簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 聶亨全
Heng-Chuan Nieh
論文名稱: 應用賽局理論探討安全系統與駕駛人互動行為
Investigation of driver-controller interaction for vehicle active safety system using game theory
指導教授: 陳亮光
Liang-Kuang Chen
口試委員: 高維文
Wei-Wen Kao
姜嘉瑞
Chia-Jui Chiang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 機械工程系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 96
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 81
中文關鍵詞: 賽局理論整合性安全系統設計
外文關鍵詞: game theory, integrated vehicle active safety system design
相關次數: 點閱:231下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報

本研究利用賽局理論,對於兩個不同的個案進行探討。個案探討一分析車輛在過彎時駕駛人與安全系統ESP之互動行為,經由賽局分析結果顯示對於ESP而言其機率分配皆偏向啟動,駕駛人則無此現象,此外駕駛人與ESP不應互相影響對方的操控行為。個案探討二則透過賽局分析結果結合ESP與翻覆預防系統,比較修改前後之結果可發現本研究提出之修改方式能夠改善整體車輛操控性能,而改善效果雖不顯著但仍可做為未來設計兩安全系統結合上之另一種考量。最後則透過駕駛人模擬器實驗證明將β及LTR列入駕駛人之payoff function設計考量為合理的選擇。


In this thesis, we using game theory to analysis two different case. The main task in case study 1 is try to analysis the interaction between driver and ESP, by using game theory the results indicate that all the start probability of ESP is always tend to "on". Besides, the driver and safety system should not interact each other when one of them make a choice. In case study 2 we try to use game theory to integrate ESP and ROP, the results show that though the improvement is not clearly, it still can be another way to integrate two different active safety system. Finally, the driver simulator experimentation result prove that put β and LTR in payoff function of driver is a reasonable choice.

摘要Ⅰ 目錄Ⅱ 圖表索引Ⅳ 第一章 緒論1 1.1 研究背景與目標1 1.2 文獻探討3 1.2.1 翻覆預防系統與ESP4 1.2.2 ESP與其他安全系統結合之研究5 1.3 論文目標7 第二章 車輛安全系統與賽局理論8 2.1 車輛安全系統8 2.1.1 電子穩定控制系統8 2.1.2 翻覆預防系統10 2.1.3 模型預估控制10 2.2 CarSim® 車輛模擬軟體的應用13 2.3 賽局理論14 2.3.1 基本概念14 2.3.2 零和與非零和賽局16 2.3.3 single matrix與bi-matrix16 2.3.4 非合作與合作賽局17 2.3.5 納許平衡17 2.3.6 賽局分析軟體18 2.4 賽局理論文獻探討19 第三章 個案探討一:駕駛人及安全系統互動行為探討21 3.1 ESP與駕駛人行為探討之模擬結果21 3.1.1 駕駛人行為及策略21 3.1.2 模擬結果22 3.2 ESP與駕駛人行為探討之賽局分析27 3.2.1 建構賽局27 3.2.2 定義payoff function28 3.2.3 結果討論32 第四章 個案探討二:兩安全系統結合之研究35 4.1 NHTSA fishhook test規範35 4.2 兩安全系統結合之模擬結果38 4.2.1 魚鉤測試模擬結果38 4.2.2 大轉彎測試模擬結果42 4.2.3模擬結果總結44 4.3 兩安全系統結合之賽局分析45 4.3.1 魚鉤測試賽局分析46 4.3.2 大轉彎測試賽局分析49 4.4 安全系統輸出煞車壓力修正方法及結果比較50 4.4.1 煞車壓力修正方式說明50 4.4.2 魚鉤測試輸出煞車壓力修正結果比較51 4.4.3 大轉彎測試輸出煞車壓力修正結果比較52 4.5 結果討論53 第五章 駕駛人模擬器實驗規劃及實驗結果討論55 5.1 駕駛人模擬器實驗規劃55 5.1.1 實驗一:駕駛人轉向行為探討實驗規劃55 5.1.2 實驗二:駕駛人煞車行為探討實驗規劃58 5.2 駕駛人模擬器實驗結果討論59 5.2.1 實驗一:駕駛人轉向行為探討實驗結果59 5.2.2 實驗二:駕駛人煞車行為探討實驗結果62 第六章 結論及未來工作64 6.1 總結及結論64 6.2 未來工作65 參考文獻66 附錄A 文獻[11]設計之ESP輸出煞車壓力及參數定義72 附錄B ME568車輛模型符號定義74 附錄C 本研究所使用之各項參數數值75

[1]National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, “Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards: Electronic Stability Control Systems.” NHTSA, FMVSS 126, part 49 CFR Parts 571 & 58 , 2006.
[2]FIA, “Press Release.” IP/07/621, FIA, 2007.
[3]Futterer, S., Gerdes, M., Niewels, F. and Zigler, P., “Rollover Mitigation For Light Commercial Vehicles Combining Active Brake and Active Steering Intervention.” VDI Berichte, n 2000, 2007, p 721-733
[4]Wu, Y., Song, D., Hou, Z. and Yuan, X., “A Fuzzy Control Method to Improve Vehicle Yaw Stability Based on Integrated Yaw Moment Control and Active Front Steering.” Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2007, 2007, p 1508-1512
[5]Ahmadi, J., Ghaffari, A. and Kazemi, R., “Fuzzy Logic Based Vehicle Stability Enhancement Through Combined Differential Braking and Active Front Steering.” Proc. of the ASME Int. Des. Eng. Tech. Conf. and Comput. and Information in Engineering Conferences - DETC2005: 5th International Conference on Multibody Systems, Nonlinear Dynamics, and Control, v 6 C, 2005, p 2417-2423
[6]Solmaz, S., Corless, M. and Shorten, R., “A Methodology For the design of Robust Rollover Prevention Controllers For Automotive Vehicles with Active Steering.” International Journal of Control, v 80, n 11, November, 2007, p 1763-1779
[7]Chen, B.C., and Peng. H., “Differential-Braking-Based Rollover Prevention for Sport Utility Vehicles with Human-In-The-Loop Evaluations,” Vehicle dynamics systems, v36, n4-5, November, 2001, pp. 359-389.
[8]Carlson, C. R., and Gerdes, J. C., “Optimal Rollover Prevention with Steer-By-Wire and Differential Braking,” Proceedings of the ASME Dynamic Systems and Control Division-2003, 2003, pp. 345-354.
[9]Trent, V., and Greene, M., “A Genetic Algorithm Predictor for Vehicular Rollover,” IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference), v3, 2002, pp. 1752-1756
[10]Johansson, B. and Gafvert, M., “Untripped SUV Rollover Detection and Prevention.” IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), 2004, P5461-5466.
[11]Yi, K., Chung, T., Kim, J. and Yi, S., “An Investigation Into Differential Braking Strategies for Vehicle Stability Control.” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers; 2003; 217, 12; ProQuest Science Journals p1081-1093
[12]Li, J., Xu, B., Zhang, Y., Liu, W. and Liu, M., “Control Algorithm Based on Neural Network PID Controller For Vehicle Electronic Stability Program.” Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), v 37, n 4, July, 2007, p 741-744
[13]Goodarzi, A. and Esmilzadeh, E., “An Optimal Vehicle Stability Enhancement Strategy For Articulated Vehicle.” Proceedings of 2006 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE2006 - Design Engineering, 2006, p9.
[14]Ungoren, A. Y. and Peng, H., “Evaluation of Vehicle Dynamic Control For Rollover Prevention.” International Journal of Automotive Technology, Vol.5, No.2, June 2004, pp.115-122.
[15]Chen, B. C., “Human-in-the-loop Optimization of Vehicle Dynamics Control with Rollover Prevention.” Vehicle System Dynamics, v 41, SUPPL., pp. 252-261. 2004.
[16]Lu, J., Messih, D., Salib, A. and Harmison, D., “An Enhancement to Electronic Stability Control System to Include a Rollover Control Function.” SAE 2007-08-0809
[17]Mokinamar, O. and Abe, M., “Active Wheel Steering and Yaw Moment Control Combination to Maximize Stability As Well As Vehicle Responsiveness During Quick Lane Change For Active Vehicle Handling Safety.” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, v 216, n 2, 2002, p 115-124
[18] Yoon, S., Jung, J., Koo, B. and Kim, D., “Development of Rollover Prevention System Using Unified Chassis Control of ESP and CDC Systems.” SAE 2006-01-1276
[19]Camacho, E. F. and Bordons, C., “Model Predictive Control.” Springer, London, 2004.
[20] Peng, H. and Ulsoy, A., “Vehicle Control System ME568 course pack”, University of Michigan, 1997.
[21]Bemporad, A., Morari, M. and Ricker, N. L., “Model Predictive Control Toolbox 2 User’s Guide.” The Math Works, Inc, 2007.
[22]Bryson, E. and Ho, Y. C., “Applied Optimal Control: Optimization, Estimation, and Control.” Washington :Hemisphere Pub. Corp, 1975.
[23]Morris, P., “Introduction to Game Theory.” New York: Springer-Verlag, 1994.
[24]Rasmusen, E., “Games And Information: An Introduction To Game Theory.” Cambridge, MA., Blackwell, 1994.
[25] Dixit, A. 著, 藍兆杰, 徐偉傑, 陳怡君合譯, “策略的賽局” 弘智文化出版, 2002.
[26]Mukai, N., Feng, J. and Watanabe, T., “Simulation Analysis for On-Demand Transport Vehicles Based on Game Theory.” Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), v 4031 LNAI, Advances in Applied Artificial Intelligence - 19th International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems, IEA/AIE 2006, Proceedings, 2006, p 117-126.
[27]Levinson, D., “Micro-Foundations of Congestion and Pricing: A Game Theory Perspective.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, v 39, n 7-9, August/November, 2005, p 691-704.
[28]De Oliveira, D., Bazzan, A. L. C., Lesser, V., “Using Cooperative Mediation to Coordinate Traffic Lights: A Case Study.” Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi agent Systems, AAMAS 05, 2005, p 597-604.
[29] Schouwenaarst, T., How, J. and Feron, E., “Decentralized Cooperative Trajectory Planning of Multiple Aircraft with Hard Safety Guarantees.” Collection of Technical Papers - AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference, 2004, p 2042-2055.
[30] Bell, M. G. H., “The Measurements of Reliability in Stochastic Transport Networks.” IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Proceedings, ITSC, 2001, p 1183-1188.
[31]Barnett, A. I., “Control Strategies for Transport Systems with Nonlinear Waiting Costs.” Transportation Science, v 12, n 2, May, 1978, p 119-136.
[32]Van, P., Ding, M. Y. and Zhou, C. P., “Game Theoretic Route Planning for Team of UAVS.” Proceedings of 2004 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, 2004, p 723-728.
[33]Liu, Y., Galati, D. G.. and Simaan, M. A., “A Game Theoretic Approach to Team Dynamics And Tactics in Mixed Initiative Control of Automa-Teams.” Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, v 4, 2004 43rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), 2004, p 3811-3816.
[34]Reimann, J., Vachtsevanos, G., Ge, J. and Tang, L., “An Approach to Controlling Swarms of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Adversarial Situations.” Collection of Technical Papers - AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference 2006, 2006, p 3330-3337.
[35] Reimann, J. and Vachtsevanos, G., “UAVs in Urban Operations: Target Interception and Containment.” Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems: Theory and Applications, v 47, n 4, December, 2006, p 383-396.
[36]Root, P., De Mot, J. and Feron, E., “Randomized Path Planning with Deceptive Strategies.” Proceedings of the 2005 American Control Conference, ACC, 2005, p 1551-1556.
[37] Yan, P., Ding, M. Y. and Zheng, C. W., “Coordinated Route Planning via Nash Equilibrium and Evolutionary Computation.” Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, v 19, n 1, February, 2006, p 18-23.
[38]Sujit, P. B. and Ghose, D., “Search by UAVs with Flight Time Constraints Using Game Theoretical Models.” Collection of Technical Papers - AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference 2005, 2005, p 3728-3738.
[39]Chen, Y. C., Qi, H. and Liu, X., “Pursuit-Evasion Games for A Team of UAVs under Dynamic Environment.” Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v 5985 PART II, International Conference on Space Information Technology, 2005, p 59854M.
[40] Cruz Jr., J. B., Chen, G., Garagic, D., Tan, X., Li, D., Shen, D., Wei, M. and Wang, X., “ Team Dynamics and Tactics for Mission Planning.” Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, v 4, 2003, p 3579-3584
[41] Han, S., Cheng, L. and Tong, H., “Noncooperative Conflict Resolution Using Differential Game.”, 1st International Symposium on Systems and Control in Aerospace and Astronautics, 2006, p 90-94.
[42] Zhibo, Z., De Sousa, J. B. and Girard, A., “Differential Game Based Safe Controller Design for Intelligent Cruise Control.” Proceedings of the 44th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, and the European Control Conference, CDC-ECC '05, 2005, p 6716-6721.
[43]Soltis, A. and Chen, X., “A New Control Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles.” Proceedings of the American Control Conference, v 2, 2003, p 1398-1403.
[44]Forkenbrock, G. J., O’Harra, B.C. and Elsasser, D., “An Experimental Evaluation of 26 Light Vehicles Using Test Maneuvers That May Induce On-Road, Un-tripped Rollover and a Discussion of NHTSA’s Refined Test Procedures.” National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, US Department of Transportation, October 2003.
[45]Mechanical Simulation. “Carsim Reference Manual.” Mechanical Simulation, 2005.

無法下載圖示 全文公開日期 2013/07/23 (校內網路)
全文公開日期 本全文未授權公開 (校外網路)
全文公開日期 本全文未授權公開 (國家圖書館:臺灣博碩士論文系統)
QR CODE