錳元素含量對AA7003鋁合金銲件銲後熱處理製程影響之研究

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研究生：	蔡和晉 Ho-jin Tsai
論文名稱：	錳元素含量對AA7003鋁合金銲件銲後熱處理製程影響之研究 A study of Mn content on the post-weld heat treatment processes of AA7003 Weldments
指導教授：	吳翼貽 Ye-Ee Wu
口試委員:	顧鈞豪 Chun-Hao Koo 王朝正 Chaur-Jeng Wang
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工程學院 - 機械工程系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2008
畢業學年度：	96
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	99
中文關鍵詞：	錳含量、AA7003鋁合金銲件、銲後熱處理、機械性質
外文關鍵詞：	Mn content, AA7003 weldment, post-weld heat treatment, mechanical property
相關次數：	點閱：210 下載：1
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本論文係探討錳元素對AA7003鋁合金銲件之銲後熱處理製程的影響。將AA7003鋁合金擠型材試片進行有/無ER5356填料銲接後，再進行銲後AA、T6、T73與RRA等熱處理製程。應用金相組織、掃描式電子顯微鏡、電子微探分析儀與穿透式電子顯微鏡等微觀組織觀察法，及維克氏微硬度、拉伸試驗與應力腐蝕等試驗法，探討錳元素含量對AA7003鋁合金銲件銲後熱處理製程之影響。
研究結果顯示，銲後T6熱處理製程最能提升整體銲件強度；銲後T73熱處理者則為最能提升銲道強度；未經固溶處理之銲後AA熱處理者，由於銲道與母材內之鋅、鎂原子無法有效地相互擴散，影響銲後析出強化效果，顯示固溶處理確能有效地促進鋅、鎂原子在低錳鋁合金內擴散。添加高鎂含量銲條之有填料銲件，可增加形成緻密析出強化物機率，提高析出強化能力而提升銲件強度；惟具有較低之抗應力腐蝕能力。有填料銲道之TEM觀察顯示，經銲後T6熱處理者，因鋅與鎂元素擴散作用，使晶粒內析出緻密之細小η’相，進而提升銲道析出強化能力；經銲後T73熱處理者，在晶粒內析出稀疏之粗大析出物，晶界上無析出帶較寬；經銲後RRA熱處理者，晶粒內析出緻密且細小η’相，晶界上無析出帶有粗大且不連續性η相，其寬度近似於經銲後T73熱處理者。證明銲後RRA熱處理製程，可使銲件兼具高強度及高抗應力腐蝕性。

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Mn content on the mechanical properties of AA7003 weldments after various post-weld heat treatment processes. Weldments were prepared w/o ER5356 filler, and were subjected to artificial aging, T6, T73 and RRA heat treatment precesses. Optical metallographic observation, microhardness test, tensile test, EPMA, SEM, SCC test and TEM observation were conducted to characterize the mechanical properties of these heat-treated weldments.
Experimental results show that T73 temper is the most suitable post-weld heat treatment process to produce weldment with right characteristics. Solid solution process can enhance the high inter-diffusion efficiency of Zn and Mg atoms between weld and base metal in low Mn AA7003 aluminum alloy. The Mg content of ER5356 filler metal makes the weld having high probability to precipitate out fine and widely-dispersed particles to improve strength of AA7003 weldments but possessing lower SCC resistance. TEM observations of welds(with filler) after T6 temper showed that relatively large size of η’ precipitates, comparing with the precipitate size of base metal, were observed. Welds after T73 temper, the microstructure is chacterized by the presence of large and scattered precipitates at grain boundary, as well as wide precipitation free zone(PFZ). The microstructure of welds after RRA process is a combination of those produced by T6 and T73 temper, widely-dispersed η’ precipitates inside the grain as well as large and scattered precipitates at grain boundary.

摘要..........................................................I
Abstract.....................................................II
目錄.........................................................IV
圖索引......................................................VII
表索引.......................................................IX
表索引.......................................................IX
第一章 前言...................................................1
1  研究緣起.................................................1
2  研究動機.................................................2
3  研究目的.................................................2
第二章 文獻探討...............................................4
1  鋁及鋁合金之簡介.........................................4
1.1  鋁合金之分類與介紹.....................................4
1.2  鋁合金之應力腐蝕性質介紹...............................6
2 鋁合金銲接特性	............................................8
2.1  銲條之選擇性...........................................9
2.2  鋁合金銲接之缺陷......................................10
3 銲後之顯微組織...........................................12
3.1  合金成份對銲道性質之影響..............................15
3.2  鋁合金煉度(temper)....................................16
3.3  銲接熱輸入量..........................................19
3.4  鋁合金銲後熱處理......................................20
4 鋁合金惰氣鎢極電弧銲之簡介...............................21
4.1  銲接電流特性..........................................21
4.2  TIG銲接製程參數.......................................23
4.3  TIG銲接之優缺點.......................................23
5  7000系列鋁合金熱處理....................................24
5.1  析出強化之基本原理....................................24
5.2  時效析出強化之機制....................................25
5.3  析出強化熱處理之程序	..................................27
5.4  熱處理製程之介紹......................................28
5.4.1  T6熱處理..........................................28
5.4.2  T73熱處理.........................................29
5.4.3  RRA熱處理.........................................30
第三章 實驗方法..............................................33
1  研究材料之選用..........................................34
2  銲接製程................................................34
2.1  銲接程序..............................................34
2.2  銲接設備..............................................36
3  銲後熱處理..............................................36
4  金相顯微組織觀察........................................37
5  硬度測試................................................38
6  拉伸試驗................................................39
7  應力腐蝕試驗............................................40
8  掃描式電子顯微鏡........................................42
9  電子微探分析儀..........................................42
10 穿透式電子顯微鏡........................................42
第四章 結果與討論............................................43
1  金相組織	...........................................43
1.1  有填料銲件之銲道與熱影響區............................43
1.2  無填料銲件之銲道與熱影響區	........................47
2  不同銲後熱處理製程對銲件微硬度之影響....................50
2.1  有填料銲件之微硬度結果................................50
2.2  無填料銲件之微硬度結果................................52
3  拉伸試驗結果............................................54
3.1  有填料銲件之抗拉試驗結果分析..........................54
3.2  無填料銲件之抗拉試驗結果分析..........................56
4  掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察....................................58
4.1  有填料銲件破斷面觀察	.................................58
4.2  有填料銲道背向散射電子影像............................59
4.3  無填料銲件破斷面觀察	..................................61
4.4  無填料銲道背向散射電子影像............................63
5  穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察	..................................64
6  電子微探分析儀之成份分析................................70
6.1  有填料銲件	...........................................70
6.2  無填料銲件	...........................................73
7  抗應力腐蝕性試驗........................................75
7.1  有填料銲件............................................75
7.2  無填料銲件............................................76
第五章 結論..................................................78
第六章 建議..................................................79
參考文獻.....................................................80
附錄.........................................................87
作者簡介.....................................................89

                                

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