本研究乃利用陽極氧化法在含有氟化銨與水之乙二醇電解液中製備陣列式二氧化鈦奈米管光觸媒，並藉由場發式電子顯微鏡、X射線電子能譜儀、X射線繞射光譜儀、定電位/恆電流儀以及螢光光譜儀對光觸媒進行物性及光電特性之分析，以探討電解液溫度及電解液之水含量對以陽極氧化法中製備二氧化鈦奈米管生成機制之影響。隨著電解液溫度提高，二氧化鈦奈米管之管長和管徑隨之變長和變大，壁厚亦隨之變薄；其原因為在較高溫度之電解液中，離子之遷移速率提升，同時加速了氧化與蝕刻之速率。研究結果顯示，在低溫電解液中（3 oC）進行陽極氧化可有效改善二氧化鈦奈米管表面被沉澱物覆蓋之情形。電解液之水含量提高，二氧化鈦奈米管之管長隨之變短，管徑隨之變大，壁厚則隨之變厚；其原因在於電解液水含量較高時，在陽極氧化過程釋放大量的氫離子，加速管口之蝕刻速率，因而限制管長並拓寬管徑。本研究以調節陽極氧化時間以及電解液水含量的方式來控制所製備二氧化鈦奈米管之尺寸（管長和管徑），並研究二氧化鈦奈米管尺寸對光催化降解氣相異丙醇之影響。研究結果顯示，管長愈長及管徑愈小之二氧化鈦奈米管雖有較高之表面積，但光催化仍受限於有效照光面積。由螢光光譜儀分析結果可知，管壁較薄的二氧化鈦奈米管可抑制光電子-電洞對之再結合。
本研究並利用連續式離子層吸附與反應法將硫化銅銦沉積在二氧化鈦奈米管，藉由X射線電子能譜儀和定電位/恆電流儀，對光觸媒進行物性及光電特性之分析。研究結果顯示，只有在未鍛燒之二氧化鈦奈米管表面可觀察到硫化銅銦薄膜之存在。使用不同的硫前驅物，會使硫化銅銦薄膜之成分配比有所差異。使用低濃度硫前驅物所製備之硫化銅銦薄膜銦配比較高，屬n型半導體；使用高濃度硫前驅物則製備得富銅之硫化銅銦薄膜，屬p型半導體。當銅銦硫之配比愈接近化學計量比(1:1:2)，所製備之改質二氧化鈦奈米管展現愈高的光催化效能。研究結果亦指出，將經硫化銅銦薄膜改質的二氧化鈦奈米管，應用在光催化降解氣相異丙醇反應時展現良好的穩定性。

TiO2 nanotube arrays were fabricated in ethylene glycol containing NH4F and water by anodization process under various conditions. TiO2 nanotube arrays were analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectra, Potentiostat/Galvanostat, and photoluminescence spectroscopy in order to investigate characterization of TiO2 nanotube arrays.
Effects of electrolyte temperature and water content of electrolyte on morphology and formation mechanism of TiO2 nanotube arrays were investigated. The experiment results demonstrate that TiO2 nanotube arrays with longer lengths, larger inner diameters, and thinner wall thicknesses could be fabricated in electrolytes of higher temperature, indicating that the limiting factor for growth of TiO2 nanotube arrays is the diffusion of reactants (oxygen-containing anionic species, fluorine ions) into the tubes or products ( [TiF6]2- ) away from the tubes. The experiment results also suggest that the appearance of “hazy layer” on the top of TiO2 nanotube arrays could be avoided by anodizing at lower temperatures. With the presence of higher water contents, the relatively fast chemical dissolution rate dominates the reaction because a larger amount of H+ ions are created, resulting in TiO2 nanotube arrays with larger inner diameters and shorter tube lengths.
Strctures (tube length and inner diameter) of TiO2 nanotube arrays were controlled by adjusting anodization time and water content in anodization process. The experimental results show that experiments using TiO2 nanotube arrays with longer tube lengths and smaller inner diameters achieved higher photocatalytic performance. However, the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanotube arrays is after all limited by the penetration of illumination. From the PL analysis results of the prepared TiO2 nanotube arrays, bulk recombination is expected to be reduced as wall thickness become thinner, and the photoconversion efficiency is also expected to be enhanced.
TiO2 nanotube arrays were modified with copper indium sulfide by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. The modified TiO2 nanotube arrays were mainly analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Potentiostat/Galvanostat to investigate their characterization. In the study, the XPS analysis results demonstrate the presence of copper indium sulfide thin film could only be observed on TiO2 nanotube arrays before the modified TiO2 nanotube arrays were annealed. TiO2 nanotube arrays were modified with copper indium sulfide by SILAR method resulting in some deviation on the molecularity and stoichiometry of copper indium sulfide, which affects the electrical property of the modified TiO2 nanotube arrays. Typically, In-rich copper indium sulfide thin films could be obtained by using lower sulfur precursor concentrations in SILAR method and the deposited films belonged to n-type semiconductor; the p-type Cu-rich copper indium sulfide thin films could be prepared by using higher sulfur precursor concentrations in SILAR method. When the chemical composition of Cu, In, and S is closer to the stoichiometric composition of copper indium sulfide (1:1:2), the modified TiO2 nanotube arrays exhibit higher photocatalytic performance for degrading gaseous IPA. Moreover, the modified TiO2 nanotube arrays show excellent stability during the photocatalytic process.

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