太陽能發電系統(Photovoltaic Generation Systems, PGS)經常會發生部分遮蔽情形(Partially Shaded Conditions, PSC)，進而使得功率-電壓特性曲線呈現多個峰值的現象，因此開發一追蹤全域最大功率點 (Global Maximum Power Point, GMPP)的方法是相當重要的。對此，本文提出二段式全域最大功率追蹤演算法，在第一階段中，本文根據模擬所決定的分段規則以進行分段搜尋，並在第二階段以本文所提出之新型變動步階擾動觀察法(Variable Step Perturb and Observe, VS-P&O)來增加追蹤全域最大功率點的速度。此方法的優點在於架構簡單、追蹤速度快、追蹤精確度高、改善命中率以及容易與原太陽能發電系統韌體整合等。為了驗證本文所提方法可正確且有效地進行追蹤，因此開發一1.2 kW的電路拓樸，以作為之後用於評估此方法效能之模擬與實驗使用。在實現上，本文利用低成本數位控制器dsPIC33FJ16GS502來實現本文所提之全域最大功率追蹤(Global Maximum Power Point Tracking, GMPPT)演算法。經模擬太陽能發電系統之所有可能遮蔽樣式可知，本文所提方法之平均追蹤精確度可達99.74%，而成功追蹤到全域最大功率點的機率為90.5%。由實驗結果可知本文所提方法可在不同遮蔽樣式下追蹤到全域最大功率點，且在所測試的三種遮蔽樣式中其追蹤精確度皆可高於99.1%。

Photovoltaic generation systems (PGS) frequently experience partially shaded conditions (PSC). Because PSC creates several peak values on the power-to-voltage characteristic curve, developing an algorithm that facilitates tracking global maximum power point (GMPP) is crucial. In this dissertation, a two-stage GMPP tracking algorithm is proposed. In the first stage, the segmentation rules are obtained by performing extensive simulations. During the second stage, a novel variable step-size perturb and observe method to increase the speed of searching for GMPP is proposed. The presented method features advantages, such as simple structures, high tracking speeds, enhanced tracking accuracy, improved success rate, and easy integration with original PGS firmware. To verify the correctness and the effectiveness of the proposed method, a 1.2 kW prototyping circuit is built and simulations as well as experiments are carried out accordingly. In this dissertation, the proposed GMPPT algorithm is implemented using a low cost digital signal controller dsPIC33FJ16GS502. After simulating all possible shading patterns on the 7s1p PGS, the average tracking accuracy of the proposed method is 99.74% and the probability of successfully obtaining the GMPP is 90.5%. Experimental results also validate that the proposed method can obtain GMPP of different shading patterns, the tracking accuracies are all higher than 99.1% for all the three test cases.

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