研究生: |
陳家豪 Chia-hao Chen |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
引擎缸內噴油之設計與分析 Design and Analysis of a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine |
指導教授: |
黃榮芳
Rong-fang Huang |
口試委員: |
孫珍理
Jhen-li Sun 林怡均 Yi-jyun Lin 張家和 Chia-he chang |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
工程學院 - 機械工程系 Department of Mechanical Engineering |
論文出版年: | 2011 |
畢業學年度: | 99 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 378 |
中文關鍵詞: | 噴油嘴位置 、噴油角度 、噴油時機 、凹面活塞頭 |
外文關鍵詞: | homogeneous charge, sauter mean diameter, piston concave crown model, spark plug |
相關次數: | 點閱:279 下載:3 |
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本研究利用商業套裝計算流體動力學(Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD)軟體STAR-CD,發展一套不需分析燃燒與排氣行程的方法,以尋找引擎缸內噴油的適當設計與操作參數。針對一四閥單缸四行程250c.c.引擎之兩類噴油嘴(扇頁式與多孔式)作分析,依據缸內噴油在homogeneous charge的模態,以最小的油滴粒徑與均勻的油氣濃度分佈做為準則,找出較佳之噴油嘴安裝位置與噴油角度。依據stratified charge的模態,透過油氣濃度集中現象來設計活塞頭形狀與火星塞安裝位置。以homogeneous charge的噴油時機作計算,改變不同的噴油嘴位置與噴油角度,判斷液滴大小與油氣濃度分佈,扇頁式噴嘴安裝在汽缸中央、噴油角度α=10°時,缸內燃油液滴平均粒徑(SMD)可達到最小且濃度分佈均勻;安裝在汽缸中央、噴油角度α=0°度的SMD次之且濃度分佈均勻;安裝在汽缸側邊、噴油角度α=-21°時的SMD很大且濃度分佈不平均。多孔式噴嘴安裝在汽缸中央、噴油角度α=10°時,缸內燃油液滴平均粒徑(SMD)可達到最小且濃度分佈均勻;安裝在汽缸中央、噴油角度α=0°的SMD次之;安裝在進氣閥側邊、噴油角度α=49°的SMD很大且濃度分佈不平均。將噴油嘴安裝在進氣閥側邊、噴油角度α=45°,透過stratified charge的油氣濃度集中現象來設計活塞頭形狀。結果顯示,活塞頭形狀設計為偏置的凹球狀弧(#3)且噴油時機CAinj=270°時,油氣濃度在汽缸頭中央最集中且靠近汽缸頂部,火星塞可以置於該區域。
CFD software (STAR-CD) was used to simulate the combustion mechanism of 4-strokes motorcycle engine. Fuel injection arrangements inside a cylinder during intake and compression strokes were studied through computer simulation. Fan-shaped and spray injector have been studied and air fuel mixture inside the engine cylinder has been analyzed in homogeneous and stratified charges. In homogenous charge, injector location and injection angle were varied to study droplet size and oil concentration distribution. In stratified charge, piston concave crown and spark plug location were determined based on oil concentration distribution. Sauter mean diameter (SMD) and uniform concentration techniques were used to compute droplet size formed by different injector locations and injection angles. When fan-shaped injector was placed at the the center of the cylinder, better uniform concentaration and smallest droplet size were found at 10 degrees injection angle. While the injector was placed at the center and 0 degree, uniform concentration was observed but droplet size was larger than that of 10 degrees. However for the case of injector placed near the rim of the cylinder and -21 degrees, both concentration distribution and droplet size were worst of the cases studied here. Similar results were obtained when spray injector was investigated. Piston concave crown model No. 3 showed better spark plug focus and provided concentrated droplet at the center of the cylinder head.
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