在封閉圓管中, 強制管中氣體發生共振而產生非線性現象的行為研究, 在過去的文獻中都是利用機械式的傳動使管中氣體在低頻作動下發生共振而產生大振幅的聲壓。本論文建立了一微形化的聲波裝置, 使氣體能夠在高頻作動下發生共振, 以觀察管中氣體在高頻作動下的非線性行為。
微形化聲波裝置, 其聲波源是利用PZT 壓電驅動器推動管中活塞使氣體擾動產生聲波, 由於壓電驅動器基於材料的特性會有遲滯現象的發生, 因此本論文用一直流電供應器供給PZT 壓電驅動器直流電壓使其在固定的週期電壓下伸長與縮短, 然後使用非接觸之光纖量測振動及位移感測器量測其週期性的伸長量, 因而可繪出本實驗所使用的PZT 壓電驅動器的遲滯迴圈。利用其遲滯迴圈對應PZT 動態行為下的監測電壓, 可繪出一與動態行程相似的位移波形。但是當壓電驅動器接上活塞後, 當PZT 發生振動時活塞的撓曲會使得位移感測器對於壓電驅動器動態位移的量測值, 隨著對活塞量測點的不同而有不同的位移。
經由壓電驅動器在高頻下的作動可以使得管中氣體的共振頻率到達4000 Hz, 並產生166 dB 的聲壓, 其氣體的非線性現象大約是接近共振頻率(4000 Hz) 前後40 Hz 左右, 都可以觀察到有非線性現象的發生。當加大作用於PTZ 壓電驅動器的交流電場相對的會使得管中的聲壓變大, 當聲壓越大非線性的現象也就越為明顯, 其壓力對應作動頻率的共振曲線也會越不對稱。

Forced nonlinear acoustic oscillations at the resonant frequency of closed tube are studied. The presented studies almost used mechanical transmission to drive
the gas to resonate and produce high acoustic pressure at low resonant frequency in a closed tube. The thesis constructed a miniaturized acoustic device that drove the gas to resonate at high frequency in a close tube. So we could observe nonlinear acoustic oscillations at high frequency.
The excitation source of the miniaturized acoustic device was PZT actuator. It animated a piston to cause gas perturbation to have sound wave. But the actuator has hysteresis phenomenon that associates with the material. So we uesed a DC volatge power supply to give the actuator periodic input. It would become long and short, then measured the periodic extension by MTI-2000 Fotonic Sensor and drew its’ hysteresis loop. The drawn sinusoidal wave was similar with actuator’s dynamic behavior by using monitor voltage to contrast with PZT’s hysteresis loop. When the actuator connected with a piston and vibrated, the piston had a bending moment that influenced the measured displacement sensor to appraise the actuator dynamic behavior. Accordingly, the displacement of each point of the piston was different.
The actuator vibrated at the high frequency. The gas resonant frequency could arrive in 4000 Hz and produced 166 dB acoustic pressure in the closed tube. The nonlinear phenomenon would happen near the resonant frequency for 40 Hz. When the PZT had high exchange electric field, it could produce high acoustic pressure and nonlinear phenomenon would be more obvious in the tube. Additionally, the pressure and frequency resonance curve was more asymmetric.

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