研究生: |
林彥甫 Yan-fu Lin |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
Pr1-xSrxMO3應用於高溫型混合電位式NO2氣體感測器之研究 Use of Pr1-xSrxMO3 in high-temperature mixed-potential NO2 gas sensor |
指導教授: |
蕭敬業
Ching-yeh Shiau |
口試委員: |
劉端祺
Tuan-chi Liu 周振嘉 Chen-chia Chou |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
工程學院 - 化學工程系 Department of Chemical Engineering |
論文出版年: | 2006 |
畢業學年度: | 94 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 100 |
中文關鍵詞: | 鈣鈦礦結構 、陰極 、混合電位式 、二氧化氮感測器 |
外文關鍵詞: | perovskite-type oxides, cathode, mixed-potential, NO2 sensor |
相關次數: | 點閱:202 下載:3 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本論文旨在研究鈣鈦礦結構氧化物陰極材料應用於二氧化氮感測器的特性,使用的材料分別為Pr0.7Sr0.3CrO3-δ、Pr0.7Sr0.3FeO3-δ以及Pr0.7Sr0.3CoO3-δ。電極粉末是使用溶膠凝膠法製備而得。利用檸檬酸鹽前導化合物經煅燒,混合有機溶劑成為網印膠,再將網印膠以網印法塗布到YSZ電解質錠片上燒結,完成後得到所需要之感測電極,而此電極以XRD、FE-SEM等設備來進行分析,最後再組裝成感測器進行二氧化氮氣體感測。
XRD分析結果顯示,所選用的三種材料皆為鈣鈦礦結構。而FE-SEM圖片顯示煅燒溫度越高的粉末其平均粒徑越大;網印膠濃度越稀薄,製備完成後的電極厚度越薄。從NO2感測特性結果可知,應答電位最大的電極材料為Pr0.7Sr0.3CrO3-δ,而其最佳煅燒溫度為1200℃,最佳電極的厚度條件是以1:5粉末溶劑比所燒結的電極,其應答電位差最大且回復時間最短。操作電流以施加1µA有最小的應答電位差但是卻有最短的回復時間。
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of perovskite oxide used as cathode for NO2 sensor. Three kinds of perovskite-type oxides were used including Pr0.7Sr0.3CrO3-δ, Pr0.7Sr0.3FeO3-δ and Pr0.7Sr0.3CoO3-δ. The electrodes were prepared by sol-gel method. The sensing electrode was made by mixing the calcined precursor with organic solvent.
The slurry thus obtained was then printed on YSZ pellets by screen-printing method and sintered to form sensing electrodes. The electrodes were characterized by XRD and FE-SEM, and finally tested in the assembled NO2 sensors.
From XRD patterns, all the prepared oxide powers were found to be perovskite type. FE-SEM photos show that the average particle size was increased with increasing calcined temperature. A thinner sensing electrode was obtained by using dilute slurry.
NO2 sensing analysis shows that Pr0.7Sr0.3CrO3-δ was found to be the best oxide power for NO2 sensing electrode. The optimal calcined temperature is 1200℃. The better slurry concentration for the sensing electrode was found to be 1:5 wt. ratio of oxide powder to organic solvent. Such prepared sensing electrode presents larger voltage change and shorter recovery time. The best current bias for the sensing system was 1µA.
參考文獻
Azad, A.M.; Akbar, S.A.; Mhaisalkar, S.G.; Birkefeld, L.D.; Goto, K.S.,” Solid-state gas sensors: A review“, J. Electrochem. Soc., v139, n12, pp.3690-3704(1992).
Bilc, D.I. and Singh, D.J.,” Frustration of tilts and A-site driven ferroelectricity in KNbO3-LiNbO3 alloys” Physical Review Letters, v96,pp. 147602(2006).
Brosha, E. L.; Mukundan, R.; Brown, David R.; Garzon, Fernando H.; Visser, J.H.; Zanini, M.; Zhou, Z.; Logothetis, E.M,” CO/HC sensors based on thin films of LaCoO3 and La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-δ metal oxides” Sensors and Actuators B, v69,pp.171-182(2000).
Choy, J.H.; Han, Y.S.; Kim, J.T.; Kim, Y.H., “Citrate route to ultra-fine barium polytitanates with microwave dielectric properties”, J. Mater. Chem., v5, pp.57-63(1995).
Dawber, M.; Lichtensteiger, C.; Cantoni, M.; Veithen, M.; Ghosez, P.; Johnston, K.; Rabe, K.M.; Triscone, J.-M.,” Unusual behavior of the ferroelectric polarization in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices” Physical Review Letters, v95,pp.177601(2005).
Di Bartolomeo, E.; Kaabbuathong, N.; D'Epifanio, A.; Grilli, M.L.; Traversa, E.; Aono, H.; Sadaoka, Y.,” Nano-structured perovskite oxide electrodes for planar electrochemical sensors using tape casted YSZ layers” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, v24, PP.1187-1190(2004).
Di Bartolomeo, E. ; Kaabbuathong, N. ; Grilli, M.L. ; Traversa, E.,” Planar electrochemical sensors based on tape-cast YSZ layers and oxide electrodes” Solid State Ionics, v171,pp.173-181(2004).
Dutta, A. and Ishihara, T.,” Amperometric NOX sensor based on oxygen pumping current by using LaGaO3-based solid electrolyte for monitoring exhaust gas” Sensors and Actuators B,v108,pp.309-313(2005).
Fernandez J. A., “ Development of an oxygen sensor for molten 44.5% lead-55.5% bismuth alloy “., Journal of Nuclear Materials, 301, pp.47-52, (2002).
Fleming, W.J.,” Physical Principles Governing Nonideal Behavior of the Zirconia Oxygen Sensor”J. Electrochem. ,Soc. 124,pp.21-28(1977).
Fung, K.Z. and Yu, H.C.,” Electrode properties of La1-xSrxCuO 2.5-δ as new cathode materials for intermediate-temperature SOFCs” Journal of Power Sources, v133,pp.162-168(2004).
Göpel, W.; Hesse, J.; Zemel, J.N.,”Sensors”, VCH (Verlaysgesellschaftm-
bH), New York, pp.61(1991).
Grilli, M.L.; Chevallier, L.; Di Vona, M.L.; Licoccia, S.; Di Bartolomeo, E.,” Planar electrochemical sensors based on YSZ with WO3 electrode prepared by different chemical routes” Sensors and Actuators B, v111-112,pp.91-95(2005).
Han, K.W.; Lee, J.H; Kim, B.K.; Lee, K.Y.; Kim, H.I.,” New catalyst monitoring sensor for gasoline engine using YSZ-Al2O3 as solid electrolyte and gas diffusion barrier” Sensors and Actuators B, v59,pp.9-15(1999).
Han, S.D.;Kim, I.J.;Singh, I.;Lee, H.D.;Wang, J.S.,”Sensitivity enhancement for CO gas detection using a SnO2-CeO2-PdOx system” Sensors and Actuators B, v107,pp.825-830(2005).
Hashimoto, S.I.; Kammer, K.; Larsen, P.H.; Poulsen, F.W.; Mogensen, M.,” A study of Pr0.7Sr0.3Fe1-xNi xO3-δ as a cathode material for SOFCs with intermediate operating temperature” Solid State Ionics, v176,pp.1013-1020(2005).
Huang, W.; Shuk, P.; Greenblatt, M.,”Properties of sol-gel prepared Ce1-xSmxO2-x/2 Solid electrolytes”, Solid State Ionics, v100, pp.23-27(1997).
Kale, G.M. and Xiong, W.,” Novel high-selectivity NO2 sensor incorporating mixed-oxide electrode” Sensors and Actuators B, v114,pp.101-108(2006).
Kim, D.J.; Jo, J.Y.; Kim, Y.S.; Chang, Y.J.; Lee, J.S.; Yoon, J.G.; Song, T.K.; Noh, T.W.,” Polarization relaxation induced by a depolarization field in ultrathin ferroelectric BaTiO3 capacitors” Physical Review Letters, v95,pp. 237602(2005).
Kim S., Yang Y. L., Jacobson A. J., Abeles B.,” Diffusion and surface exchange coefficients in mixed ionic electronic conducting oxides from the pressure dependence of oxygen permeation ”., Solid State Ionics, 106,
189-195(1998).
Kuroiwa, Y.; Fujiwara, H.; Sawada, A.; Aoyagi, S.; Nishibori, E.; Sakata, M.; Takata, M.; Kawaji, H.; Atake, T.,” Distinctive charge density distributions of perovskite-type antiferroelectric oxides PbZrO3 and PbHfO3 in cubic phase” Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1: Regular Papers and Short Notes and Review Papers, v43,pp.6799-6802(2004).
Kurosaki, K.; Adachi, J.; Maekawa, T.; Yamanaka, S.,” Thermal conductivity analysis of BaUO3 and BaZrO3 by semiempirical molecular dynamics simulation” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v407,pp.49-52(2006).
Li, F.; Tang, Y.; Li, L.,” Distribution of oxygen potential in ZrO2-based solid electrolyte and selection of reference electrode of oxygen sensor” Solid State Ionics, v86-88,pp. 1027-1031(1996).
Li, J.G.; Ikegami, T.; Mori, T.,“Low temperature processing of dense samarium-doped CeO2 ceramics: sintering and grain growth behaviors”, Acta Materialia, v52, pp.2221-2228(2004).
Liu, Y.; Koep, E.; Liu, M.,” A highly sensitive and fast-responding SnO2 sensor fabricated by combustion chemical vapor deposition” Chemistry of Materials, v17, pp. 3997-4000(2005).
Logothetis, E.M. and Brailsford, A.D.,” Selected aspects of gas sensing” Sensors and Actuators B, v52,pp.195-203(1998).
Lu G., Miura N., Yamazoe N., ” High-temperature hydrogen sensor based on stabilizes zirconia and metal oxide electrode ”., Sensors and Actuators B, v35-36, pp.130-135(1996).
Lu, X.; Li, Q.; Yang, D.,” Dielectric properties and sintering characteristics of CaTiO3-(Li1/2Nd1/2)TiO3 ceramics” Journal of Electroceramics, v14,pp. 59-65(2005).
Maric, R., Ohara, S., Fukui, T., Inagaki, T., Fujita J. I.,” High-performance Ni-SDC cermet for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells at Medium Operating Temperature ”., Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 1(5),pp. 201-203(1998).
Martin, L.P.; Pham, Q.; Glass, R.S.,” Effect of Cr2O3 electrode morphology on the nitric oxide response of a stabilized zirconia sensor” Sensors and Actuators B, v96,pp.53-60(2003).
Ménil, Francis; Coillard, Veronique; Lucat, Claude;” Critical review of nitrogen monoxide sensors for exhaust gases of lean burn engines” Sensors and Actuators B, v67,pp.1-23(2000).
Miura, N.; Kurosawa, H.; Hasei, M.; Lu, G.; Yamazoe, N.,” Stabilized zirconia-based sensor using oxide electrode for detection of NOx in high-temperature combustion-exhausts” Solid State Ionics, v86-88,pp.1069-1073(1996).
Miura, N.; Raisen, T.; Lu, G.; Yamazoe, N.,” Zirconia-based potentiometric sensor using a pair of oxide electrodes for selective detection of carbon monoxide” Journal of the Electrochemical Society, v144,pp. L198-L200(1997).
Miura, N. Raisen, T.; Lu, G.; Yamazoe, N.,” Highly selective CO sensor using stabilized zirconia and a couple of oxide electrodes” Sensors and Actuators B, v47,pp.84-91(1998 B).
Miura, N.; Lu, G.; Yamazoe, N.,”High-temperature potentiometric /amperometric NOx sensors combining stabilized zirconia with mixed-metal oxide electrode” Sensors and Actuators B, v52, pp.169-178(1998 A).
Miura, N.; Lu, G.; Yamazoe, N.,” Stabilized zirconia-based sensors using WO3 electrode for detection of NO or NO2” Sensors and Actuators B, v65,pp.125-127(2000 B).
Miura, N.; Lu, G.; Yamazoe, N.,” Progress in mixed-potential type devices based on solid electrolyte for sensing redox gases” Solid State Ionics, v136-137,pp.533-542(2000 A).
Miura, N.; Zhuiykov, S.; Ono, T.; Hasei, M.; Yamazoe, N.,”Mixed potential type sensor using stabilized Zirconia and ZnFe2O4 sensing electrode for NOx detection at high temperature”, Sensors and Actuators B, v83, pp.222-229(2002).
Miura, N.; Nakatou, M.; Zhuiykov, S.,” Development of NOx sensing devices based on YSZ and oxide electrode aiming for monitoring car exhausts” Ceramics International, v30,pp.1135-1139(2004).
Miura, N.; Elumalai, P.; Wang, J.; Zhuiykov, S.; Terada, D.,” Sensing characteristics of YSZ-based mixed-potential-type planar NO x sensors using NiO sensing electrodes sintered at different temperatures” Journal of the Electrochemical Society, v152,pp. H95-H101(2005).
Miura, N.; Wang, J.; Nakatou, M.; Elumalai, P.; Zhuiykov, S.; Hasei, M.,” High-temperature operating characteristics of mixed-potential-type NO 2 sensor based on stabilized-zirconia tube and NiO sensing electrode” Sensors and Actuators B, v114,pp.903-909(2006).
Morita, M., Niwa, O., Tou, S., Watanabe, N., ”Nickel content dependence of electrochemical behavior of carbohydrates on a titanium-nickel alloy electrode and its application to a liquid chromato- graphy detector ”., Journal of chromatography A, 837, pp.17-24(1999).
Mukundan, R.; Brosha, E.L.; Brown, D.R.; Garzon, F.H.,” Mixed-potential sensor based on a Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 electrolyte and platinum and gold electrodes” Journal of the Electrochemical Society, v147,pp.1583-1588(2000).
Mukundan, R.; Brosha, E.L.; Garzon, F.H.,” Mixed potential hydrocarbon sensors based on a YSZ electrolyte and oxide electrodes” Journal of the Electrochemical Society, v150,pp.H279-H284(2003).
Peck, D.H.; Miller, M.; Hilpert, K.,” Phase diagram studies in the SrO-Cr2O3-La2O3 system in air and under low oxygen pressure” Solid State Ionics, v123,pp.59-65(1999).
Peng, C.; Zhang, Y.; Cheng, Z.W., “Nitrate–citrate combustion synthesis and properties of Ce1–x Sm x O2–x/2 solid solutions”, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, v13, pp.757-762(2002).
Skelton, D.C., Tobin, R.G., Lambert, D.K., DiMaggio C.,L., Fisher, G.B., ” A surface-science-based model for the selectivity of platinum-gold alloy electrodes in Zirconia-based NOx sensors ” ., Sensors and Actuators B, v96, pp.46-52(2003).
Snow, A. W., Barger, W. R., Klusty, M., Wohltjen, H., and Jarvis, N. L., Langmuir, n2, 513(1986).
Sorita, R. and Kawano, T.,” Highly selective CO sensor using LaMnO3 electrode-attached zirconia galvanic cell” Sensors and Actuators, B,v40,pp.29-32(1997).
Takeda, Y.;Sakaki, Y.; Kato, A.; Imanishi, N.; Yamamoto, O.; Hattori, M.; Iio, M.; Esaki, Y.,” Ln1-xSrxMnO3 (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm and Gd) as the cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells” Solid State Ionics, v118,pp.187-194(1999).
Teterycz, H.; Kita, J.; Bauer, R.; Golonka, L.J.; Licznerski, B.W.; Nitsch, K.; Wiśniewski, K.” New design of an SnO2 gas sensor on low temperature cofiring ceramics” Sensors and Actuators B, v47, pp.100-103 (1998).
Thangadurai, V. and Weppner, W.,”Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9: characterization of electronic charge carriers and application in limiting current oxygen sensors”, Electrochimica Acta, v49, pp.1577-1585(2004).
Traversa, E;Jong Won Yoon;Grilli, M.L.; Di Bartolomeo, E.; Polini, R.,” The NO2 response of solid electrolyte sensors made using nano-sized LaFeO3 electrodes” Sensors and Actuators B,v76,pp.483-488(2001).
West, D.L.; Montgomery, F.C.; Armstrong, T.R.,” Use of La0.85Sr0.15CrO3 in high-temperature NOx sensing elements” Sensors and Actuators B,v106,pp.758-765(2005 B).
West, D.L.; Montgomery, F.C.; Armstrong, T.R.,” "NO-selective" NOx sensing elements for combustion exhausts” Sensors and Actuators B,v111-112,pp.84-90(2005 A).
Wu, R.J.; Hu, C.H.; Yeh, C.T.; Su, P.G.,” Nanogold on powdered cobalt oxide for carbon monoxide sensor” Sensors and Actuators B, v96,pp.591-601(2003).
Wurzinger, O.; Reinhardt, G.” CO-sensing properties of doped SnO2 sensors in H2-rich gases” Sensors and Actuators B, v103,pp.104-110 (2004).
Yamashita, K.; Ramanujachary, K.V.; Greenblatt, M.”Hydothermal synthesis and low temperature conduction properties of substituted ceria ceramics”, Solid State Ionics, v81, pp.53-60(1995).
Zhu, B.; Liu, X.; Schober, T.,”Novel hybrid conductors based on doped ceria and BCY20 for ITSOFC applications”, Electrochemistry Communications, v6, pp.378-383(2004).
曾明漢,”觸媒燃燒型氣體感測器”,材料與社會,第68期,第60頁,(1992)。
顧志鴻,”MOSFET氣體感測器”, 材料與社會,第68期,第71頁,(1992)。
鄭銘堯,”YSZ電解質一氧化碳感測器之研究”,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學,(2000)。
張琨揮,”取代型金屬花青薄膜之電流式氣體感測器研究”,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學,(2002)。
魏炯權,電子陶瓷材料,全華科技圖書股份有限公司,(2004)。
黃鼎翰,”以低溫水熱法合成奈米級釤及鉍摻雜鈰系固態氧化物燃料電池電解質與其電化學性質之研究”,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學,(2004)。
黃帥凱,”一氧化碳感測器改良之研究”,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學,(2004)。
方昱超,”金屬摻雜對SDC導氧材料的影響及其在氧氣感測器中應用的研究”,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學,(2005)。