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研究生： 徐雲飛
HSU, YUN-FEI
論文名稱： 田口法應用於熔紡熱塑性聚氨酯纖維製程參數最佳化之研究
Process Optimizing on Melt Spun Thermoplastic Polyurethane Filaments by Taguchi Method
指導教授： 吳昌謀
Chang-Mou Wu
口試委員: 邱顯堂
Hsien-Tang Chiu
安大中
Ta-Chung An
陳錦江
JIENG-CHIANG CHEN
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工程學院 - 材料科學與工程系
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年： 2019
畢業學年度： 107
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 113
中文關鍵詞： 熔融紡絲 、熱塑性聚氨酯 、田口法 、主成分分析
外文關鍵詞： Melt Spinning, Thermoplastic Polyurethane, Taguchi Method, Principal Component Analysis
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    • 本實驗使用熔融紡絲技術製備熱塑性聚氨酯(Thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU)彈性纖維並搭配田口法探討TPU纖維製程參數最佳化，以直交表L9(34)設計4個實驗因子(模頭溫度、幫浦轉速、延伸倍率、熱延伸溫度)，並利用變異數分析(ANOVA)，針對5項品質特性(強度、應變、纖維細度、沸水收縮、彈性回復)做最佳化探討。結果顯示，模頭溫度與熱延伸溫度為最主要影響因子，模頭溫度主要影響纖維細度與應變，纖維細度最細為103.33d/24f，應變最大為239.70%，熱延伸溫度主要影響彈性回復及強度，最佳彈性回復為96.56%，最大強度為2.88 g/Den。延伸率影響沸水收縮，於2倍延伸率沸水收縮最低為16.13%。最後從五項品質特性中尋找較佳貢獻度者，並導入主成分分析(Principal Components Analysis, PCA)，再綜合四項品質特性因子尋找最佳之參數組合，其參數：模頭溫度260°C、幫浦轉速40 rpm、延伸倍率2倍、熱延伸溫度50℃，結果顯示，纖維細度為122.67d/24f，應變為239.70%，彈性回復為92.55%，沸水收縮為16.13%。

    This experiment used the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastic fiber of melt spinning technology with Taguchi method to investigate the optimized parameters of the TPU fiber manufacturing process. Four experimental factors, including die temperature, pump speed, extension ratio and heat extension temperature, were designed by orthogonal array L9(34) and by performing the variance analysis (ANOVA), the five quality characteristics (strength, strain, Denier, boiling water shrinkage and elastic recovery) were also optimized. Result showed that die temperature and heat extension temperature were the two primary influential factors. The die temperature specifically affects Denier and strain. The Denier number was the finest at 103.33d/24f with the maximum strain of 239.70%. The heat extension temperature mainly affects elastic recovery and strength. The optimal elastic recovery was 96.56% and the maximum strength was 2.88g/Den. The extension ratio affects boiling water shrinkage, yielding at least 16.13% of boiling water shrinkage with twice the extension ratio. Lastly, the best contributor was identified among the five quality characteristics and with introduction of principal components analysis (PCA) and the combination of four experimental factors, the study would attempt to find the best parameter combination, as follows: Die temperature at 260°C, pump speed at 40rpm, extension ratio at 2 folds, and heat extension temperature at 50℃. Such that, the results showed Denier of 122.67d/24f, strain of 239.70%, elastic recovery at 92.55% boiling water shrinkage of 16.13%.

    摘要.....................................I ASTRACT..................................II 目錄.....................................III 圖索引...................................VII 表索引....................................XX 第1章 緒論.................................1 1.1 前言...................................1 1.2 研究動機與目的..........................3 1.3 文獻回顧...............................4 1.3.1 TPU熱塑性聚氨酯......................4 1.3.2 製程最佳化..........................10 第2章 製程最佳化相關理論...................12 2.1 實驗方法概論..........................12 2.1.1 試誤法.............................13 2.1.2 一次一因子法.......................13 2.1.3 全因子法...........................14 2.1.4 田口法.............................14 2.2 田口方法概述.........................15 2.2.1 實驗因子簡述.......................18 2.2.2 直交表............................19 2.2.3 直交表選擇........................20 2.2.4 品質損失函數......................21 2.2.5 信號雜訊比........................23 2.2.6 變異數分析........................24 2.2.7 信賴區間..........................27 2.3 主成分分析概論......................29 2.3.1 計算理論基礎......................29 2.3.2 主成分計算步驟....................32 第3章 實驗儀器與材料介紹................35 3.1 熔融紡絲...........................36 3.2 材料分析...........................38 3.2.1 熱重損失分析儀...................38 3.2.2 熱示差分析儀.....................39 3.2.3 掃描式電子顯微鏡.................39 3.2.4 卡氏水分測定儀...................40 3.2.5 熔融指數測試.....................41 3.2.6 沸水收縮試驗.....................41 3.2.7 彈性回復.........................42 3.2.8 動態彈性回復.....................42 3.2.9 拉伸試驗機.......................44 3.2.10纖維細度試驗.....................45 第4章 實驗步驟與規劃...................46 4.1 研究流程..........................46 4.2實驗規劃...........................47 第5章 實驗結果與討論...................50 5.1 熔融紡絲實驗數據...................50 5.1.1纖維細度分析.....................54 5.1.2 拉伸強度分析....................57 5.1.3 拉伸應變分析....................60 5.1.4 沸水收縮分析....................63 5.1.5 彈性回復分析....................66 5.1.6 動態彈性回復分析................70 5.2 品質特性確認實驗..................74 5.2.1 拉伸強度確認實驗................74 5.2.2 彈性回復確認實驗................75 5.2.3 動態彈性回復確認實驗............75 5.3 多品質特性分析....................76 5.3.1 主成分分析......................76 第6章 結論............................83 參考文獻..............................85 附錄..................................91

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