當今，可持續性是興建基礎設施的基本考慮因素，意在不損害後代的情況下滿足現在的需求。雖然現今有發展許多建築可持續性評估系統（Building Sustainability Assessment Systems, BSAS）和綠色認證評估系統，但經研究和報告顯示，這些系統都擁有一些不完備的地方。為了應對現有系統的挑戰，並將最低度開發國家（Least developed country, LDCs）的建築也納入可持續性當中，因此利用國際標準化組織（International Standardization Organization, ISO）制定的建築要求，使用七種眾所皆知的評級工具分析內容。結果顯示所評估的國際體系中，有七個系統顯示ISO可持續建築指標方面存在不足地方，所以此研究提出了一個整合模式，可以從ISO可持續建築標準的角度來增強可持續性。此研究開發的模型使用多個經過認證的建築案例進行驗證，並且該模型的性能優於現有制度。由於LDCs的建築施工技術與其他發達國家不同，因此進行了深入的文獻回顧，以確定所選研究領域為新的屬性。現有的綠色建築評估系統（Sustainable building rating systems, SBRSs）、以往相關研究與衣索比亞建築行業的國家技術路線圖（National technology roadmap for the building construction sector, NTRM-BCS）皆主要用於屬性之選擇，而ISO可持續建築指標和2030年可持續發展目標（SDG2030）被用作屬性選擇期間之基準，以此實現可持續發展目標，並將經確認的屬性交給專業人員，納入他們的意見。與以往研究不同，此方法的屬性權重是結合行業專家評估，與從七個ISO核心框架的判斷量表分析得出。通過與現有的系統以及研究範圍內新建築物案例進行研究比較，對此次開發的評估系統得到了驗證。這項研究有助於從業人員進行評級制度和作出多重認證的決定，並被用作LDCs開發新制度的基準。

An essential consideration in the construction of today's infrastructure is the principle of sustainability, or providing for the needs of the present without compromising those of future generations. Nowadays, many building sustainability assessment systems (BSAS) and certification systems evaluate green development. However, studies and reports show several challenges during the rating systems application. To propose mechanisms for existing challenges and bring LDCs into the sustainable construction approach, direct content analysis was used to evaluate seven well-known rating tools using the building requirements established by the International Standardization Organization (ISO). Seven of the evaluated international systems have lacked in fulfilling the ISO sustainable building indicators. Because the limitations of existing sustainability rating systems vary from one to another, we proposed an integration model that can enhance sustainability from the ISO sustainable building standards perspective. The developed model was validated using multi-certified case study buildings and performed better than the existing practices. Because the building construction challenges and advancement of technology in the least developed countries (LDCs) is different from the developed one, an in-depth literature review was conducted to identify new attributes for the selected study area. Existing sustainable building rating systems (SBRSs), previous studies, and the national technology roadmap for Ethiopia's building construction sector (NTRM-BCS) were mainly used for attribute selection. The ISO sustainable building indicators and sustainable development goals 2030 (SDG2030) were used as benchmarks during attribute selection to meet the sustainability goal. The identified attributes were sent to purposively selected professionals, and their feedback was incorporated. Unlike previous studies, the weight of attribution was analyzed from a combination of subjective expert rating and judgmental scale method from the seven ISO core protection areas. The developed assessment system was compared with existing systems and a case study of new buildings in the study area. This study is believed to help practitioners with rating system selection and multi-certification decisions and is used as a benchmark for LDCs in developing the new system.

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