本文主要探討不同的燒結製程對0.4 (Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3＋0.6 PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (0.4PZNZT)鐵電陶瓷系統的電性和微觀結構的影響，試片燒結方式採用傳統燒結與微波燒結兩種方式，利用微波燒結快速加熱的特質改善傳統燒結冗長的燒結時間，並改善材料特性，進一步探討微波燒結的機制與造成試片特性獲得改善的原因。此外，因為此材料的機械品質因子太低，試片會在電能與機械能轉換時，容易發熱造成能量損失，本實驗利用傳統製程添加微量的二氧化錳，做為硬性添加物，提升此材料的機械品質因子。
微波燒結可以在比傳統燒結低的溫度下，獲得完全緻密的試片，因為微波燒結有較快的升、降溫速率，可以避免氧化鉛的揮發造成的焦綠石相。經過計算平均晶粒尺寸發現，在持溫時間90分鐘以下，微波燒結皆可以獲得較傳統燒結細小的晶粒尺寸，經過活化能的計算後發現，微波燒結活化能為134 kJ/mol約為傳統燒結活化能290 kJ/mol的一半，所以微波燒結可以降低活化能加速緻密化。微波燒結於1100 ℃持溫60分鐘時，有最大的殘留極化值45.67 μC/cm2，及機電耦合係數0.726，皆比傳統燒結於1150 ℃持溫2小時的最大值43.62 μC/cm2及0.681提升許多，原因在於微波燒結因為較快的升溫速率，可以避免晶粒過度成長，進而提升此材料之電氣特性。
由於0.4PZNZT材料之機械品質因子過低，材料會因能量轉換而發熱，在傳統燒結1150 ℃持溫2小時下，添加入0.3 wt%的二氧化錳的硬性添加物，雖然機電耦合係數從0.681降至0.606，但可以使機械品質因子從原來的61提升至178，介電損失從3.8 %降低至0.58 %，微波燒結0.4PZNZT+0.3 wt% MnO2雖然可以在低溫短時間緻密化，但分佈不均勻的氧空缺使此材料的壓電性無法明顯的提升。

In the present study, microstructure and electric properties of 0.4(Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3)+0.6PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (0.4PZNZT) specimen sintered by conventional and microwave sintering processes were successfully investigated and correlated. Microwave sintering is adopted to process the specimens at lower temperatures and for shorter times by rapid heating to avoid the high temperature and long sintering time in the conventional process. Moreover, the mechanism of microwave sintering process for the enhancement in properties is discussed.
Better densification is achieved in the specimens of microwave sintered at temperatures lower than conventional sintering temperatures and the pyrochloric phase is also found to eliminate by rapid heating and cooling rates of microwave sintering. The average grain size of microwave sintered specimens is smaller than the conventional sintered specimens. From the kinetics of grain growth, the calculated activation energies for grain growth of microwave and conventional sintering specimens are 134 and 290 kJ/mol, respectively. Microwave sintering decreased the activation energy for grain growth in the specimens and caused faster condensing phenomenon. Because of faster heating rate in microwave sintering, the overall grain growth was restricted and improved the electric properties. Higher remnant polarization (45.67 μC/cm2) and electromechanical coupling coefficient (0.726) in the specimen of microwave sintered at 1100 ℃ for 1 hr is found to be higher than the remnant polarization (43.62 μC/cm2) and electromechanical coupling coefficient (0.681) of the conventional sintered specimen at 1150 ℃ for 2 hr.
Addition of 0.3 wt% MnO2 to 0.4PZNZT reduced the electromechanical coupling factor from 0.681 to 0.606, but the mechanical quality factor increased from 61 to 178 and dielectric loss decreased from 3.8% to 0.58%. Higher quality factor and low loss with the addition of MnO2 to 0.4PZNZT are the requirements to use this material for device applications. Furthermore, better densification is achieved in the specimens of microwave sintered addition of 0.3 wt% MnO2 at lower temperature and soaking times. Because of oxygen vacancies distributed not uniform to cause incapable improvement electromechanical coupling factor.

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