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研究生: 徐國城
Kuo-chen Hsu
論文名稱: 應用於孤島偵測保護之FPGA型IED之研發
Design of a FPGA-based IED for Islanding Detection and Protection
指導教授: 辜志承
Jyh-Cherng Gu
口試委員: 洪穎怡
none
黃培華
none
陳在相
Tsai-Hsiang Chen
蕭弘清
Horng-Ching Hsiao
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電機工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 96
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 122
中文關鍵詞: 孤島偵測FPGA智慧型IED
外文關鍵詞: Islanding detection, Protection Relay, Intelligent Electrical Device
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本論文以FPGA為基礎,透過NI CompactRIO設計適用於風力發電機之智慧型孤島偵測電驛,軟體方面應用相關偵測法則設計智慧型電子裝置(Intelligent Electrical Device, IED),如過/欠頻率、逆電力、頻率變化率與相位跳躍等,並使用LabView模擬軟體對各電驛演算法進行開發及模擬,確保時序與功能之正確性。硬體方面則加入A/D轉換器、週邊元件控制,最後經過整合並完成IED之製作。本論文也參照IEEE Std.1547.1、IEEE Std.929及UL1741相關標準,以Matlab/Simulink建立孤島運轉測試電路,依據測試步驟及方法取得PCC點電壓的波形,再將模擬波形依序送進波形重現器,而波形重現器會將輸入資料轉換為電驛可以接受的數位訊號,最後,對電驛的性能加以測試,完成智慧型IED之製作。


This hesis presents the development of a FPGA-based islanding relay in a CompactRIO for wind power generation system with islanding detection functions. In software, the latest detection algorithms are introdueced to design IED(Intelligent Electrical Device) of islanding relay, such as over/under frequency, over current ,rate of change of frequency and vector jump features. Also using LabVIEW to simulate the action of the relay algorithms that ensure the accuracy of the timing and function. In hardware, the major tasks are develop an A/D converter and peripheral controller. Then, a prototype of FPGA-based islanding relay with mentioned IP cores is ready for test. This thesis also follows the latest standard to simulate the testing circuit under islanding operation by using Matlab/Simulink. According to the testing steps, the voltage waveforms at the PCC will be transform to real signal by using Double relay tester. Then, the real signals are presented to proposed FPGA-based relay. Finally, the performance of the FPGA-based IED is extensively examined.

摘要I AbstractII 誌謝III 目錄IV 圖目錄VIII 表目錄XI 表目錄XI 第一章 續論1 1.1 研究背景1 1.2 研究動機2 1.3 文獻回顧2 1.4 研究方法4 1.5 研究貢獻5 1.6 論文架構5 第二章 孤島運轉偵測方法之研究7 2.1 簡介7 2.2 相關國際標準要求8 2.2.1 美國9 2.2.2 日本11 2.2.3 德國13 2.2.4 丹麥15 2.3 偵測方法與偵測不感帶18 2.4 被動式偵測法20 2.4.1 電壓偵測法21 2.4.2 頻率偵測方法24 2.4.3 功率偵測法25 2.4.4 電流總諧波量偵測法26 2.4.5 複合式電力量偵測法28 2.5 被動式偵測方法比較29 2.6 主動式偵測法30 2.6.1 自動頻率漂移法(AFD)30 2.6.2 滑差式頻率位移法(SMS)31 2.6.3 電壓脈衝擾動法31 2.6.4 主動電流擾動技術[43]32 2.6.5 間次諧波技術(Interharmonic) [12]33 2.7 主動式偵測法之比較34 2.8 本章小結34 第三章 孤島運轉偵測參數之計算36 3.1 取樣訊號[44]36 3.2 基本電力參數38 3.3 頻率計算39 3.3.1直接測頻法[45]39 3.3.2 週期測頻法[45]39 3.3.3 傅立葉轉換測頻法[46-50]40 3.4 傅立葉濾波演算法42 3.5 本章小結44 第四章 FPGA發展系統46 4.1 簡介46 4.2 FPGA設計流程與LabVIEW發展系統[52]47 4.3 LabVIEW開發軟體[52]49 4.4 CompactRIO開發系統[52]51 4.4.1 簡介51 4.4.2 架構及模組51 4.5 本章小結55 第五章 智慧型IED之建構56 5.1 簡介56 5.2 過/欠頻率電驛56 5.2.1 電驛之建構56 5.2.2 測試分析57 5.3 相位跳躍電驛(VSR)60 5.3.1 電驛之建構60 5.3.2 測試分析62 5.4 頻率變化率電驛(ROCOF)65 5.4.1 電驛建構65 5.4.2 測試分析66 5.5 逆電力電驛69 5.5.1 電驛建構69 5.5.2 測試分析70 5.6 電壓變化率與功因變動電驛73 5.6.1 電驛建構73 5.6.2 測試分析74 5.7 頻率變化率與相位跳躍電驛[54]78 5.7.1 電驛之建構78 5.7.2 測試分析79 5.8 本章小結82 第六章 孤島保護電驛測試83 6.1 簡介83 6.2 孤島運轉測試電路標準83 6.3 孤島電驛測試87 6.3.1 Matlab孤島運轉模擬87 6.3.2 波形重現模擬器於電驛測試之應用90 6.3.3 孤島保護電驛測試步驟91 6.4 測試結果分析93 6.5 負載變動測試98 6.6 測試結果分析101 6.7 短路容量測試103 6.8 測試結果分析105 第七章 結論與未來研究方向107 7.1 結論107 7.2 未來研究方向108 參考文獻109 作者簡介112 附錄A 電驛合成圖113 附錄B 過/欠電壓與頻率之NDZ公式推導119

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