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研究生: 溫志揚
Chih-Yang Wen
論文名稱: 串級控制方法應用於多軸飛行器穩定平台之無刷馬達控制
Cascade Control Method for Brushless Motor Control of Multi-Axis Aircraft Stable Platform
指導教授: 柯正浩
Cheng-Hao Ko
口試委員: 李敏凡
Min-Fan Li
沈志霖
Chen-Zhilin Shen
柯正浩
Cheng-Hao Ko
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 自動化及控制研究所
Graduate Institute of Automation and Control
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 74
中文關鍵詞: 串級控制多軸飛行器穩定平台無刷馬達控制
外文關鍵詞: Cascade control, Multi-axis aircraft,Stable, platform, Brushless motor control
相關次數: 點閱:250下載:0
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現今社會使用多軸飛行器的機會越來越多,隨之而來會搭配穩定器平台用於穩定相機,以達到影像錄製、拍照、視覺控制等等功能,故穩定器的控制會影響著影像的輸出,現行穩定器大多使用PID控制無刷馬達,為了能提升穩定器的性能,本文使用串級PID控制來進行性能升級,以此得到更佳的穩定器平台。
本研究建立了雙軸無刷馬達穩定器控制平台,使用商購的雙軸無刷馬達穩定器,並且利用開源的軟體以及人機介面,來達到低成本、易開發。在實驗的一開始必須先建立無刷馬達數學模型,控制方面則使用串級PID控制無刷馬達穩定器,並進行調整內環路以及外環路的控制器,使控制參數符合無刷馬達穩定器使用。由於串級PID控制比單級PID控制多了一個控制器,對於控制來說能抗干擾以及性能的提升,實驗分為單級PID控制和串級PID控制,首先利用MATLAB完成單級PID控制器與串級PID控制器的方塊圖建立,再來進行模擬調整,可以大幅度減少運算的過程。
最後通過反覆的實驗測試以及比較後,可以從實驗結果得知串級PID控制比起單級PID控制有更好的控制,更適用於無刷馬達穩定器的控制。


Nowadays, there are more and more opportunities to use multi-axis aircraft, and it contains a stabilizer platform to stabilize the camera. Therefore, it can achieve the functions of image recording, photography, visual control, etc. As mentioned above, the control of the stabilizer platform decides the quality of the image. In order to improve the performance of the stabilizer platform, it is a common way to control the brushless motor with PID. This paper used cascade PID, further, to increase the stability to a higher level.
This research establishes a two-axis brushless motor stabilizer control platform with commercially available brushless motor stabilizers , and it uses open source software and human-machine interfaces to reduce the cost and simplify the development. At the beginning of the experiment, a mathematical model of the brushless motor must be established. Then, Using the cascade PID controls the brushless motor stabilizer, and adjusting the controllers of inner and outer loops to make sure the control parameters are consistent with the brushless motor stabilizer . Because, the number of controller of cascade PID is one more than single-stage PID, it will enhance the anti-interference and performance in the control. The experiment is divided into the control of single-stage PID and cascade PID. Using MATLAB completes the block diagram of the single PID controller and the cascade PID controller before the adjustment of simulation can greatly reduce the process of calculation.
Finally, accordion to the comparison of multiple experiments, it shows cascade PID is a better option to control the brushless motor stabilizers.

誌謝 I 中文摘要 II Abstract III 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 IX 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 研究動機與目的 1 1.3 研究方法與步驟 2 1.4 本研究架構 3 第二章 文獻回顧與控制方法探討 4 2.1 文獻回顧 4 2.2 三軸PID控制 4 2.3 利用PSO演算調適PID 7 2.4 四元數的萬向架姿態控制算法 10 2.5 利用Fuzzy調適PID 12 2.6 低成本永磁同步電動機穩定器控制16 第三章 系統模型與控制方法 20 3.1 無刷馬達基本介紹 20 3.2 無刷馬達控制方式 22 3.3 無刷馬達數學模型建立條件 25 3.4 串級PID控制器及方塊圖簡化 29 第四章 實驗系統建構與結果 33 4.1 實驗系統建構 33 4.2 實驗平台設計 39 4.3 實驗模擬與結果 42 4.4 單PID與串級PID比較 55 第五章 結論與未來研究方向 58 5.1 結論 58 5.2 未來研究方向 59 參考文獻 60

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