複晶矽薄膜電晶體於主動式交流驅動有機發光二極體顯示器之新式畫素電路設計與模擬

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研究生：	劉晏瑋 Yan-Wei Liu
論文名稱：	複晶矽薄膜電晶體於主動式交流驅動有機發光二極體顯示器之新式畫素電路設計與模擬 The Novel AMOLED Pixel Design with AC bias for Improving the Brightness Uniformity
指導教授：	范慶麟 Ching-Lin Fan
口試委員:	李志堅 Chih-Chien Lee 顏文正 Vincent Yen 彭冠臻 DZ Peng
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電資學院 - 電子工程系 Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年：	2009
畢業學年度：	97
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	145
中文關鍵詞：	主動有機發光顯示器、主動趨動、交流驅動、均勻性、有機發光顯示器壽命
外文關鍵詞：	Pixel design, Active matrix, AC driving, OLED lifetime
相關次數：	點閱：199 下載：2
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由於平面顯示器具有輕、薄、低功耗、廣視角及全彩化之特點，因此在應用上都具有相當大的潛力。在眾多不同種類的平面顯示器中，有機電激發光二極體顯示器因為具備有高亮度、視角廣、體積薄、省電、自發光..等優點，所以將會有大量的焦點集中在有機電激發光二極體顯示器上。
在本論文中，我們探討以低溫多晶矽薄膜電晶體(LTPS-TFTs)驅動之主動有機發光二極體(AMOLEDs)電壓補償畫素電路。相較於非晶矽薄膜電晶體，低溫多晶矽薄膜電晶體(LTPS-TFTs)擁有較好的電流驅動能力及較佳的可靠度，並且可以用來整合畫素電路及週邊的驅動電路於同一塊玻璃基板上，但是由於LTPS-TFT製程的關係，導致各個畫素中LTPS-TFT產生特性上的差異而導致面板顯像品質的不均勻性，因此藉由本篇論文提出了新型的AC驅動電路來補償臨界電壓的差異、VDD 導線IR-Drop及OLED劣化的問題。
首先，先對傳統畫素驅動電路(2T1C)進行模擬與結果討論，根據模擬結果，傳統驅動電路容易受到不同元件特性的影響，造成傳統畫素驅動電路之電流的不穩定。為了克服傳統驅動電路的不穩定性，提出了兩個改善過後的的電壓驅動之主動式有機電激發光二極體的補償電路(4T2C),(5T2C).上述兩個電路均可補償TFT臨界電壓的變異及OLED的劣化。在AC驅動補償電路方面,首先，對2T1C加上AC電壓源後針對TFT臨界電壓補償的兩個補償電路進行討論(2T1C AC Ⅰ),( 2T1C AC Ⅱ),而後針對同時補償TFT臨界電壓及VDD Power line之IR-Drop的兩個補償電路進行討論(3T1C AC Ⅰ),( 3T1C AC Ⅱ)。AC驅動之2T1C電路為最初設計的電路，模擬結果顯示有激電機發光二極體的平均電流錯誤率僅4%.而AC驅動之3T1C電路對於Power line之IR-Drop達到1V的影響也僅是大約15%，這將對於驅動電晶體之臨界電壓以及IR-Drop的影響性有顯著的降低。
因此，本論文中所提出的四個畫素驅動電路可有效補償低溫多晶矽薄膜電晶體所造成之元件特性的差異，也具有補償OLED使用壽命的功能，同時明顯的提升有激電機發光二極體之電流的均勻性，對於未來主動式有機電激發光二極體應用極具潛力。

As a result of flat panel displays have the potential for slim profile, light weight, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, full color, etc. Therefore flat panel displays are essential for various applications. Among of numerous different flat panel displays, Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display has some fingerprint as high brightness, wide viewing angle, light weight, low power, and producing light by itself, Display industry will pay attention to OLED display.
In this thesis, voltage programming method of driving circuits for active-matrix-organic light-emitting-diode (AMOLED) displays that use low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (LTPS-TFTs) have been investigated. Contrasting to amorphous silicon (a-Si) TFTs, LTPS-TFTs are provide with the higher current driving capability and the better reliability, and used to implement pixel circuits and driving circuits on a single glass substrate. But LTPS-TFT process by ELA, enable LTPS-TFT to produce the mutant problem of the characteristic. Therefore, the new voltage programming method of pixel circuit has been proposed, in order to compensate issues on variation of the threshold voltage, IR-Drop phenomenon and OLED degradation.
First of all, conventional 2T1C pixel circuit is interpreted for simulation results and discussions. The simulation results show that output current of conventional 2T1C pixel circuit is instable owing to various characteristics in TFTs. In order to compensate the threshold voltage deviation, we propose an modified 4T2C pixel circuit. And we propose two 2T1C AC driving pixel circuits (2T1C AC Ⅰ), ( 2T1C AC Ⅱ) which can compensate the threshold voltage deviation and OLED degradation. And then we propose two pixel circuit (3T1C AC Ⅰ), ( 3T1C AC Ⅱ), which can compensate the threshold voltage deviation and IR-Drop of VDD power line. The simulation result shows the average error rate of the OLED current in 2T1C AC driving pixel circuits is about 4%. And the error rate of the 3T1C AC driving pixel circuit with IR-Drop of VDD power line is about 15%, The circuit will substantially decrease the effects include the threshold voltage and IR-Drop. In conclusion, these four proposed pixel circuits all successfully compensate for characteristics variation of LTPS-TFT and the threshold voltage variation of driving TFT and improve the current uniformity for AMOLED greatly. Therefore, the circuit designs possess the potential for the AMOLED panel application in the future.

論文摘要	                                   ii
Abstract	                                   iv
致謝	                                   vi
Table of Content	                          vi
Chapter 1                            	1
Introduction	                            1
1	Liquid Crystal Display	          1
2	Organic light emitting diode display	 3
3 OLED Device	                             4
4 PM and AM organic light emitting diode	 6
5	Motivation	                   11
6	Thesis Organization	          12
Chapter 2	                                     13
Pixel Design of Diving Circuit of AMOLED	 13
1 Introduction	                             13
2 Transistor Technologies	                    13
2.1 Amorphous Silicon	                    13
2.2 Poly Silicon	                             14
2.3 The process of LTPS-TFT	           15
2.4 OTFT	                             19
2.5 The process of OTFT	                    19
3 Digital Driving Circuits	           23
3.1 Area Ratio Gray Scale Control (ARG)	  23
3.2 Time Ratio Gray Scale Control (TRG)	  24
4 Analog Driving Circuits                  	26
4.1 Voltage Programmed Circuits	         26
4.1.1 Self-Compensation	26
4.1.2 Diode Connection	28
4.1.3 Matching TFTs	29
4.1.5 optical feedback	31
4.1.5 AC Driving	32
4.2 Current Programmed Circuits	34
4.2.1 Current Copy	34
4.2.2 Current Mirror	36
5 OLED Integration on the AMOLED Pixel Circuits	38
Chapter 3	41
Conventional 2T1C and Modified 4T2C Pixel Circuit using LTPS-TFTs FOR AMOLEDs	41
1 Introduction	41
2 AIM-SPICE and Poly-Si TFT Model	42
2.1 AIM-SPICE	42
2.2 Poly-Si TFT Model	42
3 Conventional 2T1C Pixel Circuit	44
3.1 Circuit Operation	44
3.2 Simulation Result and Discussion	45
3.3 Summary	53
4 Modified 4T2C pixel circuit	54
4.1	Simulation Result and Discussion	58
Chapter 4	71
The AC Drive Compensating Schemes for AMOLED Pixel Circuits	71
1 Introduction	71
2 The 2T1C AC driving AMOLED Pixel Circuit (I)	73
2.1 Circuit Operation	73
2.2 Simulation Result and Discussion	77
3 The 2T1C AC driving AMOLED Pixel Circuit (II)	87
3.1 Circuit Operation	87
3.2 Simulation Result and Discussion	91
4 The modified 3T1C AC driving AMOLED Pixel Circuit (I)	101
4.1 Circuit Operation	101
4.2 Simulation Result and Discussion	106
5 The modified 3T1C AC driving AMOLED Pixel Circuit (II)	116
5.1 Circuit Operation	116
5.2 Simulation Result and Discussion	121
6 Summary	131
Chapter 5 Conclusions and Future Works	133
1 Conclusions	133
2 Future works	134

                                

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