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研究生： 陳冠儒
Guan-Ru Chen
論文名稱： 使用普魯士蘭去除水中銫元素
Cesium Removal from Tap Water Using Prussian blue
指導教授： 李篤中
Duu-Jong Lee
口試委員: 劉志成
Jhy-Chern Liu
李懷特
Christopher George Whiteley
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工程學院 - 化學工程系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2013
畢業學年度： 101
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 49
中文關鍵詞： 銫 、去汙 、普魯士藍 、飲用水處理
外文關鍵詞： Cesium, Prussian blue, decontamination, drinking water treatment
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  •  上一筆

    • 本研究使用非放射性Cs-133模擬水中放射性銫元素的去除。使用之吸附劑為普魯士藍(PB)，由日方(AIST)提供含有普魯士藍之不織布及顆粒兩種形式吸附劑。杯瓶實驗顯示，普魯士藍去除銫之吸附過程為一熵驅動程序。而由於很強的離子交換機制，已被普魯士藍吸附的銫不會因外界溫度擾動而脫附到水中。在管柱型濾材測試中，普魯士藍對於銫有絕佳的移除效果，在足夠的接觸時間下，銫之去除率可達99%，此外大規格管柱設計也可由此試驗中獲得。水廠快濾池除銫之模擬結果顯示，10公分厚之顆粒型普魯士藍吸附層可移除99%銫，且水頭損失非常小(0.015 m)。此結果顯示，在水廠中使用顆粒型普魯士藍吸附劑進行大規模除銫是可行的。傳統水廠處理程序除銫方法為混凝沉澱法，使用此方法會產生大量含有放射性銫之汙泥，如何妥善處理這些放射性汙泥也是一個問題。與混凝沉澱法相比較，使用普魯士藍吸附銫有更好的去除效果。普魯士藍可以將大量的銫離子濃縮至體積很小的吸附材中，提供一個安全有效的處理方式，在飲用水大規模除銫處理方面，普魯士藍是一個新選擇。

    關鍵字：銫，去汙，普魯士藍，飲用水處理

    Non-radioactive Cs-133 was used in this study to simulate the decontamination of radioactive cesium in water. Prussian blue (PB) from Japan (AIST) were used as adsorbents, there were PB non-woven and PB granules, two types. The batch test results showed the adsorption of cesium by PB was an entropy driven process. And because of the ion-exchange mechanism of PB, cesium won’t be released to water by the temperature disturbance. PB has a good elimination effect and selectivity of cesium in the column filter tests, the cesium removal achieved 99% at a sufficient contact time, and the filters designed for using in large scale treatment were obtained also. Because of the good decontamination performance of cesium by using PB, there was a simulation of rapid filtration. The result showed a high cesium removal greater than 99% and a very small head loss (0.015 m) of PB granule bed (10 cm). It is indicated that it was possible to use PB for decontamination of cesium in the drinking water treatment plant. The main means in water treatment plant to remove cesium is by coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation, it would produce a large amount of waste sludge contained radioactive cesium, how to solve those decontaminated sludge is another problem. Compared to coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation method, PB could adsorb cesium more effectively and safely stored in a small volume. So in the case of radioactive cesium treatment, PB adsorbents were strongly recommended.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT I 摘要 II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I TABLE OF CONTENTS II LIST OF FIGURES IV LIST OF TABLES VII CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 BACKGROUND 1 1.2 RESEARCH GOALS 1 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2 2.1 NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR DISASTER EMERGENCY TREATMENT 2 2.2 THE TREATMENTS TO REMOVE RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCE IN WATER 2 2.2.1 Adsorption 3 2.2.2.1 Zeolite 3 2.2.2.2 Metallic-oxide/ Minerals 3 2.2.2.3 Carbon nano-materials 4 2.2.2.4 Bio-sorbents 4 2.2.2 Ion exchange 5 2.2.3 Film filtration 5 2.2.4 Coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation treatment 6 2.3 RADIOACTIVE CESIUM-137 6 2.4 CESIUM REMOVAL IN WATER TREATMENT PLANT 8 2.5 PRUSSIAN BLUE (PB) 9 2.5.1 Introduction of PB 10 2.5.2 PB nanoparticles 11 2.5.3 Ion-exchange 12 2.5.4 Decontamination of radioactive cesium by using PB 12 CHAPTER 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS 13 3.1 CHEMICALS AND EXPERIMENTAL MACHINES 13 3.2 EXPERIMENTAL PROCESSES 14 3.2.1 Batch test of PB Non-woven and Granule 14 3.2.1.1 Thermodynamics and adsorption isotherm 14 3.2.1.2 Temperature shift effect 14 3.2.1.3 The pH and competition ions effect 15 3.2.1.4 NaClO effect 15 3.2.2 PB filter test 15 3.2.3 Rapid filtration basin simulation 16 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 18 4.1 BATCH TEST OF NON-WOVEN AND GRANULE 18 4.1.1 Adsorption equilibrium curve 18 4.1.2 Langmuir adsorption isotherm 20 4.1.3 Determination of thermodynamic parameters 21 4.1.4 Temperature shift effect 22 4.1.5 pH and competition ions effect 24 4.1.6 NaClO effect 27 4.2 THE PB FILTER TEST 29 4.2.1 Non-woven column filter type I 29 4.2.2 Non-woven column filter type II 33 4.2.3 Granule column filter 34 4.3 RAPID FILTRATION BASIN SIMULATION 38 4.4 CONCLUSION 43 REFERENCE 45 APPENDIX 48

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