在台灣，消防隊的隊長被視為第一線的事故指揮官(IC)。IC必須在有限的時間和資源內做出決策。然而，傳統的模擬訓練受到真實環境的限制，因此對IC的經驗累積幫助不大。本研究使用討論型課程結合VR模擬訓練（VRST）的方式來訓練IC的火災搶救指揮能力，藉由電腦建模/模擬和VR技術所創造的虛擬環境（VE），不會受到真實環境的限制，而且可以即時介入突發狀況和重複練習。為了探討新訓練方式的成效，研究收集了服務於台灣新北市的244名消防隊長，在參加VRST課程前、後的測驗數據；隊長們在虛擬環境中輪流擔任IC，並在有時間限制的情況下完成火災搶救指揮處理程序的 6個步驟；在實驗中，研究人員設計具足夠信度的評估表來衡量受測者的表現。本研究使用真實驗設計的研究方法，實施主、客觀評估和課後問卷、訪談來分析學習效果。研究顯示，學員通過訓練後，在評估、決策、消防溝通、事故安全管理等方面的表現有大效果度的進步（Cohen's d> 0.8）。新手組和郊區組的學員在學習進步幅度上的表現，相較於其他組別更為出色（P< 0.05）。訪談和問卷調查結果顯示，大多數學員認為在模擬環境中執行火災搶救指揮的經驗，提升了他們在指揮工作的信心（平均值= 4.63，top box = 66.98%）。研究以非穿戴式的投影式VR(VR projection)作為VRST的主要視覺效果呈現方式，為消防機關示範了一個更為安全、經濟、有效的模擬訓練方法，利用虛擬環境的優勢減少了COVID-19大流行期間的動員演習和人員接觸，從而降低群聚感染的風險；疫情後基於歷史案例的VRST應持續進行，因為通過VRST的鍛鍊，可以彌補不同IC組間指揮經驗的差異。

In Taiwan, the captains of a fire brigade are regarded as the first line of incident commander (IC). However, traditional simulation training is limited by real world environments, so it does not help much with the IC's accumulated experience. This study uses discussion-based courses combined with VR simulation training (VRST) to train IC's fire rescue command ability. The virtual environment (VE) created by computer models/ simulations and VR technology is not limited by the real environment, and it is possible to immediately intervene in emergencies and repetitive exercises. In order to explore the effectiveness of this training model for IC, this study collects test data from 244 fire squad leaders serving in New Taipei City, Taiwan, before and after participating in VRST courses. They took turns serving as incident commanders (ICs) in a virtual environment and had to complete 6 stages of fire rescue command tasks within time. In the experiment, researchers designed an assessment scale with sufficient reliability to measure the performance of the subjects. This study used the research method of true experimental design and implements subjective and objective assessments, as well as after-school questionnaires and interviews to analyze the learning effect. Studies show that after the trainees passed the training, their performance in sizing up, decision-making, fire communication, incident safety management etc. improved greatly (Cohen's d> 0.8). IC students in the novice and suburban groups performed better than other groups in their learning progress (P<0.05). The results of interviews and questionnaires showed that most of the students (mean = 4.63, top box = 66.98%) believed that VRST made them more confident in decision-making. The research uses non-wearable VR projection as the main visual effect generating method for VRST to demonstrate a safer, more economical, and more effective simulation training method for the fire department. It makes use of virtual environments to reduce mobilization drills and human contact during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus reducing the risk of cluster infections. After the epidemic, VRST based on historical cases should be continued, because exercises done through it can make up for the difference in command experience between different IC groups.

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