔洞二氧化矽複合顆粒。然後利用自製金屬氧化物/介孔洞二氧化矽複合顆粒進行抗菌能力測試，菌種選用革蘭氏陽性菌-金黃色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)，起始菌液濃度為1 × 10^8 CFU/mL，分別於暗室及20瓦LED光源下進行抗菌試驗，其中氧化銀/介孔洞二氧化矽複合顆粒與氧化亞銅/介孔洞二氧化矽複合顆粒之抗菌能力伯仲之間，無論暗室與亮室下，兩者於歷經一小時後，殺菌率逼近百分之百。而從抗菌試驗中，複合顆粒之抗菌能力皆優於純金屬氧化物，這也證明我們自製載體高活性與高比表面積的特性，幫助金屬氧化物均勻分散於介孔洞二氧化矽球體上，而使金屬氧化物粒子達到奈米化，使其擁有奈米材料的物理效應產生。
利用自製高活性之高比表面積之介孔洞二氧化矽球體做為吸附劑，以亞甲基藍染料為吸附質，進行吸附試驗瞭解其吸附能力，最後測得其飽和吸附量達50.25 mg/g。

In this research, mesoporous silica spheres with uniform size were successfully prepare by sol-gel method. The system consists of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant as a main template, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the silicon precursor, and different kinds of polymers as the second/third polymer in aqueous-phase or oil-in-water phase to synthesis mesoporous silica sphere. By using potassium hexacyanoferrate as ethching agent, mesoporous silica spheres were etched to extend the pore size.
By simply changing the amount of second/third polymers in the system, mesoporous silica spheres had the diameter of 290 ~ 613 nm, pore size of 1.86 ~ 4.10 nm, total pore volume of 0.572 – 1.02 cm^3/g, and surface area of 865 ~1286 m^2/g.
The potassium hexacyanoferrate was used to etch mesoporous silica sphere. After etching, original pore sizes of 1.86 nm and 3.82 nm were extended to 3.08 nm and 4.60 nm, respectively and the silica sphere kept its shape.
When reaction temperature was increased from room temperature to 75 ℃, mesoporous silica sphere diameter about 155 ± 22 nm and remained spherical. However, the average pore size extended from 3.82 to 8.62 nm, total pore volume increased from 1.01 to 2.2 cm^3/g, and specific surface area up to 1021 m^2/g.
In addition, four kinds of metal oxide semiconductor nanoparticles such as silver(I) oxide、copper(I) oxide、nickel(II) oxide, and cerium(Ⅳ) oxide were uniformly deposited on mesoporous silica spheres with high specific surface area through chemical synthesis method for the purpose of antibacterial application.
We used the metal oxide/silica composite spheres to test antibacterial effect. The chosen strains were gram-positive type bacteria - Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus). The initial bacterial concentration of 1 × 10^8 CFU/mL was prepared for antibacterial test in a dark room and in the 20-watt LED light condition. The data showed that both silver(I) oxide/silica and copper(I) oxide/silica composite spheres had performed the excellent antibacterial activity to completely sterilize bacteria in one hour no matter in the dark or under the 20 W-LED illumination.
Owing to their large and accessible pores and high surface area, the mesoporous silica sphere exhibited excellent performance in adsorption of methylene blue dye with a maximum adsorption capacity of 50.25 mg/g.

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